Class 6 – Page 9 – PSEB Solutions

PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Water

October 14, 2024October 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 14 Water Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 14 Water

Science Guide for Class 6 PSEB Water Intext Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 145)

Question 1.
Does every person use same quantity of water every day ?
Answer:
No, every person does not use same quantity of water every day.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 146)

Question 1.
What happens to ice-cream when it is taken out of the refrigerator ?
Answer:
It melts.

Question 2.
What is the state of ice-cream ?
Answer:
Solid.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 147)

Question 1.
What happens when you spill water on the floor in hot summer days ?
Answer:
It evaporates

Question 2.
Why cow’ dung cakes are kept in sunlight ?
Answer:
To become dry as a result of evaporation of water.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 148)

Question 1.
Why do we observe water droplets outside water bottle when taken out from a refrigerator ?
Answer:
The temperature outside refrigerator is warmer and when the bottle comes out of refrigerator, the water vapour present in air condenses and forms droplets of water on surface of bottle. This process is known as condensation.

PSEB 6th Class Science Guide Water Textbook Questions and Answers

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) The process of changing of water into its vapour is called ………………….
Answer:
evaporaion

(b) The process of changing water vapour into water is called …………………
Answer:
condensation

(d) Excessive rains may cause …………………..
Answer:
clood

(e) Three states of water are …………………….. , ……………….. and ………………. .
Answer:
solid, liquid and gas

(f) In plants, transpiration takes place through …………….
Answer:
stomata

2. Write True or False:

(a) Ice on cooling changes to steam.
Answer:
Flase

(b) Evaporation of water takes place in sunlight.
Answer:
Flase

(d) Water in ocean is fit for drinking.
Answer:
Flase

(e) Drip irrigation method is useful for farming.
Answer:
True

3. Match the Column A with Column B:

Column A	Column B
1. Water conservation	(a) Solid form of water
2. Snow	(b) Sunny day
3. Precipitation	(c) Rainwater harvesting
4. Evaporation	(d) Ground water
5. Fresh water	(e) Rain from clouds

Answer:

Column A	Column B
1. Water conservation	(c) Rainwater harvesting
2. Snow	(a) Solid form of water
3. Precipitation	(e) Rain from clouds
4. Evaporation	(b) Sunny day
5. Fresh water	(d) Ground water.

4. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
How much part of earth is covered with water ?
(ci) two third
(b) half
(c) one third
(d) three fourth.
Answer:
(d) three fourth

Question (ii)
Fog appearing on a cold winter morning is the result of:
(a) Condensation
(b) evaporation
(c) Precipitation
(d) none.
Answer:
(a) Condensation

Question (iii)
Which of the source of water is not used for drinking?
(a) river
(b) ocean
(c) dam
(d) lake.
Answer:
(b) ocean

Question (iv)
Process of conversion of gas into liquid is called:
(a) Evaporation
(b) Melting
(c) Condensation
(d) Boiling.
Answer:
(c) Condensation

Question (v)
About how much percentage of water is present in human body:
(a) 60%
(b) 70%
(c) 80%
(d) 90%.
Answer:
(b) 70%

5. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
What are two main sources of water ?
Answer:
Main sources of water are surface water and ground water.

Question (ii)
What is the advantage of drip irrigation ?
Answer:
Advantage of drip irrigation is that water and other nutrients are directly delivered to plants.

Question (iii)
What is the effect of temperature on evaporation ?
Answer:
The rate of evaporation increases with increase of temperature.

Question (iv)
Differentiate between ground water and surface water.
Answer:
Ground water is found below the surface of earth and is safe for drinking.
Surface water is found in lakes, rivers, wells and reservoirs.

Question (v)
What is transpiration ?
Answer:
The process by which water is lost in the air by plants is called transpiration.

6. Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Explain floods and its effects.
Answer:
The overflow of large amount of water beyond its normal limits is known as flood. Effects of Flood.

Many people and animals die.
Some people become homeless.
Wide-spread of communicable diseases.

Question (ii)
Define condensation. Give two examples.
Answer:
The process of conversion of gaseous form back to liquid form is called condensation.
Examples are :

Fogging of windshield or rear view of car.
Dew on leaves of grass on a winter morning.

Question (iii)
Explain formation of clouds.
Answer:
When we go higher from the surface of earth, the temperture falls. The air becomes so cool that the water vapours condense to form water droplets. These water droplets together in air are clouds.

Question (iv)
Write three ways to conserve water.
Answer:
Three ways to conserve water are :

Rain water harvesting
Recycling of water
Turning off tap when not in use.

Question (v)
What is drought and what are its effects ?
Answer:
A period when there is very little or no rainfall is called drought. Effects of Drought :

Soil becomes dry and infertile due to loss of water.
Ponds become dry and level of water in wells goes down.

7. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Explain the uses of water.
Answer:
Water is a very vital resource and is used for many purposes. Some of the uses of water are mentioneded below :
Uses of Water.

It maintains temperature on earth.
It is used for drinking, bathing, washing, etc.
Running or flowing water is used for generating electricity.
It is used for irrigation of crops.
It is also used for cleanng, cooking, watering plants, etc.

Question (ii)
Explain water cycle with diagram.
Answer:
Water cycle in nature. Water falls on earth in the form of rain, dew, snow etc. This
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Water 1
water falls in ponds, streams, oceans and some water seeps down the earth. With the heat of sun, the water evaporates from the streams, ponds, oceans etc. and fills the atmosphere with water vapours. These water vapours on cooling get condensed and form clouds. These clouds come back on earth in form of rains. So, this cycle goes on.

Question (iii)
Why there is need to conserve water ? Write technique of rain water harvesting.
Answer:
Fresh water is only 2.59% on earth and is in very low amount that can be used for drinking or human consumption. So, we must conserve the water.

Rain Harvesting. It is a technique which involves collection and storage of rain water and its reuse, it is the simplest and oldest method.

Techniques of rain harvesting. The most commonly used technique used for rain water harvesting is roof top rain water harvesting.

Roof Top Rain Water harvesting. In this rain water is collected on the roof of house and then stored in storage tank through pipes. This stored water can be used for any purpose.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Water 2

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Science Water Important Questions and Answers

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1.
The process of conversion of water into vapours is:
(a) Evaporation
(b) Transpiration
(c) Condensation
(d) None.
Answer:
(a) Evaporation

Question 2.
The process of converting water vapours into water is:
(a) Evaporation
(b) Transpiration
(c) Condensation
(d) None.
Answer:
(c) Condensation

Question 3.
We use water in:
(a) Industry
(b) Agriculture
(c) Domestic needs
(d) Industry agriculture and domestic needs.
Answer:
(d) Industry agriculture and domestic needs.

Question 4.
Saline water is found in:
(a) Seas
(b) Taps
(c) Lakes
(d) nowhere.
Answer:
(a) Seas

Question 5.
Hot air causes:
(a) Transpiration
(b) Evaporation
(c) Condensation
(d) None.
Answer:
(b) Evaporation

Question 6.
Water cycle is a phenomenon:
(a) Fast
(b) Slow
(c) Medium
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Slow

Question 7.
To get 1 kg of wheat grains evaporated. from wheat plant litre water gets
(a) 100
(b) 200
(c) 400
(d) 500.
Answer:
(d) 500

Question 8.
Excessive rainfall causes:
(a) Drought
(b) Flood
(c) Storm
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Flood

Question 9.
of earth is covered with water.
(a) 33%
(b) 67%
(c) 25%
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) 67%

Question 10.
Water is available in plenty from:
(a) River
(b) Well
(c) Sea
(d) Rain.
Answer:
(c) Sea

Question 11.
Change of water vapours into water is called:
(a) Vaporisation
(b) Transpiration
(c) Condensation
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Vaporisation

Question 12.
Change of water vapours into water is called:
(a) Evaporation
(b) Transpiration
(c) Condensation
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Condensation

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) We use water for many …………….. .
Answer:
activities

(b) We get water from …………… .
Answer:
taps

(d) About …………… of earth is covered with water.
Answer:
2/3rd

(e) ………………. water is saline.
Answer:
Sea

(f) ………………… is needed to convert water into water vapour.
Answer:
Heat

(g) The warm air provides heat for evaporation of water in ……………… areas.
Answer:
shady

(h) About …………….. litres of water is transpirated by wheat plants to provide 1 kilogram of wheat.
Answer:
500

(i) Clouds are ………………. that remain floating in air.
Answer:
tiny droplets

(j) Snow is another form of ……………… .
Answer:
water

(k) Open wells are fed by ………….. .
Answer:
ground water

(l) Water cycle is a ……………. process.
Answer:
slow

(m) Excess rainfall leads to many ………………..
Answer:
problems

(n) In ……………… conditions, food and fodder are scarce.
Answer:
drought

(o) The ………………. of water is increasing day-by-day.
Answer:
demand

(p) Collecting rain water is ……………… .
Answer:
rain water harvesting

(q) Excess rains are cause of …………….. .
Answer:
floods

Write (T) against true and (F) against false statements.

(a) Every region in the world get same amount of water.
Answer:
False

(b) Plants need water to grow.
Answer:
True

(d) Water can evaporate from any place either in shade or sunlight.
Answer:
True

(e) Plants transpirate water in the absence of sunlight.
Answer:
True

(f) Heating increases the evaporation.
Answer:
True

(g) Clouds are nothing but condensed water.
Answer:
True

(h) Never waste water.
Answer:
True

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
In which structures, the vast quantity of water is available ?
Answer:
Seas or Oceans.

Question 2.
What is nature of water in seas ?
Answer:
Salty (Saline).

Question 3.
When water evaporates from the seas, lakes, rivers etc, what happens to the salts dissolved in it ?
Answer:
Salts remain behind.

Question 4.
Is evaporation a fast process ?
Answer:
No, it is a slow process.

Question 5.
What is dew ?
Answer:
Dew is condensed water vapour.

Question 6.
What is rain ?
Answer:
Falling of droplets on earth after becoming heavy is rain.

Question 7.
Besides rain, how water returns to the earth ?
Answer:
In the form of hail or snow.

Question 8.
Evaporation, Transpiration, Condensation are processes of which cycle ?
Answer:
Water cycle.

Question 9.
What is ground water ?
Answer:
Rain water seeps into the soil and gets collected on a rock. This collected water is ground water. It is pure.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write few uses of water.
Answer:
Uses of water.

For drinking, bathing, washing etc.
For cooking, cleaning, watering the plants etc.
For crop growth.
For generating electricity.
In many industries like textile industries and food processing industries.

Question 2.
What is evaporation ? Which factors increase the evaporation ?
Answer:
Evaporation. The process of conversion of liquid into its vapours is called evaporation. Factors responsible for increasing evaporation are :

Wind. More wind results in speedy evaporation
Sunlight. More sunlight increases the speed of evaporation. This is why evaporation is fast during summer and slow during winter.
Exposed Surface Area. When the surface area is large, the speed or rate of evaporation is high.
Humidity. If the humidity in the surrounding is high then the speed of evaporation is low and if the humidity is low then the rate of evaporation is low.

Question 3.
Water disappears from the wet clothes. Why ?
Answer:
Heat from sun converts water into water vapours which get disappeared in the air.

Question 4.
What are clouds ?
Answer:
Clouds are nothing but condensed water vapours in the sky.

Question 5.
Why is sea water not fit for drinking purposes ?
Answer:
Sea water contains many salts in it thus giving water a salty or saline taste. This salty water is not fit for drinking purposes.

Question 6.
What are effects of excessive rains ?
Answer:
Effects of excessive rains.

Excessive rains will increase the level of water in ponds, rivers, seas etc. resulting in floods.
Excessive rains can result in floods. These floods can cause damage to property, life and crops.

Question 7.
What is rain water harvesting ? Why is it done ?
Answer:
Rain water harvesting. The collection of rain water in tanks etc. is called rain water harvesting.
Need of rain water harvesting. We must do rain harvesting because of the following reasons :

To increase the availability of water.
To store water for later use when its scarcity is felt.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
List sources of water. Explain briefly.
Answer:
Sources of water. At homes we get water from taps, but the main sources of water are :
(i) Ponds
(ii) Lakes
(iii) Rivers
(iv) Wells
(v) Sea water
(vi) Rain.

(i) Ponds. Ponds are low lying areas in which rain water or river water gets collected.

(ii) Lakes. Lakes are natural sources of water. They may contain salts in them.

(iii) Rivers. Rivers contain water formed by melting of snow on the mountains. These rivers many be flowing all year round or temporarily during a particular season. These rivers also have rain water in it. There may be or may not be impurities in them.

(iv) Wells. A part of rain-water seeps into the ground through soil. It reaches the bottom areas of earth’s crust and collects there as a water body. This water is put to use by bor wells and hand pumps.

(v) Sea water. Oceans are big reservoirs of water. Most of the rivers fall into the sea and thus carry dissolved salts and impurities into the sea. That is why, sea water is salty in taste.

(vi) Rain. The rain drops in the form of a cloud are almost pure. But rain water gets contaminated due to gases from atmosphere, particulate matter, acid fumes and micro-organisms floating in the air. We get rain only during specific period i.e. monsoon season in our country.

Question 2.
What is Rain ? What will happen if it does not rain at all ?
Answer:
Rain. When the water vapours in the cloud become too heavy, it falls back to the ground as rain. The earth receives heavy rain at some part of the year. Some parts do not get enough of rainfall. It affects the human, plants and animal life. If at certain places there will not be rain for a year then the soil becomes dry and drought. As most of the soil water evaporates and transpirates from the plants, rivers, ponds and wells, it will dry and water table would lower down. All this affects the humans, animals and wild plants. If it continues for one or two years in continuation, it results into drought.

Question 3.
What will happen if it keeps raining continuously ?
Answer:
Consequences of continuous rains. Rains bring a lot of enjoyment and pleasant weather especially after hot days. However, if it rains heavily, you might have noticed water getting collected here and there and at times causing disruption of normal life.

In case of continuous rains the water level of rivers, lakes and ponds will rise. The soil surface will get laden with water resulting into flood. When the soil gets too much of water, air in the soil comes out of it. Due to lack of air the animals living inside the soil also come out of it. Heavy rains also result in the loss of crops due to overflooding.

Question 4.
Explain and draw a neat diagram of water cycle in nature.
Answer:
Answer:
Water cycle in nature. Water falls on earth in the form of rain, dew, snow etc. This
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Water 1
waterfalls in ponds, streams, oceans, and some water seep down the earth. With the heat of the sun, the water evaporates from the streams, ponds, oceans, etc., and fills the atmosphere with water vapours. These water vapours on cooling get condensed and form clouds. These clouds come back on earth in form of rains. So, this cycle goes on.

PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections

October 14, 2024October 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections

Science Guide for Class 6 PSEB Light Shadows and Reflections Intext Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 109)

Question 1.
Classify different objects depending on whether an object allows light to pass through it completely, partially or not at all.
Answer:
Depending upon the amount of light passing through the object we can classify objects into the following three types.

Transparent objects. Those objects which allow light to pass through them completely.
Translucent objects. Those objects which allow only partial amount of light to pass through them.
Opaque objects. Those objects which do not allow light to pass through them at all.

Question 2.
Classify the objects given in following table as transparent, opaque or translucent.

Object/material	Transparent/opaque/translucent
Water
Tissue paper
Stone
Air
Book
Mirror
Thin cloth

Answer:

Object/material	Transparent/opaque/translucent
Water	Transparent
Tissue paper	Translucent
Stone	Opaque
Air	Transparent
Book	Opaque
Mirror	Transparent
Thin cloth	Translucent

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 109)

Question 1.
Light travels in ……………. line path.
Answer:
Light travels in straight line path.

Question 2.
Light cannot pass through …………….. material.
Answer:
Light cannot pass through opaque material.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 111)

Question 1.
For shadow formation, how many things are required ?
Answer:
For shadow formation, the following three things are required :

Source of light.
An opaque object and
For getting shadow a surface or screen (which may be a wall or it can be earth surface)

Question 2.
A shadow is observed, on a screen, when an …………….. object comes in between
screen and a source of light.
Answer:
A shadow is observed on a screen, whenever an opaque object comes in between screen and a source of light.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No.112)

Question 1.
The size of shadow of a given opaque object depends on relative ………….. of source of light and the opaque object.
Answer:
The size of shadow of a given opaque object depends on relative position of source of light and the opaque object.

Question 2.
What may be the colour of opaque object, shadow will always be …………….. (black/white)
Answer:
What may be the colour of opaque object, shadow will always be black.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 115)

Question 1.
Pin-hole camera is based on the fact that in ordinary conditions light travel in ………………… path.
Answer:
Pin-hole camera is based on the fact that in ordinary conditions light travel in straight line path.

Question 2.
The images formed by pin-hole camera is …………….. and ………………..
Answer:
The images formed by pin-hole camera is inverted and small.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 116)

Question 1.
A mirror does not change the direction of light that falls on it. (True/False)
Answer:
False.

Question 2.
A polished or shining surface like plane miror produces reflection.
Answer:
A polished or shining surface like plane mirror produces regular reflection.

PSEB 6th Class Science Guide Light Shadows and Reflections Textbook Questions and Answers

Exercise – 1

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(a) An object that allow light to pass through them partially are known as …………….. object.
Answer:
Translucent

(b) Light source like the sun that emit light of their own are called …………… objects.
Answer:
Luminous

(d) The change in direction of propagation of light when light allowed to fall on polished
surface is called ……………….. of light.
Answer:
Reflection

(e) Due to ……………… phenomenon rooms are lighted up in day time though no direct
sunlight enters the room.
Answer:
irregular reflection

2. Write True or False:

(a) Moon is a luminous object.
Answer:
False

(b) We can clearly see through transparent material.
Answer:
True

(d) Light doesn’t travel in straight line path.
Answer:
False

(e) Due to reflection of light, rooms are lighted up during day time though no direct sunlight enters the room.
Answer:
True

3. Match the Column A with Column B:

Column A	Column B
1. Natural sources of light	(a) Light moves along a straight path
2. CFL, LED and tube light	(b) Opaque object
3. Rectilinear propagation of light	(c) Shadow cast by a heavenly body
4. Eclipse	(d) Man-made sources of light
5. Cardboard, wood and metal	(e) Sun, stars and firefly.

Answer:

Column A	Column B
1. Natural sources of light	(e) Sun, stars and firefly
2. CFL, LED and tube light	(d) Man-made sources of light
3. Rectilinear propagation of light	(a) Light moves along a straight path
4. Eclipse	(c) Shadow cast by a heavenly body
5. Cardboard, wood and metal	(b) Opaque object.

4. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
Objects, like moon, which do not emit light of their own, are called:
(a) Luminous objects
(b) Absorbers of light
(c) Non-luminous objects
(d) Reflectors of light.
Answer:
(c) Non-luminous object

Question (ii)
An object, through which we can see partially, but not very clearly, is:
(a) A rubber ball
(b) A sheet of plane glass
(c) A sheet of tracing paper
(d) A compact disk.
Answer:
(c) A sheet of tracing paper

Question (iii)
When sun (during evening) is behind an object, the size of its shadow in comparison to that of the object M ould be:
(a) Smaller
(b) Almost zero
(c) Larger
(d) Equal.
Answer:
(C) Larger

Question (iv)
The image, formed by a pinhole camera, is:
(a) Inverted and diminished
(b) Inverted and enlarged
(c) Erect and enlarged
(d) Erect and diminished.
Answer:
(a) Inverted and diminished

Question (v)
For shadow formation, we require :
(a) An opaque object
(b) A source of light
(c) The screen to obtain the shadow
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
All of the above

5. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
State the type of path that light ordinarily follows while going from one point to another.
Answer:
Light follows straight line path.

Question (ii)
Fishes do not cast shadow in water. Why ?
Answer:
Fishes do not cast their shadows when the bed river or swimming pool which acts as a screen is far away from the fishes.

Question (iii)
State the relative position of sun, earth and the moon during solar eclipse.
Answer:
During solar eclipse, the position sun will be between earth and the moon and the
three are in a straight line.

Question (iv)
In a completely dark room, if you hold a mirror in front of you, will you see a reflection of yourself in the mirror ?
Answer:
If you hold a mirror in front of you in a completely dark room you cannot see your image because light is required for formation of image.

Question (v)
Two identical bed sheets, of pink and grey colour are hanging on a rope under the sun. What would be the colour of shadow of these two bed sheets ?
Answer:
We know that the shadow of an opaque object is always black. The colour of shadow does not depend on the colour of an object. So the colour of shadows of these two bed sheets would be black.

6. Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
What is regular reflection ?
Answer:
Regular reflection. When light falls on a plane mirror or smooth and polished surface of some metal then it is reflected in a regular manner. This type of reflection is known as regular reflection.

Question (ii)
Why shadow in afternoon is smaller than shadow formed in the morning ?
Answer:
During noon the sun is vertically above our head and the sun rays directly fall on the
objects so that a small image is formed whereas in the morning the sun rays fall obliquely resulting in a large shadow. The size of the shadow depends upon the position of the source of light relative to the object.

7. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Using suitable diagrams show that size of shadow formed, depends on relative position of the source of light and the opaque object.
Answer:
It is clear from the figure that by increasing the distance between the source of light and the opaque body the size of the shadow decreases. And if the distance between the source of light and the opaque object decreases the size of the shadow becomes light. Thus we can say that the size of shadow formed depends on the relative position of source of light and the opaque object.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 1

Question (ii)
Using diagram, show the formation of image by pinhole camera.
Answer:
Pinhole camera. It is a simple camera which can be made from wood or cardboard box. Take two boxes such that one can slide into the other tube easily.

Cut the small flaps of one side of each box. Make a hole in the centre of other side of big box. Similarly cut a rectangular flap in the centre of other side of small box. Put a piece of tracing paper on this cut. Slide the smaller box inside the bigger box. A pinhole camera is ready.

Working. Try to view from the open side of small box. Cover your head and box with a black cloth. View some trees or far off objects. Fix camera on object which is completely under sunlight. Slide small box inside bigger box so that a picture can be obtained on butter paper.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 2

Formation of sun’s shadow with pinhole camera.
To make shadow of sun, we need a big cardboard sheet with a pinhole in centre. Hold this sheet in front of sun to get a clear shadow. We will see round image of sun in the centre of the cardboard sheet.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 3

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Science Light Shadows and Reflections Important Questions and Answers

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1.
The substance through which light can pass is called:
(a) Translucent
(b) Opaque
(c) Transparent
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Transparent

Question 2.
For formation of shadow, the object in the path of light should be:
(a) Transparent
(b) Opaque
(c) Traslucent
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Opaque

Question 3.
Seeing across Translucent objects is possible:
(a) Completely
(b) Partially
(c) Not at all
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Partially

Question 4.
Luminous bodies:
(a) Emit light
(b) Do not emit light
(c) Take light from other body and then emit light
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Emit light

Question 5.
Moon is a body:
(a) Luminous
(b) Non-luminous
(c) Both luminous and non-luminous
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Non-luminous

Question 6.
During reflection, light after striking polished surface is:
(a) Sent back into the same medium
(b) Is passed on to the other medium
(c) Some part of light returns to the same medium
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Sent back into the same medium

Question 7.
Reflection of light occurs at :
(a) Regular surface
(b) Irregular surface
(v) Some part of the surface is regular and some part is irregular.
Answer:
(a) Regular surface

Question 8.
When an opaque object is brought near a source of light, then :
(a) The size should become equal to that of the object
(b) The size of the shadow becomes smaller
(c) The size of the shadow increases
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(d) None of these.

Question 9.
The image formed in a pinhole camera is of :
(a) Object situated near
(b) Distant object
(c) Distant object at rest
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Distant object

Question 10.
The shadow of a transparent object is :
(a) Dark black
(b) Circular
(c) Large sized
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(d) None of these.

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) Those objects through which light can not pass completely are called ……………….. objects.
Answer:
Translucent

(b) An opaque object placed in the path of light rays coming from source of light forms a black region behind the object which is called ………………
Answer:
Shadows

(d) Irregular reflection of light takes place from a …………….. surface.
Answer:
rough

(e) Images of sun and other luminous objects are formed by ………………….
Answer:
Pinhole camera

Write (T) against true and (F) against false statements:

(a) The size of the shadow of an object does not depend on the position of source of light.
Answer:
False

(b) During lunar eclipse the moon is in between sun and earth and three are in a straight line.
Answer:
False

(d) Moon is a non-luminous body.
Answer:
True

(e) Taking source of light away from an opaque object forms large shadow of the object.
Answer:
False

Match the following :

Match statement of column A with that of Column B.

Column A	Column B
1. Light travels in straight line	Earth lies in between moon and sun.
2. Lunar eclipse	Formation of shadow
3. Solar eclipse	Pinhole camera.
4. Inverted and small image	Opaque objects, source of light and screen
5. Shadows	Moon is between Earth and Sun.

Answer:
(1) Light travels in straight line – Formation of shadow.
(2) Lunar eclipse – Earth lies in between moon and sun.
(3) Solar eclipse – Moon is between Earth and Sun.
(4) Inverted and small image – Pinhole camera.
(5) Shadows – Opaque objects, source of light and screen.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is luminous body ?
Answer:
Luminous body. An object which gives out light of its own is called luminous body.

Question 2.
Name some luminous bodies.
Answer:
The sun, electric bulb, lighted candle, stars etc.

Question 3.
What are non-luminous bodies ?
Answer:
Non-luminous bodies. The bodies which donot give out light are called non-luminous bodies.

Question 4.
Name four non-luminous bodies.
Answer:
Card board, Table, Chair, Stone.

Question 5.
What is a transparent material ?
Answer:
Transparent. The matrial which comdpletely transmits light rays through it, is called transparent.

Question 6.
Name four transparent materials.
Answer:
Air, glass, water, alcohol.

Question 7.
What is an opaque material ?
Answer:
Opaque. The materials which do not allow the light to pass through them, are called opaque.

Question 8.
Name four opaque materials.
Answer:
Card board, Stone, wood piece and brick wall.

Question 9.
What is traslucent material ?
Answer:
Translucent. The material which transmits only part of light through it, is called translucent.

Question 10.
Name four translucent materials.
Answer:
Smoke, Fog, Butter paper, Rubber glass.

Question 11.
What is to be done to see shadow ?
Answer:
To see a shadow, place an opaque object in the path of source of light.

Question 12.
What are shadows ?
Answer:
Shadows. It is the dark space formed on the other side of the opaque object, when it is placed in the path of light.

Question 13.
Why should not we see directly towards the Sun ?
Answer:
It can affect our eyes.

Question 14.
How is image in a pinhole camera, possible ?
Answer:
When light travels in a straight line, then an inverted image is formed in a pinhole camera.

Question 15.
What is reflection of light ?
Answer:
Reflection of light. When a ray of light falls on a mirror/polished surface, it is sent back in to the same medium. This change of path of light is known as reflection of light.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Is moon a Luminous or non-luminous body ?
Answer:
Moon is a non-luminous body as it does not give out light but reflects the sun light falling on its surface.

Question 2.
What are the conditions necessary for seeing objects ?
Answer:
Conditions necessary for seeing objects :

The object to be seen
Eye
Presence of light

We cannot see objects in the dark. It is the light that helps us to see objects.

Question 3.
Differentiate between luminous and non-luminous bodies.
Answer:
Luminous bodies. Those bodies which give out light of their own are called Luminous bodies. For example, the Sun, the stars, jugnu, candle, an oil lamp etc.

Non-Luminous bodies. Some objects around us do not give out light themselves, but become visible only when light from a luminous body falls on them and some part of the reflected light enters our eyes.
Examples. Wood, Iron, cardboard and brick etc.

Question 4.
Why does an opaque body form shadow when light falls on it ?
Answer:
When light falls on an opaque body, it does not allow light to pass through it, so it forms its shadow.

Question 5.
What is a shadow ? What happens when an object is moved towards source of light ?
Answer:
Shadow. It is a dark space formed on the other side of the opaque object, when it is placed in the path of light. The opaque object does not allow the light to pass through it and light travels in a straight line only.

Question 6.
When we see some opaque object at height in the sun, black spots are seen on the earth. Why ?
Answer:
When we see some opaque objects at a height in the sun we notice some black spots on the earth which are shadows of the objects formed on the earth. Here earth acts as a screen.

Question 7.
Is a screen needed for shadow formation ? Which type of material, act as screen for shadows in daily life ?
Answer:
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 4
Yes, screen is needed for shadow formation as shadows can be seen on screens only.
Walls of a room, building and such surface etc. act as screen for shadows in daily life.

Question 8.
Show with an experiment that light travels in a straight line.
Answer:
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 5
Take a small piece of long rubber pipe and place a candle on a table. Light the candle. Stand a little far away from the table and see the candle flame through the pipe. It is visible. Now bend the pipe or move it to the right or left and again look for the candle flame. The candle flame will disappear. This shows that light travels in a straight line.

PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 6
The reason is that light rays coming towards our eye through pipe is stopped due to bend. Since pipe is made up of opaque material, so light cannot pass through it. Hence light cannot reach our eye, due to which candle is not visible to us. This shows that light travels along a straight line.

