Class 7

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Computer Science Book Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Computer Science Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Computer Guide for Class 7 PSEB Typing Tutor Textbook Questions and Answers

Fill in the Blanks:

Question 1.
To use number pad, ……………. should be kept ON.
(a) Num lock
(b) Caps lock
(c) Scroll lock
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Num lock

Question 2.
In home-row, …………… key is pressed with the little finger of left hand,
(a) A
(b) S
(c) D
(d) F.
Answer:
(a) A

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Question 3.
In home row, ……………. key is pressed with Middle finger of right hand.
(a) J
(b) K
(c) L
(d) ;
Answer:
(b) K

Question 4.
In second row, ………………. key is pressed with ring finger of left hand.
(a) Q
(b) W
(c) E
(d) R.
Answer:
(b) W

Question 5.
In third row, …………….. key is pressed with the index finger of right hand.
(a) B
(b) N
(c) M
(d) M, N.
Answer:
(d) M, N.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
For typing purpose, a keyboard can be divided in how many parts?
Answer:
The keyboard for typing is divided into two parts. The first part is on the left side and the second part is on the right side.

Question 2.
Write the name of the technique for typing with all fingers without looking at the keyboard.
Answer:
Touch typing technology allows us to type without looking.

Question 3.
Write the name of any one font.
Answer:
Anmol Lipi font.

Question 4.
Which finger is used to press spacebar during typing?
Answer:
The thumb of your right hand is used to press the space bar key.

Question 5.
Which key is used to go to new line during typing?
Answer:
Enter key is used to move to new line.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is touch typing?
Answer:
This is a technique by which we learn how to type correctly without looking at the keyboard. The keyboard is divided into two parts, left side and right side. Typing is done by placing the fingers on right position accordingly.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 1

Question 2.
Describe the position of our fingers on Home Row Key.
Answer:
The “home row” is the center row of keys on a keyboard. It starts from the alphabet A. The fingers are always rest on this line. The position of the fingers on this row is as follows:
First of all, the fourth finger (little finger) of our left hand is on the ‘A’ key, then third finger on the ‘S’ key, then second finger on the ‘D’ key and then first finger on the ‘F’ key and alternately on the ‘7’ key. The fourth, third, second and first fingers of the right hand should be on ‘L’, ‘K’, ‘J’ and ‘H’ respectively. Thumbs of both hands should be on space bar.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 2

Left Hand
Little/ Pinky Finger A
Ring Finger S
Middle Finger D
Index Finger F & G
Right Hand
Little/ Pinky Finger ;
Ring Finger L
Middle Finger K
Index Finger J & H

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Question 3.
What are the tips to improve typing speed?
Answer:
Typing speed can be increased by keeping the following in mind:

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 3

    • Concentrate in consistently, comfortably and correctly typing.
    • The position of our hands I fingers should always be on the home-row We should always start from this position and come back to the saine position. We should move from the home-row position to other keys.
    • As we press each key, we should repeat that letter in our mind.
    • We should focus on pressing the right key rather than speed. Speed will increase automatically with time and practice.
    • Do not look at the keyboard.

Question 4.
While typing numbers from numeric keypad, which hand we should use? Explain the position of your fingers on numeric keypad
Answer:
The numeric keypad is located on the right hand side of the keyboard and has a total of 17 keys. They act as a calculator. While using the numeric keypad Num lock key must be turned on. Use the right hand when typing numbcon the numeric keypad.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 4
The position of the fingers on the numeric keypad is as follows:

      • The thumb of the right hand is on the ‘0’
      • On the first finger of the right hand ‘4’
      • The second finger of the right hand on the ‘5’ The third finger of the right hand on the ‘6’

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the proper posture while typing.
Answer:

      • The computer monitor should be in front of our eyes.
      • Our focus should be on the monitor.
      • Our fingers should be on the home-row keys.
      • We should sit straight and in front of the keyboard.
      • We should quickly press each key and return to the home- row position.
      • Our feet should be straight on the ground.
        PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 5

Question 2.
Explain Following Keys
(a) Enter key
(b) Backspace key
(c) Shift key Answer:
Answer:
(a) Enter Key: This key is used to move to a new line. We use the smallest finger of our right hand to press the Enter
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 6
(b) Backspace key:
This key is used to delete a character to the left of the cursor. We use the little finger of our right hand for this.

(c) Shift Key:
This key is located on both side of the keyboard. It is used to write capital letters. If you want to type a capital letter with your left hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of your right hand similarly, to write a capital letter with the right hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of the left hand.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 7

PSEB 7th Class Computer Guide Typing Tutor Important Questions and Answers

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Question 1.
Type master is used for learning,
(a) Programming
(b) Computer
(c) Printing
(d) Typing.
Answer:
(d) Typing.