Question 9.
What is reflection of light ? Which objects can cause reflection ?
Answer:
Reflection of light. The phenomenon of coming back of light into the same medium in a particular direction after falling on any surface, is called reflection of light. Ordinarily reflection takes place from polished surfaces but sometimes we see reflection of trees and buildings from water of tank or lake.

Question 10.
Classify the objects or materials given below as opaque, transparent or translucent luminous and non-luminous.

Air, water, a piece of rock, a sheet of aluminium, a miror, a wooden board, a sheet of polythene, a CD, smoke, a sheet of plane glass, fog, a piece of red hot iron, an umbrella, a lighted fluorescent tube, a wall, a sheet of carbon paper, the flame of a gas burner, a sheet of cardboard, a lighted torch, a sheet of cellophane, a wire mesh, kerosene stove, sun, firefly, moon.
Answer:
Opaque. A piece of rock, a sheet of aluminium, a wooden board, a CD, a sheet of carbon paper, a wall, a sheet of cardboard.
Transparent. Air, water, a sheet of plane glass.
Translucent. A sheet of cellophane, a sheet of polythene, smoke, fog, an umbrella, a wiremesh.
Luminous. A mirror, a lighted fluorescent tube, lighted torch, a flame of a gas burner, a piece of red hot iron, kerosene stove, sun, firefly.
Non-Luminous. A piece of rock, aluminium sheet, a wooden board, a sheet of cardboard moon.

Question 11.
Can you think of creating a shape that would give a circular shadow if held in one way and a rectangular shadow if held in another way ?
Answer:
A cylindrical box can give rectangular shadow when placed in vertical direction while a round/circular shadow when placed horizontally.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 7

Question 12.
What are the conditions necessary for formation of shadow of an opaque objects ?
Answer:
For formation of shadow of an opaque object, the following conditions are necessary :

A source of light
An opaque object
The screen (may be a wall or ground

Question 13.
What is Irregular Reflection ?
Answer:
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 8
Irregular Reflection. When light falls on some rough or uneven surface then after reflection light gets scattered. Such type of reflection is called irregular reflection. Due to this phenomenon we see various objects around us.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is the reflection of light ? Show the phenomenon of reflection with the help of an activity.
Answer:
Reflection of light : The phenomenon coming back of light into the same medium after following on a smooth and polished surface is called reflection of light.

Activity 1.
Ask your friend to hold a plane mirror in his hand and stand in a corner of a dark room. Cover the glass of a torch with your palm and switch it on. To get a beam of light leave some space between your fingers. Throw this beam of light on the plane mirror held by your friend, you would notice the spots of light. Now change the direction of torch so that the image of some other friend standing in the room is formed in the mirror.
This activity shows that the mirror relflects the light falling on its surface.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 9

Activity 2.
Fix a comb on one side of a white thermocol sheet and fix a mirror on the other side as shown in fig. Fix a dark cloured sheet of paper between the comb and the mirror. Now project a beam of light from a torch through the comb on the mirror. You will see a pattern as shown in the figure.
This activity shows that mirror changes the direction of light that falls on it. which is due to reflection of light.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 10

Question 2.
Show an activity to study the factors which are responsible to affect the size and colour of shadows.
Answer:
Study of factors that affect the size and colour of shadows:
Activity.
Throw a beam of light from a torch over a cubical block as shown in the figure to get its shadow on the ground. First, move the torch towards the cubical block and then away from it.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Light Shadows and Reflections 11

You will notice that when the torch is closer to the cubical block, the shadow is small and when it is away, the shadow is large in size.

Now use cubical blocks of different colours like chalk boxes, books, copies, tiffin boxes for getting shadows. You will see that in each case shadow is black.

In this way from the above activity we conclude:

The size of the shadow of a given opaque object depends on the relative position of the source of light and the opaque object.
The shadow of an opaque object is always black whatever may be the colour of the opaque object.

PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Air Around Us

October 14, 2024October 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 15 Air Around Us Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 15 Air Around Us

PSEB 6th Class Science Guide Air Around Us Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(a) Plants give out ……………….. gas and breathe in ……………….. gas.
Answer:
oxygen, carbon dioxide

(b) …………………. gas can not be used directly from the atmosphere.
Answer:
nitrogen

(d) ………………. is important for the water cycle.
Answer:
air.

2. Write True or False:

(a) Oxygen gas protects us from the harmful UV rays of the sun.
Answer:
Flase

(b) Carbondioxide is required for burning of fuel.
Answer:
Flase

(d) Air contains equal amount of oxygen and nitrogen.
Answer:
Flase

(e) Aquatic animals breathe carbon dioxide which is dissolved in water.
Answer:
Flase

3. Match the Column A with Column B:

Column A	Column B
1. Most abundant gas in the air	(a) ozone
2. Gas required for photosynthesis	(b) water vapours
3. Gas used for respiration	(c) carbondioxide
4. Form of water present in the air	(d) nitrogen
5. Layer that protects us from harmful rays of Sun	(e) oxygen

Answer:

Column A	Column B
1. Most abundant gas in the air	(d) nitrogen
2. Gas required for photosynthesis	(c) carbondioxide
3. Gas used for respiration	(e) oxygen
4. Form of water present in the air	(b) water vapour
5. Layer that protects us from harmful rays of Sun	(a) ozone

4. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
Air contains highest percentage of which gas ?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Smoke
(d) Carbondioxide.
Answer:
(b) Nitrogen

Question (ii)
Which gas is a supporter of combustion ?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Carbondioxide
(c) Smoke
(d) Oxygen.
Answer:
(d) Oxygen

Question (iii)
Moving air is known as:
(a) Wind
(b) Water vapour
(c) Ozone
(d) Wind mill.
Answer:
(a) Wind

Question (iv)
Earthworms come out of soil during:
(a) heavy rains
(b) cold weather
(c) snow
(d) hot weather.
Answer:
(a) heavy rains.

5. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Which gas is essential for breathing of animals ?
Answer:
Oxygen gas is essential for breathing of animals.

Question (ii)
Name one component of air that does not support burning.
Answer:
Carbon dioxide does not support burning.

Question (iii)
Name the components of air.
Answer:
Components of air are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapours, and smoke.

6. Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Which gas in the atmosphere is essential for respiration ?
Answer:
Oxygen gas is essential for respiration.

Question (ii)
Why does a lemp of cotton wool shrink in water ?
Answer:
A lemp of cotton has air trapped in it in the spaces between the cotton wool. When water is poured on it or lemp of cotton is dipped in water, the air so trapped gets displaced and appears in the form of bubbles with the result no air space is left between the glasswool. In this way, the size of the lemp decreases so that it shrinks.

Question (iii)
How will you show that air dissolves in water ?
Answer:
To show that air dissolves in water, we can perform the following experiment.
Steps of the Procedure.

Take some water in glass vessel and heat it on a tripod stand before it begins to boil.
Look at the inner surface of vessel.
The tiny bubbles appear inside before water starts boiling.
These are air bubbles.

From this experiment it is proved that air is dissolved in water.

7. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
How will you show that air supports burning ?
Answer:
Experiment. Take a candle and fix it on a table.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Air Around Us 1
The candle is lighted by using a burning match stick. The candle will continue to bum in this case. This is because air is continuously available to the candle for its burning process.

Now cover the burning candle by putting an inverted jar over it. After a short time, the candle stops burning. It gets extinguished (see Figure). This can be explained as – when the burning candle is covered with glass jar, then the candle takes the oxygen necessary for burning from the air enclosed in gas jar. Since only a small amount of oxygen is available in the gas jar which is used in short time then the burning candle gets extinguished. Thus when a burning candle is covered with gas jar, then the fresh supply of air to the candle is cut off and hence it stops burning.
From this experiment, we conclude that air is necessary for burning.

Question (ii)
How is the balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen gases is maintained in the atmosphere ?
Answer:
Air contains both, oxygen gas and carbon dioxide gas. Plants use carbon dioxide of air and produce oxygen during photosynthesis. Oxygen is used by animals for respiration and carbon dioxide gas exhaled by them is produced which goes into the air and is used by plants. This is how the balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen gases is maintained in the atmosphere.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Science Air Around Us Important Questions and Answers

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1.
Which gas is needed for burning ?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) All.
Answer:
(a) Oxygen

Question 2.
Oxygen and Nitrogen constitute , ……………… of air.
(a) 1%
(b) 99%
(c) 100%
(d) None.
Answer:
(b) 99%

Question 3.
The plants release ……………….. during photosynthesis.
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) None.
Answer:
(c) Carbon dioxide

Question 4.
Air is:
(a) A mixture of gases
(b) A compound
(c) An element
(d) None.
Answer:
(a) A mixture of gases

Question 5.
Oxygen in air is replaced by:
(a) Respiration
(b) Burning
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) None.
Answer:
(c) Photosynthesis

Question 6.
Air helps in moving:
(a) Yachts
(b) Parachutes
(c) Windmills
(d) All.
Answer:
(d) All.

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) The ………………… air sways the clothes on cloth line.
Answer:
moving

(b) Air ……………… space.
Answer:
occupies

(d) Air is a ………………. of many gases.
Answer:
mixture

(e) For burning ……………….. is needed.
Answer:
oxygen

(f) Suffocation is result of excess ……………….. in the room.
Answer:
carbon dioxide

(g) The burning of fuels ……………….. smoke.
Answer:
produce

(h) ……………………. particles are always present in the air.
Answer:
Dust

(i) Hair in nose ……………….. dust particles from getting into our body.
Answer:
prevent

(j) Air is present in the tiny …………………. of soil.
Answer:
particles

(k) The wind makes the ………………… rotate.
Answer:
wind-mill

(l) ………………… plays an important role in water cycle.
Answer:
Air

Write T against true and F against false statement:

(a) Air is found in soil only.
Answer:
False

(b) Air has no visibility but it is transparent.
Answer:
True

(d) Smoke disturbs birds in the sky.
Answer:
True

(e) We should breathe through open mouth.
Answer:
False

(f) Water has air in it.
Answer:
True

(g) Composition of air is constant everywhere.
Answer:
False

(h) Earthworms live in holes in the earth.
Answer:
True

(i) Plants consume oxygen for respiration.
Answer:
True

(j) Windmills generate electricity.
Answer:
True

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Where is air found ?
Answer:
All around us i.e. everywhere.

Question 2.
What makes the leaves rustle ?
Answer:
Air.

Question 3.
What is colour of air ?
Answer:
No colour/colourless.

Question 4.
Which gas is filled in cylinders carried by mountaineers ?
Answer:
Oxygen.

Question 5.
Presence of which particle is important for water cycle ?
Answer:
Water vapour.

Question 6.
Which gas is produced during burning/respiration ?
Answer:
Carbon dioxide.

Question 7.
From where do roots get oxygen for respiration ?
Answer:
Air present in soil.

Question 8.
What is layer of air around the earth known as ?
Answer:
Atmosphere.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is air ?
Answer:
Air is a mixture of gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbondioxide, water vapour, dust particles etc.

Question 2.
Why is oxygen important ?
Answer:
Oxygen is important because it is needed for burning and respiration.

Question 3.
How do animals living on soil and roots of plant respire ?
Answer:
Soil contains air in the space between its particles. Burrows of animals also allow air to circulate through these spaces. So this air is used by animals and roots for respiration.

Question 4.
List uses of air.
Answer:
Uses of air :

It is used for rotating wind mills.
It is used for moving yachts, gliders etc.
It is used by brids for flying.
It is used for burning.
It is used for dispersal of seeds and pollen grains.
It is used for respiration.
It is used for winnowing.

Question 5.
Write few uses of wind mills.
Answer:
Wind mill is a set up which runs on moving air or wind. This is very useful for many activities.
Uses of wind mills :

For drawing water from tube wells.
For generating electricity.
For running flour mills.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How will you show that an empty glass bottle is filled with air ?
Or
How will you show that air occupies space ?
Answer:
Air occupies space. We take an empty glass bottle and hold it in the inverted position. The inverted glass bottle is put in water kept in a vessel (Fig. A). We will find that the water does not enter into the inverted glass bottle because the bottle is filled with air. Actually, all the space in the bottle is occupied by air. From this experiment we conclude that air occupies space.

If we tilt the bottle held in water we will find that the air present in the bottle goes out in the form of bubbles (Fig. B.)

As the air from the bottle escapes, water starts entering the glass bottle. Actually, the space vacated by the air leaving the bottle is now occupied by water.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Air Around Us 2

Question 2.
Give an experiment to show the presence of water vapours in the air.
Answer:
Experiment showing presence of water vapours in air. The presence of water vapours in the air can be shown as follows:
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Air Around Us 3

We take a steel or glass tumbler and put some well crushed ice into it. (See Fig.). Wipe the tumbler from outside with a piece of clean and dry cloth so as to make its outer surface completely dry.

Allow the ice-containing steel or glass tumbler to stand undisturbed for five minutes. A large number of tiny drops of water appear on the outer surface of steel tumbler. This is because the air around the steel tumbler contains water vapours in it. When they come in contact with cold, they condense to form tiny drops of liquid water.

Thus, by observing the formation of drops of water on the outside surface of the steel or the glass tumbler containing crushed ice we conclude that water vapours are present in air.

Question 3.
Besides water, what other thing is present in the lump of soil ? Show its presence.
Answer:
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Air Around Us 4
Air is also present in the lump of soil. It can be shown as follows :
We take the lump of soil and put it in a vessel full of water. We will see air bubbles escaping from the lump of soil into the water.

Actually the lump of soil contains air in its pores. When the lump of soil is put in water, the water displaces air from its pores. So, the air present in the lump of soil is seen going out in the form of air bubbles in the vessel containing
water.

Question 4.
How will you show that air contains dust particles ?
Answer:
The presence of dust particles in air can be shown as follows :
We darken a room completely by putting black chart papers on its windows and a black curtain on its door. A small hole is made in the black chart paper fixed on that window, which faces the sun. See Fig.
PSEB 6th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Air Around Us 5
A thin beam of sunlight enters the darkened room through the small hole made in the window. We can see the small dust particles moving in the beam of light in the darkroom. Actually, the air in the room always contains some dust particles but they are so small that normally they are not visible to us. These tiny dust particles become visible and can be seen by us only when a thick beam of sunlight falls on them. This experiment shows that air contains dust particles.

PSEB 6th Class Social Science Solutions Chapter 20 Rural Development and Local Self Government

October 14, 2024October 13, 2024 by Bhagya

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Social Science Book Solutions Civics Chapter 20 Rural Development and Local Self Government Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Civics Chapter 20 Rural Development and Local Self Government

SST Guide for Class 6 PSEB Rural Development and Local Self Government Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions in brief :

Question 1.
Write a short note on the changing face of villages in modern times.
Answer:
Our villages suffered from poverty, illiteracy, disease, and superstitions before Independence. But the face of our villages has been changing since Independence.

Today, in every village we see some progress and development.

Zamindari System has been abolished and the land has been given to the landless farmers.
Agricultural production has increased manifold. Farmers have now begun to use good quality seeds and fertilizers and agricultural machines. Agriculture universities have been set up to improve the condition of agriculture.
Schools and colleges have been opened. Children up to the age of fourteen are being imparted free education. Adult education centres have been established to educate the elderly illiterate citizens. Special facilities have been given to educate the women at village level.
Branches of banks have been opened. Villagers are provided loans at lower rate of interest.
Primary Health Centres have been opened almost in all the villages to provide medical aid to the villagers.
A large number of family planning centres have been opened to help reduce the growing population.
Almost all the villages have been provided with safe drinking water, irrigation facilities and electricity.
Efforts have been made to lay link roads for all villages to join them with the state highways.
Unemployed youths have been provided loans at lower rate of interest to discourage them to migrate to cities in search of employment.
Co-operative farming has been encouraged to improve the economic condition of villages.

Question 2.
What do you understand by Panchayati Raj?
Answer:
Rural local self-government in India is known as Panchayati Raj. It consists of Village Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad.

Question 3.
Which is the lowest and the highest institution of Panchayati Raj System?
Answer:
Village Panchayat is the lowest and Zila Parishad is the highest institution of Panchayati Raj System.

Question 4.
What is the minimum and maximum number of members of a Gram / Village Panchayat in Punjab?
Answer:
The minimum number of members of a Gram / Village Panchayat in Punjab is five and the maximum is eleven.

Question 5.
Write any two functions of Zila Parishad.
Answer:
The following are two functions of Zila Parishad :

Zila Parishad advises, helps, and coordinates the functioning of Panchayats and Panohayat Samitis.
It prepares plans for the rural development of the district.

Question 6.
What was the condition of villages during British rule?
Answer:
During British rule the condition of villages was very bad. Villages were backward. The life of villagers was hard. They had to face many problems. Zamindari system was prevalent. The farmers were exploited by the landlords. Condition of agriculture was very poor. The farmers were unknown to modern scientific and advanced methods of agriculture. Modern irrigational facilities were also not available to them. There was hardly any development of education. Villagers had no health facilities. They had to get treatment from quacks.

Question 7.
Write short note on the composition of Panchayat Samiti.
Answer:
A Panchayat Samiti is formed for a group of 100 village.’ . All the Panchs and Sarpanchs of the Village Panchayats elect their representatives to Panchayat Samiti. Besides such representatives, there are other members also. All the members of State Legislative Assembly, Legislative Council, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha who have been elected from that block are also members of Panchayat Samiti. Every Panchayat Samiti must have one-third women members out of its total members. All the members of Panchayat Samiti elect- among themselves a Chairman and a Vice-Chairman.

Question 8.
What do you mean by Gram Sabha? What is the difference between Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
Gram Sabha is an assembly of all men and women of a village whose age is 18 years and above and whose names are enlisted in the voters’ list.

Difference between Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat. Gram Sabha includes all the persons of the village whose age is 18 years and above, whereas Gram Panchayat consists of the persons elected by the voters of the village. This is the basic difference between the two institutions.

Question 9.
Which is the most important function of the Panchayat Samiti?
Answer:
The most important function of the Panchayat Samiti is to supervise the activities of Village Panchayats of its block.

Question 10.
What the Panchayat Samiti of your area does to improve the local environment?
Answer:
The Panchayat Samiti of our area performs the following functions to improv6 the local environment :

Panchayat Samiti arranges for good seeds and fertilisers to increase agricultural production.
It helps Panchayats to set up small scale industries like pottery.
It encourages fishery and cattle rearing.
It constructs link roads and bridges to join villages of its area,
It arranges for safe drinking water and provides health facilities in its area.

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
There are ________ States and ________ Union Territories in India.
Answer:
28, 8

Question 2.
Panchayat Samiti is the ________ institution of the Panchayati Raj.
Answer:
middle

Question 3.
The term of Gram Panchayat and Panchayat Samiti is ________ years.
Answer:
5

Question 4.
There are ________ Zila Parishads in Punjab.
Answer:
20

Question 5.
The highest institution of the Panchayati Raj is
Answer:
Zila Parishad.

III. Write ‘true’ or ‘false’ in the brackets given after each statement :

Question 1.
The economic condition of the villages was very bad during British Rule.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Seats are not reserved for women in the Gram Panchayat.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
There are District Level Officials of various departments to run district administration properly.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Zila Parishad is also known as Zila Panchayat.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Panchayat Samiti is created for 100 villages.
Answer:
True

IV. Multiple Choice Questions :

Question 1.
What is the minimum age required to contest the elections of rural local self-governments institutions?
(a) 20 years
(b) 22 years
(c) 21 years.
Answer:
(c) 21 years.

Question 2.
How many minimum and maximum members are directly elected by voters of Panchayat Samiti?
(a) 9 to 25
(b) 15 to.25
(c) 6 to 29
Answer:
(b) 15 to 25.

PSEB 6th Class Social Science Guide Rural Development and Local Self Government Important Questions and Answers

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1.
________ is a body of all adults who live in the area covered by a Panchayat.
(A) Gram Sabha
(B) Gram Panchayat
(C) Panchayat Samiti
(D) Zila Parishad.
Answer:
(A) Gram Sabha.

Question 2.
Tenure of the Gram Panchayat is
(A) 4 years
(B) 5 years
(C) 6 years
(D) Indefinite time.
Answer:
(B) 5 years.

Question 3.
Panchayati Raj system was enforced with ________ constitutional amendment.
(A) 70th
(B) 72nd
(C) 73rd
(D) 74th.
Answer:
(C) 73rd.

Question 4.
________ seats of all the local bodies are reserved for women.
(A) One tenth
(B) One fourth
(C) One fifth
(D) One third.
Answer:
(D) One third.

Question 5.
Secretary of the Gram Sabha is appointed by _________
(A) State Government
(B) Central Government
(C) Panchayat
(D) Zila Parishad.
Answer:
(A) State Government.

Question 6.
Lowest level of Panchyati Raj system is _______________
(A) Panchayat
(B) Gram Sabha
(C) Panchayat Samiti
(D) Zila Parishad.
Answer:
(A) Panchayat.

Question 7.
Middle level of Panchayati Raj system is __________
(A) Panchayat
(B) Panchayat Samiti
(C) Gram Sabha
(D) Zila Parishad.
Answer:
(B) Panchayat Samiti.

Question 8.
Highest level of Panchayati Raj Institution is ______________
(A) Panchayat
(B) Block Samiti
(C) Zila Parishad
(D) Gram Sabha.
Answer:
(C) Zila’Parishad.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What percentage of the people of India live in villages?
Answer:
75 per cent.

Question 2.
What is the main occupation of the people in India?
Answer:
Agriculture.

Question 3.
What are the main problems of our villages today?
Answer:
Poverty, illiteracy, diseases and superstitions.

Question 4.
What is the literal meaning of Panchayat?
Answer:
literally, Panchayat means a committee of five elders to solve the local problems of villages.

Question 5.
Who is a Sarpanch?
Answer:
A Sarpanch is the President of the Village Panchayat.

Question 6.
Which is the smallest unit of human population?
Answer:
Village.

Question 7.
Name the institution that acts as a link between Village Panchayat and Zila Parishad.
Answer:
Panchayat Samiti.

Question 8.
Give the other name for Zila Parishad.
Answer:
Zila Panchayat.

Question 9.
Where is a Village Panchayat established?
Answer:
A Village Panchayat is established in a village with a population of 500 or more.

Question 10.
How many seats are reserved for women in a Village Panchayat?
Answer:
One-third of the total seats of a Village Panchayat.

Question 11.
How is Sarpanch of a Village Panchayat elected?
Answer:
Sarpanch of a Village Panchayat is elected directly by voters.

Question 12.
Who presides over the meetings of a Village Panchayat?
Answer:
Sarpanch.

Question 13.
Name the government servant who helps a Village Panchayat.
Answer:
Panchayat Secretary.

Question 14.
What are the main sources of income of a Panchayat Samiti?
Answer:
Income from property tax, house tax, water tax and grants and loans from government.

Question 15.
How many Zila Parishads are there in Punjab?
Answer:
20.

Question 16.
How many States and Union Territories are there in India?
Answer:
28 States and 8 Union territories.

Question 17.
Why is Federal form of government established in India?
Answer:
Because administration of such a large country cannot be run only by the central government. That’s why federal form of government is established in our country.

Question 18.
Why is local government necessary?
Answer:
It is necessary at the villages or cities to provide basic amenities of life to the local people at the local level.

Question 19.
What is the term of all the levels of local self¬government?
Answer:
Term of five years is fixed for all the levels of local self-government.

Question 20.
What is meant by the Local Self-Government?
Answer:
A form of Government at local level is known as the Local Self-Government. It is basically formed to solve local problems of e people.

Question 21.
What do you mean by Panchayati Raj System?
Answer:
Panchayati Raj System is the structure of rural local self-government in India.

Question 22.
Name the three institutions of Panchayati Raj.
Answer:
Village Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti or Block Samiti and Zila Parishad are the three institutions of Panchayati Raj.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What do you know about Panchayat Secretary?
Answer:
Panchayat Secretary is a government servant. He helps the Village Panchayat in its working. He keeps an account of income and expenditure of the Panchayat. He also prepares a report of works of the Panchayat and presents it before the Block Panchayat Officer.

Question 2.
What are the functions performed by a Village Panchayat?
Answer:
A Village Panchayat performs several functions in its area. These functions are discussed below :

A Village Panchayat performs several kinds of public works like sanitation, maintenance of roads, supply of drinking water, maintenance of birth and death records, street lighting and health centre, maintenance of burial and cremation grounds.
It maintains law and order, supervises the functions of government servants and safeguards and maintains public property.
It deals with matters relating to disputes over property and small thefts. It tries to settle the disputes then and there.

Question 3.
Give the sources of income of a Village Panchayat.
Answer:
A Village Panchayat collects money from different sources for the development of its area. It gets money from taxes such as house tax and taxes on shops and fairs. Besides, it collects revenue from its property. It also gets some money in the forms of grants and loans (in case of need) from the State Government.

Question 4.
How is the Sarpanch of a Village Panchayat elected? Discuss any two of his functions.
Answer:
The Sarpanch of a Village Panchayat is elected directly by the voters of the village. In some states, he is elected by the Village Panchayat.

Functions:

The Sarpanch calls the meetings of the Village Panchayat.
He presides over the meetings of the Panchayat.

Question 5.
What is the importance of Village Panchayats?
Answer:
Village Panchayats perform an important role in their areas. They help the villagers in solving their basic problems and fulfill their needs. They also secure the villagers’ participation in the community development.

Question 6.
Discuss the main functions of the Gram Sabha.
Answer:
The main functions of the Gram Sabha are as follows :

The Gram Sabha elects the President (Sarpanch) and the Vice-President (Up-Sarpanch).
It elects members of Nyaya Panchayat.
It approves the annual budget of the Village Panchayat.
It decides policies for the development of its area.
It checks the accounts of Village Panchayat.

Question 7.
What is Federal form of government?
Answer:
In Federal form of government, Central government is there to run the administration of the country and State governments are there to run the administration of the states. Each state is further divided into different districts to run the administration at local level.

Question 8.
Describe three types of institutions of rural local self-government.
Answer:
There are three types of institutions of rural local self-government. At village level, Gram Panchayat is there. Panchayat Samiti is there at block level to check the development activities and other functions of gram panchayats of the block. At district level, Zila Parishad is there to check the activities of block samiti and village panchayats of the district.

Question 9.
Give in brief about reserved seats in rural local self-government.
Answer:
In 1992, 73rd constitutional amendment took place-in which some seats were kept reserved in rural local self- bodies. One third of the total seats (including S.C.’s and S.T.’s) are kept reserved for women. Seats are also kept reserved for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes on the basis of their population in total population of the area.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is a Panchayat Samiti? Discuss its functions and sources of income.
Answer:
A Panchayat Samiti is a link between Village Panchayat and Zila Parishad. It is elected for a group of 100 villages. It removes common problems of villages and works for the development of its block.

Functions: The main functions of a Panchayat Samiti are as ws:

It looks after the development of its area.
It provides quality seeds and manure to the farmers.
It encourages small scale industries in villages.
It builds bridges and link roads to join villages.
It provides Primary Health Centres in villages.
It supervises the developmental activities of Panchayats of its block.
It provides required information about Panchayats to Zila Parishad.
The activities which do not fall under the jurisdiction of Village Panchayats are also looked after by the Panchayat Samiti.

Sources of Income: Property tax, house tax, water tax and grants and loans from government are the main sources of income of a Panchayat Samiti.

Question 2.
Discuss the composition, functions and sources of income of a Zila Parishad.
Answer:
Zila Parishad’is also called Zila Panchayat. It is the third and highest institution of the Panchayati Raj System. It controls all Panchayat Samitis and Village Panchayats of the district. It acts as a link between rural local self-government and the State Government.

Composition: All the chairmen of Panchayat Samitis are members of Zila Parishad. Besides, the members of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, State Legislative Assembly and State Legislative Council of the area are also its members. Seats are also reserved for women, scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the Zila Parishad.

Members of Zila Parishad elect one Chairman and one Vice-Chairman among themselves.
Term: The normal term of a Zila Parishad is 5 years, but it can be dissolved earlier also.

Functions: Functions of a Zila Parishad are given below :

It advises, helps and co-ordinates the functioning of Panchayats and Panchayat Samitis.
It prepares plans for rural development of the district.
It advises and guides the State Government for the development of the district.
It settles disputes between Panchayats and Panchayat Samitis.

Sources of Income: The main sources of income of a Zila Parishad are grants from the Centre and State governments, a pa of land revenue, income from its property and taxes imposed bT

Question 3.
Write a short note on the changing face of villages in modern times.
Answer:
Our villages suffered from poverty, illiteracy, disease and superstitions before Independence. But the face of our villages has been changing since Independence. Today, in every village we see some progress and development.