Question 2.
Keyboard is divided into sections.
(a) Three
(b) Four
(c) Two
(d) Five.
Answer:
(b) Four

Question 3.
The numeric pad is on the side.
(a) Right
(b) Left
(c) Upper
(d) Lower.
Answer:
(a) Right

Question 4.
The key is on both sides of the keyboard.
(a) Function
(b) Special
(c) Arrow
(d) Shift.
Answer:
(d) Shift.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

2. True/False

Question 1.
The typemaster helps to improve the typing speed.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
In touch typing we can type without touching the keyboard.
Answer:
False.

Question 3.
The numeric pad is on the right side of the keyboard.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Text is typed with a numeric pad.
Answer:
False.

Question 5.
Shift key is only one.
Answer:
False.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write instructions for keyboard expertise.
Answer:

  • Do not press the keys too quickly.
  • Press the keys evenly and equally.
  • Make it a habit to press the keys lightly.
  • After typing each word, press the space bar with the thumb of your right hand.
  • Your eyes, hands and brain need to be in perfect balance as you type.

Question 2.
What is a type master?
Answer:
Type master is a program that helps you learn to type and improve your speed. It helps us to type without looking at the keyboard.

Question 3.
What is numeric keypad?
Answer:
The numeric keypad is located on the right hand side of the keyboard and has a total of 17 keys. They act as a calculator. While using the numeric keypad Num lock key must be turned on. Use the right hand when typing numbers on the numeric keypad.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Question 4.
What is a shift key?
Answer:
This key is located on both side of the keyboard. It is used to write capital letters. If you want to type a capital letter with your left hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of your right hand similarly, to write a capital letter with the right hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of the left hand.

Question 5.
State the position of the fingers on the second row.
Answer:
The keys on the above line of the home row are called the keys on the second line. It starts with the letter Q’. Turn the fourth finger (little finger) of your left hand on the ‘Q’ key, the third finger on the ‘W’ key, the second finger on the ‘E’ key and the first finger on the ‘R’ key or the “T” key. Similarly, place the fourth finger of the right hand on the ‘P’ key, the third finger on the ‘O’ key, the second finger on the T key and the first finger on the ‘U ’or‘ Y ’key alternately.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 9

Left Hand
Little/ Pinky Finger Q
Ring Finger W
Middle Finger E
Index Finger R & T
Right Hand
Little/ Pinky Finger P
Ring Finger O
Middle Finger I
Index Finger U & Y

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Give some instructions for keyboard mastery.
Answer:
Typing speed can be increased by keeping the following in mind:
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 10

      • Concentrate in consistently, comfortably and correctly typing.
      • The position of our hands I fingers should always be on the home-row We should always start from this position and come back to the saine position. We should move from the home-row position to other keys.
      • As we press each key, we should repeat that letter in our mind.
      • We should focus on pressing the right key rather than speed. Speed will increase automatically with time and practice.
      • Do not look at the keyboard.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Question 2.
Write a note on shift key.
Answer:
Shift Key:
This key is located on both side of the keyboard. It is used to write capital letters, If you want to type a capital letter with your left
hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of your right hand. Similarly, to write a capit.al letter with the right hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of the left hand.

Question 3.
State the position of the fingers on the fourth row.
Answer:
Fourth Row:
The fourth row corresponds to the numeric keys. Be careful while typing the numbers. Our fingers should be on the home row. To type the numbers 100 correctly, it is recommended to press the numeric key with the corresponding finger and then bring it back to the home row, If all work is related to numbers, keep your fingers on the fourth line.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor 11

Left Hand
Little/ Pinky Finger Z
Ring Finger X
Middle Finger C
Index Finger V & B
Right Hand
Little/ Pinky Finger /
Ring Finger .
Middle Finger ,
Index Finger M & N

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Question 4.
Write in detail about the special keys of the key board.
Answer:
Special Keys on Keyboard:
The special keys of the keyboard are as follows:
1. Enter Key:
This key is used to move to a new line, We use the smallest finger of our right hand to press the Enter key.

2. Space Bar: The space-bar key is used 1.0 leave a space in two words. We use our thumb to press the space key.

3. Shift Key:
This key is located on both side of the keyboard. It is used to write capital letters. If you want to type a capital letter with your left hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of your right hand. Similarly, to write a capital letter with the right hand, press the shift key with the fourth finger of the left hand.

4. Backspace:
This key is used to delete a character to the left of the cursor. We use the little finger of our right hand for this.

5. Caps lock Key:
If the whole word, line or paragraph is to be written in capital letters, keep the Caps Lock Key in ON position. We use the little finger of our left hand for this.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 1 Typing Tutor

Question 5.
What are some ways to avoid stress and mistakes while typing on the computer?
Answer:
How to Avoid the Stress of Typing:
Stress and mistakes while typing on computer can be avoided as follows.