Zamindari System has been abolished and the land has been given to the landless farmers.
Agricultural production has increased manifold. Farmers have now begun to use good quality seeds and fertilisers and agricultural machines. Agriculture universities have been set up to improve the condition of agriculture.
Schools and colleges have been opened. Children up to the age of fourteen are being imparted free education. Adult education centres have been established to educate the elderly illiterate citizens. Special facilities have been given to educate the women at village level.
Branches of banks have been opened. Villagers are provided loans at lower rate of interest.
Primary Health Centres have been opened almost in all the villages to provide medical aid to the villagers.
A large number of family planning centres have been opened to help reduce the growing population.
Almost all the villages have been provided with safe drinking water, irrigation facilities and electricity.
Efforts have been made to lay link roads for all villages to join them with the state highways.
Unemployed youths have been provided loans at lower rate of interest to discourage them to migrate to cities in search of employment.
Co-operative farming has been encouraged to improve the economic condition of villages.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software

October 11, 2024October 10, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Computer Book Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Hardware and Software Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2)

Computer Guide for Class 6 PSEB Hardware and Software Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
The computer is a combination of hardware and …………….
(a) Software
(b) Application
(c) Processor
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(a) Software

Question 2.
Set of instructions is called ……………..
(a) Software
(b) Hardware
(c) Program
(d) Application.
Answer:
(c) Program

Question 3.
Group of programs is called …………….
(a) Hardware
(b) Software
(c) Processor
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Software

Question 4.
Software is of types ………………
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5.
Answer:
(a) 2

Question 5.
Computer cannot work without ……………..
(a) Word
(b) Excel
(c) Operating System
(d) PowerPoint.
Answer:
(c) Operating System.

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Which part of CPU connects the other parts like Processor, Hard Disk, RAM etc. ?
Answer:
Motherboard.

Question 2.
What we call a set of instructions given to a computer ?
Answer:
Program.

Question 3.
Which part of computer cannot be touched but felt ?
Answer:
Software.

Question 4.
What are two types of Software ?
Answer:
The two types of software are : system software and application software.

Question 5.
Which type of softwares is more expensive ?
Answer:
System software are more expensive.

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is Hardware?
Answer:
The Physical components of a computer are called hardware. Each device in itself is a hardware. These devices are three-dimensional in nature, they can be touched and they have weight.

Question 2.
What is Software?
Answer:
Software is a set of instructions or programs which are used to make a computer functional. Physically software is a collection of programs. These programs are made for various purposes. This software is normally stored on a secondary storage device.

Question 3.
Write the name of devices which are connected with the motherboard.
Answer:
Devices connected to the motherboard are given below :

Hard Drive
Video Card
Processor
Fan
RAM
Power Supply
CD/DVD Drive

Question 4.
Give four examples of Hardware.
Answer:
Four examples of hardware are : Keyboard, Mouse, Central Processing Unit and Monitor.

Question 5.
What are the qualities or features of Software?
Answer:
Following are the main features of software :

Software have no weight.
We cannot touch software.
A software makes a hardware functional.
Software is stored on hardware.

Question 6.
Explain the important points for taking care of hardware.
Answer:
Following things should be kept in mind while using the hardware :

Keep all the parts of the computer clean.
Cover it after use.
Do not pull cables or computer parts.
Press keyboard keys gently.
Do not eat in the computer room.
Keep Hardware in the proper manner.
Keep your shoes outside the computer lab.
Handle different parts of the computer in a proper way.
Use soft cloth or a brush to clean the computer.
Do not clean the equipment while the computer is turned on.

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the difference between Application Software and System Software.
Answer:
The main differences between application software and system software are :

System Software:

It.is necessary for functioning of computer.
This software is complex in nature.
System software are costly.
This software is developed by highly experienced person only.
Computer cannot work without system software.
System software are bigger in size.
Examples of system software are : Operating Systems, Language translator etc.

Application Software:

Application software is not necessary for functioning of computer.
Application software is not as complex as system software.
Application software are not costly.
This software can be developed by experienced person.
Computer can work without application software.
Application software are normally smaller in size.
Examples of application software are : Word processor, Spread¬sheet, Graphic Solution etc.

Question 2.
Write a note on Hardware.
Answer:
Hardware are the physical components of a computer system. It includes all the physical components which can be touched and which can be seen. Examples of some hardware are keyboard, mouse, printer, monitor and CPU. Different types of hardware devices are used for different purposes :

Features of Hardware:
Following are the features of hardware :

Hardware can be touched and felt.
Hardware occupies space.
Hardware has weight.

There are different types of hardware used for computer systems :
1. System Unit:
The system unit is also known as the Central Processing Unit of computer system. This unit acts on the brain of the computer. It includes the essential components such as motherboard, processor, RAM, Hard Disk, CD ROM etc. Normally these devices are packed in a metallic or plastic case known as a system case or cabinet.

2. Motherboard:
Motherboard is a board which holds all the components together. This board is also known as a printed circuit board. All the components of the computer system are connected to this directly or using some wire.

The main components that are (Connected to the motherboard are :
(а) Hard Drive : Hard drive or hard disk is the main storage device of a computer. It is used to store data permanently the main software like operating systems are also placed on this hard disk.

(b) Video Card : This card is used to display the output properly on a monitor.

(c) Processor : Processor processes all the instructions given to the computer. It performs all the Arithmetic and logical unit operations. It controls all the activities of the computer also.

(d) Fan : The computer gets heated when it is used. So a fan is placed in the CPU to keep it cool.

(e) RAM : RAM is the primary memory of computers. It is also known as Random Access Memory. All the data and instructions are loaded in this
memory before processing. This memory is a volatile type of memory. It means the data gets lost when the computer is switched off. The computer cannot work without Random Access Memory.

(f) Power Supply : This unit is responsible for giving power to all the components of the computer.
(g) CD/DVD : This device is used to play, read and record the data and instructions on CD or DVD.

Group Activity

1. Put the following terms into their relevant type:
Floppy Disk
MS Word
MS Paint
Monitor
Keyboard

Answer:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software - 15

Hard Disk
CD
Mouse
MS Excel
Operating System
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software - 7
Answer:

Question 2.
Take the students to computer lab in a group. Make a list of hardware and software parts present in the lab. Put a tick before the parts which are present in your lab given in a list below:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software - 11
Answer:
The answers of this activity are based on a normal computer lab in the schools.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Guide Hardware and Software Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Physical components of Computer are called ……………
(a) Hardware
(b) Software
(c) Liveware
(d) System.
Answer:
(a) Hardware

Question 2.
…………… cannot he touched …………….
(a) Hardware
(b) Software
(c) Liveware
(d) System.
Answer:
(b) Software

Question 3.
Computer can operate without software ……………
(a) System
(b) Application
(c) Word
(d) Notepad.
Answer:
(b) Application

Question 4.
System software is of types …………….
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 1.
Answer:
(a) 2.

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Name the two types of software.
Answer:
System Software and Application Software.

Question 2.
Which part connects all the Internal parts of Computer ?
Answer:
Motherboard.

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Discuss the features of Hardware.
Answer:

Following are the features of hardware :

Hardware can be touched and felt.
Hardware occupies space.
Hardware has weight.

Question 1.
What System Unit?
Answer:
The system unit is also known as the Central Processing Unit of computer system. This unit acts as the brain of the computer. It includes the essential components such as motherboard, processor, RAM, hard disk, CD-ROM etc. Normally these devices are packed in a metallic or plastic case known as a system case or cabinet.

Question 2.
What is System Software ?
Answer:
System software can be defined as a set of programs which are necessary for functioning of the computer itself. This program directly contacts the computer hardware and gets the work done from that hardware. Without a system software computer cannot work. System software helps to read the data from input devices and transfer the processed information to output devices. This software acts like a computer manager of computer.

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain different types of Software.
Answer:
Softwares are of two types:

System software
Application Software

System Software:
System Software is defined as a collection of programs that controls the overall operation and internal working of the computer system. It reads data from input devices and transfers the processed information to output devices. It works like a manager. It is an important part of computer. A Computer can never be used without System Softwares. e.g. Operating System, Utility Program, Language Translator. It is difficult to design system software. System Softwares are developed by experts only
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software - 4

Application Software:
These type of software are used for some particular operations. There are several types of Application softwares available now a days. Each one of them are having their own application areas. These type of softwares can be used for beautifying the documents, making calculations, arranging data in an organized way. System software is the need of every computer but application software can be different for different computers. It is an non-essential part of computer hence it depends upon the need of the user. These are also called general purpose software. e.g. Spread Sheet Software, Word Processor, Graphic Software
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software - 5

Question 2.
What is Motherboard ? Explain its parts.
Answer:
Motherboard : The motherboard is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) which is used to connect all the internal parts of computer. We can see a motherboard in the diagram shown below:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Hardware and Software - 3

Some of the components that are connected with motherboard are:

Hard Drive : Hard drive Or Hard Disk is the main storage media device that permanently stores all data on the computer.
Video Card : The video card is a device in a computer that outputs visual information to the monitor.
Processor : Processor carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetical, logical, control operations of the system.
FAN : Every computer has a cooling fan designed primarily to prevent the CPU from overheating.
RAM : Ram is known as Random Access Memory. This is a Main Memory of Computer which is considered as Primary memory. All the data and instructions are loaded in this primary area of computer before processing. This memory is volatile and all information that was stored in this memory is lost when the computer is turned off.
Power Supply : The component that supplies power to a computer.
CD/DVD : A disc that store large amounts of data.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2)

October 11, 2024October 10, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Computer Book Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Computer Science Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2)

Computer Guide for Class 6 PSEB MS Paint (Part-2) Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
The clipboard menu has three options—Cut, Copy and …………..
(a) Paste
(b) Move
(c) Close
(d) Zoom
Answer:
(a) Paste

Question 2.
The top button, a diamond shape with a line through it is …………..
(a) Paste
(b) Cut
(c) Copy
(d) Crop.
Answer:
(d) Crop

Question 3.
The ………….. tool can be used to draw pentagon.
(a) Triangle
(b) Rectangle
(c) Pentagon
(d) Hexagon
Answer:
(c) Pentagon

Question 4.
The Eraser tool erase the part of a picture with the ………….. button of the mouse pressed.
(a) Left
(b) Right
(c) Scroll
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Left

Question 5.
Color 2 is used if we press with the mouse button.
(a) Left
(b) Right
(c) Scroll
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Right.

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Which tool is used to draw a Square ?
Answer:
Rectangle tool.

Question 2.
Which tool can be used to erase a part of picture ?
Answer:
Eraser.

Question 3.
Which tool allows us for zoom-in our picture ?
Answer:
Zoom.

Question 4.
Which tool is used for free-hand writing ?
Answer:
Pencil.

Question 5.
Which tool can be used to write text in our drawing ?
Answer:
Text tool.

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the options available in the Clipboard Menu ?
Answer:
The options available in clipboard menu are : cut, copy and paste.

Question 2.
Write about Crop option.
Answer:
The Crop option is used to crop or cut a part of a picture. The crop button is a diamond shape with the line at the top type button. This button helps us to crop our picture to the selected area only.

Question 3.
Write the name of tools available in Tools Menu.
Answer:
Following tools are available in MS Paint tool menu :

Pencil
Filled with color
Text tool
Eraser
Color picker
The magnifier.

Question 4.
What is size tool ?
Answer:
The size tool allows the user to select the width of a brush or a shape. This tool is active only when a brush or shape is chosen. After selecting a brush or shape the user can shape the brush.

Question 5.
Write about brushes.
Answer:
Brushes are like order brushes. They give the same effect as the ordinary brushes give. There are different types of brushes available in MS Paint. The width of Brush can be changed with size tool.

Question 6.
Give the name of groups present there in the home tab ribbon.
Answer:
Calling groups are available in home tab ribbon :

Clipboard
Image
Tools
Brushes
Shapes
Size
Color.

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the color tool of MS Paint.
Answer:
The Color section of the ribbon has three parts :

Boxes; showing the active colors-Color 1 and Color 2
The Color Palette
The Edit Colors button.

1. Color Box :
Color 1 : Color 1 is the Foreground Color and is always black when we open Paint.
Color 2 : Color 2 is the Background Color and is always white when we open Paint.

2. The Color Palette :
The two top lines of the Color Palette show all the colors available. Whenever we are making a picture. The line of blank squares at the bottom shows those colors we have edited during our work. Once Paint is closed, the edited colors vanish away.

3. Edit Colors :
The Edit Colors button takes us into the Edit Colors dialog box. We can click any color on an extended palette and click the Add to Custom Colors button.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 4
Here only one color will be added to the squares under the palette. To add more colors, we must return to the dialog box and add them one at a time.

Question 2.
What is Text Tool ? How to Format the text ?
Answer:
The Text tool is used to insert any text :
To begin inserting text, click on the text tool. Our cursor will change to an insertion bar. With this cursor we can draw the required size of area for texts. We must not click anywhere outside that area until our text is final from all aspects. When we are using the Text Tool then the Text Toolbar starts appearing.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 15

Formatting the Text :

Select the text we have typed.
Click the down arrow at the end of the Font Name box, so that a list of fonts drops down.
Run your cursor-without pressing any mouse buttons—up and down in the font list. As we do this, the appearance of the text we have typed will change accordingly. When we like what we see, click on the name of that font.
The font list will close.
We can repeat this process with the Font Size list also.
We can also click the Background from Transparent to Opaque or vice versa.
We can change both Color 1 and Color 2.

We can also type text in different colors, fonts and size, in the same text box. When we are making changes, only selected text will be affected. When we have completed editing of text, we can click anywhere outside of your text box. After clicking away from the text box, the Text Toolbar disappears and the text becomes part of our picture. Now, it cannot be edited in any way.

Activity

Name the following tools :
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 13
Answer:

Pencil
Fill with Color
Text
Eraser
Color Picker
Magnifier.

Name the following Shapes:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 14
Answer:

Triangle
Rectangle
Oval
Pentagon
Hexagon
Diamond.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Guide MS Paint (Part-2) Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Home tab ribbon is below ………….
(a) Menu Bar
(b) Status Bar
(c) Work Area
(d) Scroll Bar.
Answer:
(a) Menu Bar

Question 2.
…………. is used to earse image
(a) Color
(b) Select
(c) Eraser
(d) Pencil.
Answer:
(c) Eraser

Question 3.
Crop button is of shape ………….
(a) Diamond
(b) Pentagon
(c) Square
(d) Rectangle
Answer:
(a) Diamond

Question 4.
Pentagon has ……………… sides.
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 6
Answer:
(c) 5

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What options are available in clipboard ?
Answer:
Cut, Copy and Paste.

Question 2.
What options are available in Selection ?
Answer:
Crop, Resize and Rotate Flip.

Question 3.
What do you mean by Fill with Colour ?
Answer:
A closed region can be filled with some colour using Fill with colour command.

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
When we need free form selection ?
Answer:
Free form selection is used when we have to select a region without selecting shapes around this region.

Question 2.
Write about crop option ?
Answer:
The top most button in selection option is crop button. It is used to cut the image as per requirement.

Question 3.
What does Invert Colour option do ?
Answer:
Invert colour option helps to create white text in black coloured marks. With this the text look beautiful.

Question 4.
How does pencil tool work ?
Answer:
Pencil tool is used to draw free hand lines. It can also be used to edit text in zoomed position.

Question 5.
Write about magnifier tool.
Answer:
Magnifier tool is used to zoom in the picture. The picture can be view from near using this tool.

Question 6.
What is Home Tab Ribbon ?
Answer:
Home Tab Ribbon is main ribbon in MS Paint. It is available below the menu bar. It contains group clip board, images, tools, brushes, shapes, size and color.

Question 7.
What are the parts of Home Tab Ribbon ?
Answer:
The main parts of Home tab ribbon are clipboard, images, tools, brushes, size and color menu. . .

Question 8.
Name the tools available in Tools Menu.
Answer:
Following tools are available in tools menu:

Pencil
Fill with color
Text tool
Eraser
Color Picker
Magnifier
Brushes.

Question 9.
What is size tool?
Answer;
Size tool is that tool which is used to change the size of brush.

Question 10.
What are brushes?
Answer:
Brushes are used to draw brush like effects in the drawing. They can be of varied width.

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain View Tab Ribbon ?
Answer:
The following section explains the View Tab Ribbon. It has three main options: Zoom, Show or hide and Display. Zooming in and out can be used alone or in conjunction with the Zoom Tool on the Ribbon or the slider on the Status Bar. Zoom in and Zoom out tools can be clicked repeatedly to get a closer or more distant view. The 100% option brings us back to normal view of the picture.

Zoom:
Zooming in and out can be used alone or in conjunction with the Zoom Tool on the Ribbon or the slider on the Status Bar. Zoom in and Zoom out tools can be clicked repeatedly to get a closer or more distant view. The 100% option brings us back to normal view of the picture.

Show or Hide:
This portion of the View Tab Ribbon includes:

The Show or Hide option for the status bar. The status bar is very useful while drawing pictures precisely.
Gridlines are convenient if we want to align shapes accurately.
Rulers can be turned on or off as per our requirement.

Display:
On the Display section, we can click for Full Screen View. We can also get a Full Screen View by hitting F11. We can come back to a normal view by pressing the Esc key.

Thumbnail is active only when we are zoomed in. It helps us seeing how changes, we have made are affecting our picture in normal view.

Question 2.
Explain color section on Home Tab Ribbon.
Answer:
The Color section of the ribbon has three parts: Boxes; showing the active colors-Color 1 and Color2, the Color Palette and the Edit Colors button

The Color Boxes:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 1
Color 1 is the Foreground Color and is always black when we open Paint.
Color 2 is the Background Color and is always white when we open Paint.

The Color Palette : The two top lines of the Color Palette show all the colors available whenever we are making a picture. The line of blank squares at the bottom shows those colors, we have edited during our work. Once Paint is closed, the edited colors vanish away.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 2
Edit Colors :
The Edit Colors button takes us into the Edit Colors dialogue box

The Edit Colors dialogue box is shown in figure below:

Here we can click any color on an extended palette and click the Add to Custom Colors button. Here only one color will be added to the squares under the palette. To add more colors, we must return to the dialogue box and add them one at a time.

Question 3.
Write about resize and skew options.
Answer:
Resize and Skew :
The second small button to the right of the large Select button will open the Resize and Skew dialogue as shown in figure below.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 5

Resize :
We can quickly resize a selection by dragging any of the little blocks-or handles-on the selection rectangle. However, if we want the size adjustment to be precise, we must use the Resize and Skew dialogue box. When we click the Resize icon, the dialog box appears as shown in figure below.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 6
Only the top half of this dialogue is concerned with resizing

Note : While the option Maintain aspect ratio is checked, whatever we type into the Horizontal slot will be repeated in Vertical and our selection will stay exactly in proportion. We can remove the check if we want the selection to be fatter or thinner.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 7

Skew : The bottom part of the Resize and Skew dialogue box allow us to skew our selection. When we use this option, it makes our selection include a lot of border area to avoid having part of the picture cut off. If this does happen, click Undo and make a wider selection before trying again.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 8
This blue box is skewed 20 degrees horizontally. We can skew a selection both horizontally and vertically

Question 4.
Explain Shapes in detail.
Answer:
In the Shapes Gallery several tools like Rectangles, Rounded Rectangles Ellipses and Freehand Polygons, the Line Tool and the Curved Line Tool can be seen. There are number of other shapes such as arrows, speech balloons, various stars and others are also included.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 9
We can open the Shapes Gallery by clicking the down arrow under the Shapes picture and click the shape we want to draw,

1. Straight Lines : Straight lines can be drawn while the left mouse button is pressed and will usç Color 1. these drawn with the right button will use Color 2. Line wifl be perfectly straight, If we hold down the Shift key while drawing a line. Ellipses, Rectangles, Circles and Squares If we want to draw an exact shape such as a square or a circle, hold the Shift key while we draw.

2. Curved Lines : Click the Curved Line button to draw a curve. Click the Outline button and choose Solid Color or a texture of your choice. Then click under the Size picture and choose a line thickness.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 11

Ellipses, Rectangles, Circles and Squares : If we want to draw an exact shape such as a square or a circle, hold the Shift key while we draw.

Freehand Polygons : To draw a freehand polygon, click the Polygon button in the gallery. Hold a mouse button down and draw the first line of the polygon. Then release your mouse button and click where you want the next line to end. Keep clicking end points until you want the last line to finish the shape, then double click
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 5 MS Paint (Part-2) - 12

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint

October 11, 2024October 10, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Computer Book Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction To Ms Paint Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Computer Science Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint

Computer Guide for Class 6 PSEB Introduction to MS Paint Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
The bar is present at the top of the paint window.
(a) Title Bar
(b) Status Bar
(c) Scroll Bar
(d) Task Bar
Answer:
(a) Title bar

Question 2.
toolbar present in title bar by default. Its position can be changed either to below or above the ribbon.
(a) Quick access bar
(b) Status Bar
(c) Scroll Bar
(d) All of these
Answer:
(a) Quick access bar

Question 3.
The first on the left of the Menu Bar is the …………. Button.
(a) Paint
(b) Help
(c) Close
(d) Minimize
Answer:
(a) Paint

Question 4.
Scroll Bar is used to move the screen. It is of ………….. types.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Answer:
(a) 2

Question 5.
With the help of option we can Save a Copy of picture with another file name.
(a) Save as
(b) Open
(c) New
(d) Exit.
Answer:
(a) Save as

2. Write the Shortcut Keys for following

To create a NEW file ……………………
To OPEN an existing file ……………………
To SAVE a file ……………………
To PRINT a file ……………………
UNDO ……………………
REDO or REPEAT ……………………

Answer:

Control + N
Control + O
Control + S
Control + P
Control + Z
Control + Y.

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is paint?
Answer:
Paint is an application software developed by Microsoft. It is used to draw paintings and shapes especially by children. It is provided free of cost by Microsoft with Microsoft Windows.

Question 2.
How to start the MS Paint?
Answer:
Paint can be started by clicking on the start button and then going to programs -> accessories and then clicking Microsoft paint.

Question 3.
Write the names of parts of windows of paint.
Answer:
The different parts of paint window are :

Title bar
Menu bar
Ribbon
Quick access bar
Work area
Scroll bar.

Question 4.
What is work area?
Answer:
Work area is a white area in the middle of the paint window. This area is used for drawing purposes. All the drawing work and shapes are drawn in this area. Whatever is placed in this area can be saved in an image file.

Question 5.
Explain the use of Save Command.
Answer:
The save command is used to save the drawing prepared by the user. It saves the drawing as an image file in various formats.

Question 6.
What are the types of scroll bars ?
Answer:
There are two types of scroll bars:

Horizontal scroll bar
Vertical scroll bar.

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is Quick Access Toolbar? Explain its parts.
Answer:
Quick access toolbar is a toolbar present in the title bar of the paint window. By default this bar contains save undo, redo and customise quick access bar commands. This command can be changed as per requirement. This bar can also be moved from the title bar to below the ribbon. To move the quick access toolbar below the ribbon, the customise quick access toolbar button is clicked. After clicking the button the command shown below the Ribbon is clicked , to display the quick access bar below the ribbon. The user can also click on the various commands given in this menu to display them on the quick access toolbar.

Question 2.
Define Home Tab Ribbon.
Answer:
Home Tab Ribbon :
All tools, shapes, colour palette and most of the commands are grouped together in the ribbon except Save, Undo and Redo commands which are shown at title bar or in the Quick Access Toolbar. Drop down arrows below each item in the ribbon will give us other options for the tool. Most of the tools used for drawing or other tasks are present in Home Tab Ribbon. There is also an option to minimize the ribbon. If we choose this, the ribbon disappears entirely, but pops into view if you click on the Home tab.

Activity

Let’s revise what we have studied. Write the name of Parts of Microsoft Paint Window.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint - 10
Answer:

PSEB 6th Class Computer Guide Introduction to MS Paint Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Scroll bar is of ………… types
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4.
Answer:
(b) 2

Question 2.
Drawing is made in ………….
(a) Ribbon
(b) Tab
(c) Work Area
(d) Title bar.
Answer:
(c) Work Area

Question 3.
………….. is at the top of Paint Window.
(a) Status bar
(b) Title bar
(c) Menu bar
(d) Ribbon.
Answer:
(b) Title bar

Question 4.
Commands are in …………… button.
(a) Minimize
(b) Paint
(c) Close
(d) Status bar.
Answer:
(b) Paint

2. Write the Full Forms

1. For Help
2. Close Paint.
Answer:
1. F1
2. Alt + F4.

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is Quick Access Toolbar?
Answer:
Quick access toolbar is that toolbar which contains most frequently used commands.

Question 2.
Which option is used to remove commands from quick access toolbar?
Answer:
Remove from Quick Access Toolbar.

Question 3.
What is paint button?
Answer:
The button which is on left side of File Menu is called Paint button. It contains various commands.

Question 4.
For what purpose scroll bar is used?
Answer:
Scroll bar is used to scroll the work area in Paint window.

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is Paint button ? Explain Commands in it.
Answer:
Paint Button :
This Button appeared at the beginning of Menu bar. When we click on this button and the following Menu Appears.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint - 1
Here we can see some new commands which are discussed in table shown below:

Question 2.
What is status bar ? Explain its parts.
Answer:
The Status Bar is present at the bottom of the Paint Window. It gives information and current status of our drawing. We’ll look at its features from left to right.

Cursor Position : It gives the Cursor Position, which is helpful when we want to position any picture precisely
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint - 3
Selection Size : It shows the size of a selection we are making or size of an object we are drawing.

Image Size : It shows the size of our entire picture, even if the picture is very large and is not visible completely in the window. If we have not changed the units in the Properties dialogue box, the measurement will be displayed in pixels. We can change the measurement to inches or centimetres.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint - 5
Disk Size : Once we have saved our picture, this option will show the size or drawingon Disk. If paint window is very small, this figure might not be shown.

Zoom Slider : The Zoom Slider is convenient if we are working in a zoomed-in view and want to zoom out. However, we cannot zoom in on a particular spot, as we can do with the Magnifier
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint - 7

Question 3.
How the work is saved in Paint ?
Answer:
It is good to save our picture as soon as we begin to work. We must click on the Save button on the Quick Access Toolbar every few minutes. This prevents loss of work if the program closes unexpectedly, as in a power failure. When we click the Save for the first time, we will find a dialogue box where we have to type a name for the picture. Type a desired name in the file name text box and click the Save button.

Save as:
With the help of Save as option we can Save a Copy of picture with another file name. Go to the Paint button and open the menu.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Introduction to MS Paint - 8
Click Save as

In the dialogue box, just change the existing name then click the Save button.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers

October 11, 2024October 10, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Computer Book Solutions Chapter 3 Basics of Working with Computers Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Computer Science Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers

Computer Guide for Class 6 PSEB Basics Of Working With Computers Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Screen appeared after login of Computer is called:
(a) Start Menu
(b) Desktop
(c) Taskbar
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Desktop

Question 2.
All the Deleted files go to?
(a) My Computer
(b) Network
(c) Recycle bin
(d) All of above.
Answer:
(c) Recycle bin

Question 3.
Which part of window remains visible all the time when we use other applications?
(a) Recycle bin
(b) Desktop
(c) Taskbar
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Taskbar

Question 4.
Which one is an example of Operating System?
(a) Windows
(b) Android.
(c) DOS
(d) Ail of above.
Answer:
(d) All of adove

Question 5.
To open a file we can double click on:
(a) File itself
(b) Shortcut of file
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

2. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the name of any three window applications.
Answer:
The three window based applications are:

Notepad
Wordpad
Calculator.

Question 2.
Write the name of any three Icons.
Answer:
The names of three icons are:

My computer
Network
Recycle Bin

Question 3.
Write the names of components of a Desktop.
Answer:
The Components of Desktop are icon, taskbar and wallpaper.

Question 4.
What is Desktop?
Answer:
Desktop is a screen which is displayed on the monitor after the user logs in to the computer. It is just like the dashboard of the computer. It may contain an icon on Taskbar and wallpaper.

3. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is Operating System? Explain different types of Operating Systems.
Answer:
Operating system is a system software without which a computer cannot work. IT acts as an interface between the hardware and the user. Each computer has an operating system installed on it. Operating system is displayed in the form of screens, menus, dialogue box, icons and widgets etc.

Definition of Operating System:
An Operating System is an interface between a computer user and computer hardware. It makes computer hardware work by controlling all the internal processes of the computer. There are many types of operating system. Each operating system is developed for different types of machines. Each operating system has a different set of commands and it understands the machine architecture very well.

1. Windows:
Windows is an operating system developed by Microsoft. It. is a graphical user interface. It means it is easy to work with pointing devices such as mice in windows. Most of the computers in this world are using windows operating systems. Everything is displayed in a rectangular frame on the screen in this operating system. That is by which operating system is named as windows. It is the most popular operating system in the world.

2. DOS:
DOS stands for Disc Operating System. This operating system is also developed by Microsoft. It is a character user interface operating system. This operating system is not very powerful. The user types commands to instruct the computer. This operating system was used on computers with small memory and low speed hardware. The user has to remember a lot of commands to work in it. That is why it was difficult to work in this operating system. Also the user cannot do a variety of work simultaneously in this operating system.

3. Android:
The Android operating system is one of the latest operating systems in digital word. It is the operating system which is used in mobile phones. This operating system was developed by Google. This operating system is developed for devices which have touchscreen in them. It provides a very beautiful and convenient interface which can be used by finger touch. The user can do the tasks like pinching, swiping and typing. Now the Android operating system is also used in televisions, cars, wrist watches and many other digital devices. Each of these devices have different user interfaces.