  • Set your keyboard so that it is straight and slightly raised at the back. Do not keep your keyboard tilted downwards.
  • Sit properly in front of your computer. Our screen should be two feet away from u and our copy should be in front of our eyes.
  • Stretch your arms before starting work and also during intervals and strengthen your arms with exercise.
  • We should re-st our wrists when we are not typing.
  • When typing, keep your wrists straight and bend your elbows at a 90 degree angle. Our wrists should not rest on the table while typing.
  • If sitting on a chair, our knees are bent 90 degrees and our feet are straight on the ground, then the height of our chair is perfect.
  • Exercise daily. This helps our body avoid stress after typing.
  • Rest for a short time instead of a large interval while typing.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 15 Light Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 15 Light

Science Guide for Class 7 PSEB Light Intext Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 186)

Question 1.
The process of change in direction of light after falling on a mirror is called ……………….. of light.
Answer:
Reflection.

Question 2.
Angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection. (True/False)
Answer:
True.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 189)

Question 1.
The distance between the object and the mirror is ……………… to the distance
between the image and the mirror.
Answer:
Equal.

Question 2.
Thes plane mirror has to be placed vertically on the graph paper. (True/False)
Answer:
True.

Question 3.
The plane mirror should be vertically upright.
Answer:
Right.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 191)

Question 1.
The image of the sun formed by the concave mirror on the wall is …………………… image.
(Real/Virtual)
Answer:
Real.

Question 2.
Is the image of a candle seen using a concave mirror same as that the image of the Sun seen on the wall ?
Answer:
In both cases the rays of light are reflected from a concave mirror to form a real image.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 192)

Question 1.
When the object is very far from the concave mirror, the image formed is ………………….
and
Answer:
Real, inverted/small in size.

Question 2.
The image formed on the screen is real.
Answer:
True. (True/False)

Question 3.
For a concave mirror, the image formed is always real.
Answer:
False.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 195) (True/False)

Question 1.
The bright spot of light obtained on the paper is the image formed due to effect.
Answer:
Converging.

Question 2.
The image obtained on the paper is the virtual image.
Answer:
False.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 196) 

Question 1.
The convex lens is placed between the object and the screen. (True/False)
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
For a convex lens, the image formed is always real. (True/False)
Answer:
False.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 198)

Question 1.
White light is composed of ………………. Colours. (True/False)
Answer:
Seven.

Question 2.
When disc with seven colours is rotated, it appears to be red. (True/False)
Answer:
False.

Question 3.
Name the seven colours of which the white light is made of.
Answer:
The seven colours of white light are:

  1. Violets,
  2. Indigo,
  3. Blue,
  4. Green,
  5. Yellow,
  6. Orange
  7. Red.

Collectively called VIBGYOR.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

PSEB 7th Class Science Guide Light Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) An image formed by a ………………….. mirror is always of the same size as that of object.
Answer:
plane

(ii) In a plane mirror, the left hand of a person appears to be the ………………… hand in the image and ……………. hand appears to be the left hand in the image.
Answer:
right, right

(iii) The image formed by a convex mirror is always ………………… and ……………….. in size.
Answer:
erect, smaller

(iv) Convex lenses are ………………… in the middle and concave lenses are ……………….. in the middle than at the edges.
Answer:
thin, thick

(v) A prism splits the white light into ……………….. colours.
Answer:
seven

2. State True or False:

(i) There is reflection of light through a lens.
Answer:
False

(ii) The ray of light coming towards the plane mirror is called the reflected ray.
Answer:
False

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

(iii) The image formed by a plane mirror is always in front of the mirror.
Answer:
False

(iv) A concave mirror is a part of hollow sphere of glass, whose outer side is coated with silver layer and reflection takes place from the inside.
Answer:
True

(v) Concave lens always forms a virtual, erect and smaller image of the object.
Answer:
True

3. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
Which of the following does not show reflection of light ?
(a) Plane mirror
(b) Concave mirror
(c) Convex mirror
(d) Card board.
Answer:
(d) Card board.

Question (ii)
Which is used for rear view in cars and other vehicles:
(a) Concave mirror
(b) Convex mirror
(c) Convex lens
(d) Concave lens.
Answer:
(b) Convex mirror.

Question (iii)
The image of an object formed by a concave lens is always ?
(a) Real and diminished
(b) Virtual and larger
(c) Real and larger
(d) Virtual and diminished.
Answer:
(d) Virtual and diminished.