Question 2.
What is a Taskbar ? Explain the functions of its parts.
Answer:
Taskbar is located at the bottom of the screen. This bar is a part of the Operating System. It allows us to start a program using the Start menu. This bar always remains visible during working in any application. We can navigate through Active programs using the taskbar. The area on the right side of the taskbar is called “Notification Area”. This area allows us to check date and time, items running in the background etc.

The taskbar was first introduced with Microsoft Windows 95 and is found in all subsequent versions of Windows. We can have a look of taskbar and its all parts as under :
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers - 2
All these parts of the taskbar are having their own functions. Let’s discuss the use of each one of them. It. has a logo of windows on it. It is the first item on Taskbar. Its icon is :

Start Button : We can start any application and program with the help of the Start button.
Quick Launch Bar : This section of the taskbar enables us to launch programs without locating them from the Start menu. It is located next to the Start button.
System Tray : It is located at the right side of Taskbar. It contains miniature icons for easy access to system functions such as fax, printer, modem, volume etc.
Notification Area : This area is a part of the taskbar that provides notifications and status of devices. It can also be used to display icons for system and program features that are not on the desktop.
Clock : At the end of taskbar, Clock is displayed where Current Time and Date can be seen. We can change Time and Date by clicking on it. It requires Administration access to change the Time or Date.
Active Programs : This area of taskbar is between quick access bar and System Tray area. In this area of taskbar, all the active programs appeared as an icon and we can easily navigate among them.

Question 3.
What do you mean by Icon ? Explain any three Desktop Icons.
Answer:
Icons are the small pictures on the desktop. These icons represent a file or a program or folder on the computer. The user has to click on this icon to open.dat file or program. The following types of icons are available on Windows desktop.

1. My Computer:
This icon is used to assess the hard disc of the computer. This icon opens a window on the computer screen which displays all the hard disks attached to the computer and other removable media such as pen drives or CDs. The user can work in this window, no

2. Network:
This icon is used to connect to the network location attached to this computer system. This icon is used when the computer is connected to a local area. This icon displays icons of all the computer systems which are connected to users’ computers through Local area networks. The user can go to the other computer and work on files.

3. Recycle Bin:
Recycle Bin is a folder which works like a dustbin. In this folder contains all the deleted files folder icons on the computer. When anything is not required on the computer system the user can delete that item. That item is shifted to the recycle bin folder. If the user deletes an item accidentally he can restore that item from the recycle bin.

Question 4.
Explain the different options of shutting down a Computer System. ’
Answer:
Windows provide following shutting down options:
1. Sleep:
Sleep means letting the computer system to sleep without shutting it down. This option menu can be used when we want to leave a computer for some time. During this mode, the power of Monitor/LCD gets OFF and all your data is kept safe. When we put a computer into sleep mode then its power remains ON and its power light starts blinking. This blinking Red-Colour LED on the CPU shows that the computer is in sleep Mode. We can press the power button to resume the computer from this mode.

2. Shut Down:
Shut down means stopping all the processes which the computer is running.This option of Power menu can be used when we have finished all our work. When we shut-down a computer, all parts of computer systems are turned off and no power remains active in the Computer System. We can switch off the main power-supply of the computer when it is shut down. This process can take some time and we must wait till it is over. This process may take time according to the size of data being used and number of programs currently running.

3. Log Off:
Logging off means the process of disconnecting the current user from working and taking the user to the login screen. Windows 7 allows us to access a computer differently among users. We can keep our data secure from other users with the help of user accounts in it. If we have finished our work and want to leave a computer but another user is there to access the same computer for own work in a different user account then we can use the Log-off option of Power Menu.

4. Restart:
Restart means shutting down the computer and then starting it again by the computer itself. This option of power menu can be used when any new program is installed or any updation in the system is done. Sometimes when a new device or hardware is attached to the computer, it is required to restart our computer. In such a case, we can use the restart option of the Power menu to shut down our computer and start it again. When the restart button is pressed then the computer automatically gets started after being shut-down.

Activity
Name the Following Icons:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers - 1
Answer:

Notepad
MS Paint
Calculator
My Computer
Network
Recycle bin
Start button.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Guide Basics of Working with Computers Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
The Primary screen (first to open) of computer is called
(a) My Network
(b) Icon
(c) Desktop
(d) Recycle Bin.
Answer:
(c) Desktop

Question 2.
The bar lying at the bottom of the desktop is called
(a) Title Bar
(b) Status Bar
(c) Task Bar
(d) Scroll Bar.
Answer:
(c) Task Bar

Question 3.
The bar present at the top of the window is called
(a) Title Bar
(b) Status Bar
(c) Task Bar
(d) Scroll Bar.
Answer:
(a) Title Bar

Question 4.
Deleted files go to
(a) My Network
(b) My Documents
(c) My Computer
(d) Recycle Bin.
Answer:
(d) Recycle Bin

Question 5.
button is used to close the window.
(a) Minimize
(b) Maximize
(c) Close
(d) Start.
Answer:
(c) Close.

2. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is operating system ?
Answer:
Operating system is an interface between user and computer.

Question 2.
What is windows ?
Answer:
Windows is an operating system of Microsoft company.

Question 3.
What is Windows Desktop ?
Answer:
The basic screen of computer is called desktop. It is seen after booting of windows. All the programs in windows are run with the help of desktop. The on-screen work area on which windows, icons, menus, and dialog boxes appear.

Question 4.
What are Icons ? Name any three types of Icons.
Answer:
A small image displayed on the screen to represent an object that can be manipulated by the user. Icons serve as visual mnemonics and allow the user to control certain computer actions without having to remember commands or type them at the keyboard.

Three Types if Icons are:

My Computer
My Document
Recycle Bin

Question 5.
Name different components of windows.
Answer:

Title Bar
Menu Bar
Scroll Bar
Minimize Button
Maximize Button
Close Button.

Question 6.
Write down about Show Desktop button on Taskbar.
Answer:
Desktop is the first screen displayed when you start your computer. Icons, menus, dialog boxes, start button and taskbar are the part of desktop screen.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain Taskbar.
Answer:
Taskbar is located at the bottom of the screen. This bar is a part of the Operating System. It allows us to start a program using the Start menu. This bar always remains visible during working in any application. We can navigate through Active programs using the taskbar. The area on the right side of the taskbar is called “Notification Area”. This area allows us to check date and time, items running in the background etc.

The taskbar was first introduced with Microsoft Windows 95 and is found in all subsequent versions of Windows. We can have a look of taskbar and it’s all parts as under:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers - 2
All these parts of the taskbar are having their own functions. Let’s discuss the use of each one of them. It has a logo of windows on it. It is the first item on Taskbar. Its icon is :

(i) Start Button : We can start any application and program with the help of the Start button.

(ii) Quick Launch Bar : This section of the taskbar enables us to launch
programs without locating them from the Start menu. It is located next to the Start button. –

(iii) System Tray : It is located at the right side of Taskbar. It contains miniature icons for easy access to system functions such as fax, printer,
modem, volume etc.

(iv) Notification Area : This area is a part of the taskbar that provides notifications and status of devices. It can also be used to display icons for system and program features that are not on the desktop.

(v) Clock : At the end of taskbar, Clock is displayed where Current Time and Date can be seen. We can change Time and Date by clicking on it. It requires Administration access to change the Time or Date.

(vi) Active Programs : This area of taskbar is between quick access bar and System Tray area. In this area of taskbar, all the active programs appeared as an icon and we can easily navigate among them.

Question 2.
What do you mean by Recycle Bin ?
Answer:
Icons are the small pictures on the desktop. These icons represent a file or a program or folder on the computer. The user has to click on this icon to open.dat file or program. The following types of icons are available on Windows desktop.

1. My Computer : This icon is used to assess the hard disc of the computer. This icon opens a window on the computer screen which displays all the hard disks attached to the computer and other removable media such as pen drives or CDs. The user can work in this window.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers - 3

2. Network : This icon is used to connect to the network location attached to this computer system. This icon is used when the computer is connected to a local area. This icon displays icons of all the computer systems which are connected to users’ computers through Local area networks. The user can go to the other computer and work on files.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers - 4

3. Recycle Bin : Recycle Bin is a folder which works like a dustbin. In this folder contains all the deleted files, folder, icons on the computer. When anything is not required on the computer system the user can delete that item. That item is shifted to the recycle bin folder. If the user deletes an item accidentally he can restore that item from the recycle bin.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers - 5

4. Users File : This icon is used to assess the current user data. Thus it can hold all the default locations for the different types of files. It may include my documents, my pictures, my videos desktop etc. The name of this icon changes as per the user logged in.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Basics Of Working With Computers - 6

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components

October 11, 2024October 10, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Computer Book Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Computer Science Chapter 2 Computer Components

Computer Guide for Class 6 PSEB Computer Components Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Which part of the computer system accepts input from the user?
(a) Input Unit
(b) Output Unit
(c) Control Unit
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Input Unit

Question 2.
Which is a part of the CPU?
(a) Control Unit
(b) Memory Unit
(c) ALU
(d) All of above
Answer:
(d) All of above

Question 3.
Which memory stores permanent data in computer system ?
(a) Primary Memory
(b) RAM
(c) Secondary Memory
(d) All of above.
Answer:
(c) Secondary Memory

Question 4.
Which is a most powerful type of computer ?
(a) Mainframe Computer
(b) Mini Computer
(c) Micro Computer
(d) Super Computer.
Answer:
(d) Super Computer

Question 5.
Which part of computer system gives result as an output to the user ? ‘
(a) Memory
(b) Input Unit
(c) Control Unit
(d) Output Unit.
Answer:
(d) Output Unit.

2. Write the Full Forms

Question 1.
ALU?
Answer:
ALU – Arithmetic and LgicaI Unit.

Question 2.
CPU?
Answer:
CPU – Central Processing Unit

Question 3.
LCD?
Answer:
LCD – liquid Crystal Display

Question 4.
RAM?
Answer:
RAM – Randoni Access Memory

Question 5.
ROM?
Answer:
ROM – Read Only Memory

Question 6.
CU?
Answer:
CU – Central Unit

Question 7.
MU?
Answer:
MU – Memory Unit

Question 8.
IPO?
Answer:
IPO – Input Processing Output.

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the name of parts of CPU.
Answer:
The names of three parts of CPU are :

Input Unit
Processing Unit
Output Unit.

Question 2.
What are the types of memories ?
Answer:
The types of memories are :

Primary Memory
Secondary Memory

Question 3.
What are Secondary Storage Devices ?
Answer:
Secondary storage devices are the devices which are not directly accessible by CPU. These are used to store the data and instructions for a long time. These devices are magnetic and optical in nature. The storage capacity of these devices is more than primary memory. They have less cost and speed than primary memory.

Question 4.
What is the function of ALU ?
Answer:
The functions of ALU are to perform arithmetic and logical units. All the calculations are done by this part of the CPU. This part is also responsible for making comparisons.

Question 5.
What is Micro-Computer?
Answer:
Micro computers are used computers which use microprocessors as CPU. Micro or personal computers are the most common computers. These are the computers which are used in homes, schools and offices. These computers are small in size and the cost of this computer is very less.

Question 6.
What are different categories of Computers ?
Answer:
The different categories of computers are:

Microcomputer
Mini Computer
Mainframe Computer
Supercomputer

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What do you mean by Block Diagram of Computer ? Define its Components.
Answer:
Block Diagram of Computer is a Graphical representation of various steps involved in working of computers. The main parts shown in this block diagram are Input Unit, Processing Unit and Output Unit. The Processing Unit is divided into three parts namely Memory Unit, Control Unit and Arithmetic Logic Unit.
The Central Processing Unit of a computer system is divided into three parts.

Memory Unit
Control Unit
Arithmetic and Logical Unit

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components - 4

1. Memory Unit:
This unit is also known as storage unit. This unit holds the data and instruction in it. It can store data and instruction temporary and permanently. Many types of memories are used in this unit for special purposes. These memories vary in size, storage capacity, nature of operation, speed and cost.

2. Control Unit:
Control Unit is meant for controlling all the activities of the computer. This unit works as the brain of a computer. It performs all the operations given in the form of instructions. It also controls the functioning of other components of the computer. It controls both input and output units also.

3. Arithmetic and Logical Unit:
This is the third part of the Central Processing Unit. This unit is related to performing all the arithmetic and logical operations. A lot of calculations are done by computer in each type of work. All these calculations are done by this unit of CPU. Part of Central Processing Unit is integrated within the processor.

Question 2.
How Computer Works ? Explain each term in detail.
Answer:
The process of processing the data is called the processing cycle of a computer. It is the way of processing within a computer system. Three Steps are Involved in this cycle.

1. Input:
This part is related with input of data and instruction. Computers cannot work without proper input. To enter the necessary data and instructions in the computer input unit is required. Man can enter the data and instruction in its own language and that is converted into computer languages by this input unit. There are many types of input devices used for input. Keyboard is the most common input device used to enter textual data. The second common device for input is the mouse. This device is used to point a special part on the screen or to select a command with mouse pointer. The Other common devices which are used for input are microphone, touch screen, scanner etc.

2. Processing :
Processing is the process of acting according to given instructions. This is the main task done by computer as it gets instructions from the computer. The main aim of Computer is to work as per the given instructions. This task is done by the processor of the computer. The processor is just like the brain of a human being. This processor is also known as the Central Processing Unit.

3. Output :
After processing, the data is converted into some information. The user of the computer needs that information from the computer as its result. This result is shown to the user using output devices. The most common output device is a monitor. The other output devices are speaker, printer and plotters.

Activity

Write the given Items in their respective Category :

RAM
Keyboard
Mouse
ROM
Hard Disk Drive
Printer
Microphone
Speaker
USB Pen Drive
Monitor/LCD.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components - 2
Answer:

PSEB 6th Class Computer Guide Computer Components Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
…………… is the process of entering data and instructions to the computer.
(a) Input Devices
(b) Output Devices
(c) CPU
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Input Devices

Question 2.
The process of saving data and instructions permanently is known as ……………….
(a) Memory
(b) Storage
(c) Processing
(d) Output.
Answer:
(a) Memory

Question 3.
The process of producing results from the data for getting useful information is called ………………
(a) Input
(b) Output
(c) Processing
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Processing

Question 4.
Primary storage is also known as …………….. Memory.
(a) Secondary
(b) Main
(c) Auxiliary
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(b) Main

Question 5.
Secondary storage is also called ……………. storage.
(a) Secondary
(b) Main
(c) Auxiliary
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(c) Auxiliary.

2. Write the Full Forms
1. I/O
2. IPO
Answer.
1. I/O – input/Output
2. IPO – input Processing Output

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Draw the diagram of basic functions of a Computer.
Answer:
The five important functions/operations performed by computer are :

Take Input: Computer receives data and instructions from user.
Save : Computer save the information.
Processing : Computer processes the data.
Output: Computer gives output after processing.
Control: Computer controls different parts and all operations.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components - 8

Question 2.
Name the parts of CPU Unit.
Answer:
The three parts of CPU Unit are:

Arithmetic logic unit.
Main Memory unit.
Control unit.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components - 5

Question 3.
What is Memory ? Name two types of memory.
Answer:
The storage capacity of computer is called memory.

Memory are of two types:
1. RAM – Random Access Memory:
The primary storage is referred to as random access memory (RAM) because it is possible to randomly select and use any location of the memory directly store and retrieve data. It takes some time to any address of the memory as the first address. It is also called read/write memory.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components - 9

2. ROM:
ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain.

Question 4.
Describe about Laptop.
Answer:
Laptop is a portable personal computer. It is light in weight and small enough. It is very easy to operate in a person’s lap. It has its own battery and can be charged easily as required. It can be carried while travelling.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components - 6

Question 5.
What is Tablet ?
Answer:
Tablet is very thin portable computer. It is usually battery powered. It has a touch screen as the primary interface of an input device. It has no keyboard and mouse.
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 2 Computer Components - 7

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Discuss about Primary Memory.
Answer:
Primary memory is also known as main memory of Computer System. It is directly accessible memory by Microprocessor which is a control unit of CPU. All the instructions and data must be present in primary memory before processing. This memory is also known as main memory of computer. There are two types of primary memories used within the computer.

RAM (Random Access Memory):
This primary memory is the main memory of computer. It is very fast memory of computer. All instructions and data are stored here during processing. This memory is volatile in nature i.e. all contents stored in this memory are lost when power goes off. This device cannot hold data permanently.

ROM (Read Only Memory):
This memory is a permanent memory attached on the motherboard of computer system. Content stored in it cannot be changed as it is read only memory. This memory hold instructions and data required for computer system to start. No write operation is allowed on this memory.

Question 2.
Discuss about Secondary Memory.
Answer:
Secondary Memory
Secondary storage is called auxiliary storage. It is a permanent memory of computer system. As we studied earlier, primary memory RAM is not permanent and ROM do not allow user to store any data on it. So, to provide permanent storage in computer, we use secondary storage devices. This memory is not directly accessible by the processor. It is for storing data not in active use. So it is called non-volatile memory. In a personal computer, secondary storage typically consists of hard disk drive and many removable media like CD, DVD or USB Pen Drive etc.

Question 3.
Explain Control Unit.
Answer:
Central Processing Unit of a computer system can be divided into three parts:-

Memory Unit (MU)
Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU)

1. Memory Unit:
Memory Unit of a computer system is also known as “Storage Unit”. It holds data and instructions in computer system. There are several types of memories. Each of them is having its different role to perform. Their size, storage capacity, nature of operation and speed make them different from each other.

2. Control Unit:
The control unit is the brain of computer. It performs all the operations given in the form of input instructions or programs. It also controls the functioning of all other components of computer. It accepts all the instruction from input unit and generates series of control signals according to the input instructions given. These Control Signals then operate the other parts of the computer. This is the main function of Control unit.

3. Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU):
This is a core component of computer CPU. As per its name, it performs all the arithmetic and logic related tasks during processing. In digital computer, all the operations are performed logically and contain a lot of calculations to be processed. Processing of arithmetic operations and all logical operations like AND, OR, NOT etc. are done by this part of CPU. This part of computer system is integrated within the “Microprocessor”.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Introduction To Computer

October 11, 2024October 10, 2024 by Prasanna

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Computer Book Solutions Chapter 1 Introduction To Computer Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Computer Science Chapter 1 Introduction To Computer

Computer Guide for Class 6 PSEB Introduction To Computer Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Computer is a/an ……………
(a) Electronic Machine
(b) Mechanical Machine
(c) Magnetic Machine
(d) All of above.
Answer:
(a) Electronic Machine

Question 2.
Computers can do ……………
(a) Calculations
(b) Accept data and instructions
(c) Storage
(d) All of above
Answer:
(d) All of above

Question 3.
Computer performs its operations with high ……………
(a) Speed
(b) Accuracy
(c) Efficiency
(d) All of above.
Answer:
(d) All of above

Question 4.
In banks, computer is used for ……………
(a) Keeping the bank safe
(b) Keeping Account records.
(c) Keeping bank clean
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Keeping Account records

Question 5.
Time taken by computer to do a work can be measured in ……………
(a) Minutes
(b) Hours
(c) Milliseconds
(d) Days.
Answer:
(c) Milliseconds

Question 6.
In Education, a computer is used for ……………
(a) Preparing Notes
(b) Preparing results
(c) Preparing Reports
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 7.
Which one of these is a limitation of Computer
(a) Speed
(b) Accuracy
(c) No IQ
(d) Diligence.
Answer:
(c) No IQ.

2. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define Computer.
Answer:
Computer is an electronic device which gets the data and instructions from the user. It processes the data as per given instructions and gives the result in the desired form. Computer can be defined as :
A computer is an electronic machine that accepts data as input from the user and processes the data under the control of a set of instructions and gives the result as an output.

Question 2.
Explain the uses of computer in Education Field.
Answer:
Students and teachers are using computers in their education. Teachers use computers to teach the students and students use computers to prepare their notes, making drawing and making projects etc. The internet is used to search study material. Results, time-table and various reports are prepared using the computer. Computers are also used for record keeping online data processing etc.

Question 3.
Write the name of any three Portable Computing Devices.
Answer:
The name of three portable computing devices are:

Mobile phone
Palmtop computer
Tablets

3. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the characteristics of computer ?
Answer:
The main characteristics of computers are as given below :
1. Speed : Computer is a very fast machine. It can do calculation in milliseconds. It can complete days work in seconds. That is why it has reduced human effort.

2. Accuracy : Computer is an accurate machine. It never makes any mistakes. If a mistake is performed in any calculation that is
always due to human error. A computer can do any task repeatedly for thousands of times without any error.

3. Reliability : Reliability means the ability of being trusted. A computer is a reliable machine. We cannot doubt the results given by computers because they are always correct. There is no need of rechecking the results. It gives the same result every time.

4. Diligence : Computer never gets tired. It can do work for many days or even for years. During this time its efficiency does not decrease and neither it commits errors after long working. In fact, a computer is a hardworking machine.

5. Automation : Automation means to do the work automatically. Computers can be instructed to do the work without any interaction. He can be given the instructions and the computer can do work without asking anything. We just need to start the computer and ask him to do the particular work. After that it will do the whole work without asking anything.

6. Storage : The storage capacity of computers is very large. It can attach many storage devices such as hard disk, pen drive at 17 to it. it can store any type of data such as text, audio, video animation in it. We can also store the storage capacity of computers. Computers store data for a very long time.

Question 2.
Define any five applications of Computer.
Answer:
Computers are used in many areas. Some of the application areas of Computer are given below :
1. Education: Students and teachers are using computers in their education. Teachers use computers to teach the students and students use computers to prepare their notes-making, drawing and making projects etc. The internet is used to search study material, results time-table and various reports are prepared using the computer. Computers are also used for record keeping, online data processing etc. Punjab Education Department is using computer on their web portal like www.epunjabschool.gov.in, www.pseb.ac.in

2. Entertainment: Computers are a good source of entertainment also. The user can watch movies, listen song and camp. Beautiful presentations can be made on the computer. All the films made these days use computers for their special effects.

3. Sports : Computers are also used in the sports field. They are used to improve the performance of players to keep data and to evaluate the performance and to display information about various tournaments which will happen in future. Digital scoreboards are also a part of games today. The players can improve their games by analysing their record.

4. Communication : Computers have given new ways of communication. The user can make video calls, audio calls, chat using computer data and send email to their friends and relatives. Any type of data can be shared using smartphone, tablet, laptop and computers.

5. Shops : Shopkeepers are also using computers for their various works. They are using computers to manage their stock to generate purchase orders to generate bills to advertise their shop. The use of computers in shops saves a lot of time for the shopkeeper and the customer.

Question 3.
What are the limitations of Computer ?
Answer:
The main limitations of computer are as under:

A computer cannot take decisions by itself.
A computer cannot correct wrong instructions.
Computer cannot do any work without instruction from the user.
It does not have feelings or IQ (Intelligence Quotient).
It does not have knowledge and experience like a human being.
Computer can not start work until asked.

Question 4.
What do you mean by Portable Computing Devices ? Explain any three of them.
Answer:
Portable devices are those devices which can be easily carried from one place to another. Technology has given us many portable devices. Some of them are explained below :
1. Mobile Phone or Smart Phone :
It is the most common portable computing device used in these days. Each one is using their mobile phones these days. Smart phones can do a lot of calculation work and processing. Their speed is also very fast. Modern mobile phones are equipped with camera, large storage capacity and high processing speed. They can be used in education, business trading, entertainment, gaming etc. Mobile phones are very small devices. It can be carried in our pockets. There are a lot of mobile phones available in the market with different features.

2. Tablet Computer :
It is a small computer. It is mainly known as a tablet. If the battery is used in this tablet. It has a touch screen which is used to give input and get the output. Tablets can be used for many purposes. Most of the students are using tablets in their education at home as well as at their schools.

3. Palmtop Computer :
Palmtop computer is a small size computer which can be placed on our palm. This computer has a small screen and small keyboard. It is just like a mobile phone having a keyboard. These computers are not very popular these days. These computers were used for limited purposes only.

Question 5.
Explain the uses of Computer.
Answer:
The applications of Computer are :

We can do mathematical calculations on the computer.
We can play games on the computer.
We can draw pictures on the computer.
We can listen to songs and watch films on the computer.
We can use computers to print books and newspapers.
We can use computers to book our tickets to travel in trains, buses and airplanes.
We can check the arrival and departure time of trains, buses and airplanes with the help of a computer.
We can check the weather conditions of any place before travelling.
We can print reports, results of our school or time-table.
We can store our data into a computer for future use.

PSEB 6th Class Computer Guide Introduction To Computer Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
…………… is an electronic machine.
(a) TV
(b) Typewriter
(c) Computer
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(c) Computer

Question 2.
The speed of computer is …………..
(a) Fast
(b) Slow
(c) Medium
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Fast

Question 3.
Computer has very large ……………
(a) Speed
(b) Memory
(c) Display
(d) Keyboard.
Answer:
(b) Memory

Question 4.
In business computers are used to prepare …………….
(a) Cash
(b) Tickets
(c) Books of accounts
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Books of Accounts

Question 5.
Computers are used in Education by………… and ………….
(a) Teachers, Students
(b) Businessman, Banker
(c) Parents, Children
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(a) Teachers, Students.

2. True or False

Question 1.
Computer can perform Mathematical Calculations.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Computer cannot take decision itself.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Computer doesn’t have storage capacity.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
A computer cannot correct wrong instructions.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Computer is an electronic machine which receives input, processes it and gives output.
Answer:
True

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is a computer ?
Answer:
A computer is an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output.
Computers are not very intelligent devices, but they handle instructions flowlessly and fast. They must follow explicit directions from both the user and computer programmer. Computers are really nothing more than a very powerful calculator with some great accessories.

Question 2.
Give definition of computer.
Answer:
The computer is a digital electronic machine that processes data to give information. A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that concept data, manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce results, and store the results for further use.

Question 3.
What can we do on a computer ?
Answer:
A computer accepts input, processes data, stores data and produces output. Computer can perform the following functions :

Mathematical calculation
Desktop Publication
Play Games
Drawing
Multimedia
Booking of Railway and Airplane Tickets
In Banks
In Medicine etc.
Libraries Automation
Shops Automation
Domestic work.

Question 4.
How a Computer is helpful in Health and Medicine?
Answer:
Computers are necessary in every area of health and medicine, The following are the important tasks in health and medicine where computer is used:

For maintaining patient history and records.
As an aid in operation theatre.
Also used for patient monitoring and diagnosis of diseases.
For taking appointment of doctor.

Question 5.
How a computer is helpful in Banks?
Answer:
In bank, computers are used to maintain records of loans, customers, credits and also used in ATM’s.

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write down about the fields where a Computer can be used ?
Answer:
Following are the uses of computer in Modern Times:

We can do mathematical calculations on the computer.
We can play games on the computer.
We can draw pictures on the computer.
We can listen to songs and watch films on the computer.
We can use computers to print books and newspapers.
We can use computers to book our tickets to travel in trains, buses and airplanes.
We can check the arrival and departure time of trains. buses and airplanes
with the help of a computer.
We can check the weather conditions of any place before travelling.
We can print reports, results of our school or time t.able.
We can store our data into a computer for future use.

Question 2.
Write down characteristics of a Computer.
Answer:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Introduction To Computer - 1
Speed : Computer is a very fast machine. It can do calculation in milliseconds. It can complete days work in seconds. That is why it has reduced human effort.

Accuracy : Computer is an accurate machine. It never makes any mistakes. Ifa mistake is performed in any calculation that is always due to human
error. A computer can do any task repeatedly for thousands of times without any error.

Reliability: Reliability means the ability of being trusted. A computer is a reliable machine. We cannot doubt the results given by computers because they are always correct. There is no need of rechecking the results. It gives the same result every time.

Diligence : Computer never gets tired. It can to do work for many days or even for years. During this time its efficiency does not decrease and neither it commits errors after long working. In fact, a computer is a hardworking machine.

Automation : Automation means to do the work automatically. Computers can be instructed to do the work without any interaction. He can be given the instructions and the computer can do work without asking anything. We just need to start the computer and ask him to do the particular work. After that it will do the whole work without asking anything.

Storage : The storage capacity of computers is very large. It can attach many storage devices such as hard disk, pen drive at 17 to it. It can store any type of data such as text. audio, video, animation in it. We can also store the storage capacity of computers. Computers store data for a very long time.

Question 3.
Write down the limitations of a Computer.
Answer:
PSEB 6th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Introduction To Computer - 2
Computers are capable of doing a lot of work. But, after all this is a machine and unable to do some tasks. These kinds of tasks are considered as limitations of computers.

Some of the main limitations of computer are as under:

A computer cannot take decisions by itself.
A computer cannot correct wrong instructions.
Computer cannot do any work without instruction from the user.
It does not have feelings or IQ (Intelligence Quotient)
It does not have knowledge and experience like a human being.
Computer can not start work until asked.