Question (iv)
The process of splitting of white light in seven colours on passing through a prism is called:
(a) Reflection of light
(b) Refraction of light
(c) Bending of light
(d) Dispersion of light.
Answer:
(d) Dispersion of light.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

4. Match the Column ‘I’ with Column ‘II’:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
1. Mirror used by dentists (a) Spectacles
2. Rear view Mirror (b) Microscope
3. Magnifying glass (c) Vehicles
4. Concave Lens (d) Concave

Answer:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
1. Mirror used by dentists (d) Concave
2. Rear view Mirror (c) Vehicles
3. Magnifying glass (b) Microscope
4. Concave Lens (a) Spectacles.

5. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Is the image formed by a plane mirror real or virtual ?
Answer:
The image formed by the plane mirror is Virtual.

Question (ii)
Which lens forms a real image of an object ?
Answer:
Convex lens forms a real image of the object.

Question (iii)
Which optical instrument uses convex lens ?
Answer:
Convex lens is used in a microscope.

Question (iv)
What is the seven rainbow coloured disc called ?
Answer:
The seven-rainbow coloured disc is called Newton’s disc.

6. Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Differentiate between Real and Virtual images. Give examples.
Answer:
Difference between Real image and Virtual image:

Real image Virtual image
1. The rays of light coming from the object are actually found to meet at a point after reflection or refraction. 1. The light rays coming from an object do not actually meet but appear to meet at a single point after reflection or refraction.
2. They are always inverted. 2. They are always erect.
3. Real image can be obtained on a screen.

Example : (a) If the object is too far away from the concave mirror, the image becomes too small and inverted. When the object is brought closer to the concave miiror, the image after reflection becomes large and real.

(b) If the object is in front of a convex lens then the rays coming from that will form a real, inverted image after refraction.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 1

 3. Virtual image can not be obtained on a screen

Example : (a) If the object is between the focal point of the concave mirror and the object, then the image is large, upright and virtual.In the convex mirror for each position of the object, the image obtained is virtual, erect and small.

(b) If the object is between the focal point of the convex lens and the lens, then image is virtual, erect and large.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 2

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

Question (ii)
A person is standing 5m away from a plane mirror. How far will his image be:
(a) from the mirror
(b) from the person himself ?
Solution:
We know that the image formed in a plane mirror is at the same distance behind the mirror is as the object is in front of the mirror. So,
(a) Distance of image from the mirror = Distance of person from the mirror
= 2 meters

(b) Distance of the image from the person = Distance of the person from the plane mirror + Image distance from the mirror. = 2 meters + 2 meters
∴ Distance of the image from the person = 4 meters

Question (iii)
Give two uses of concave mirrors.
Answer:
Uses of concave mirrors:

  • Concave mirror is used as a having mirror, as the concave mirror produces a large and erect image when the mirror is placed close to the face.
  • Concave mirrors are mostly used on the headlights of vehicles. Here the bulb (light source) is placed on the principal focus of the concave mirror.

Question (iv)
State two differences between convex lens and concave lens.
Answer:
Difference between convex lens and concave lens:

Convex lens Concave lens
(1) It is thick in the middle and thin at the edges. (1) It is thin in the middle and thick at the edges.
(2) It generally forms a large image of the object. (2) It forms a small and virtual image of the object.

Question (v)
Of how many colours is white light made of ? Name them.
Answer:
White light consists of seven colours. Their names are:

  1. Violet,
  2. Purple (Indigo),
  3. Blue,
  4. Green.
  5. Yellow,
  6. Orange and
  7. Red.

Question (vi)
Ravi is observing his image in a plane mirror. The distance between the mirror and his image is 6 m. If he moves 2 m towards the mirror, then the distance between Ravi and his image will be:
Answer:
Given, the distance between the plane mirror and the image = 6 meters
We know, the distance between the object (Ravi) and the mirror = Distance between the mirror and the image
Distance between Ravi and mirror = 6 meters (Given.)
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 3
When he moves 2 meters forward then the distance between Ravi and mirror will be
= 6 meters – 2 meters
= 4 meters.
Now,
Distance between Ravi and his image = Distance between Ravi and Plane mirror + Distance between plane mirror and image
= 4 meters + 4 meters
= 8 meters

7. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
State and explain the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror.
Answer:
Characteristics of the image formed by the plane mirror:

  • The image of the burning candle (object) is seen behind the mirror at the same distance. Therefore the image formed by a plane mirror is always formed as far behind the mirror as the objects is in front of it.
  • Since the image of the candle behind the mirror cannot be obtained on the screen, therefore, The image formed by the mirror is always virtual.
  • When we place the candle upright the image formed is also upwards. This shows that the image formed by a plane mirror is erect.
  • When we compare the size of the candle and its image formed in a plane mirror, they are of the same size. This shows the size of the object and the size image formed by the plane mirror is equal.
  • The distance between the candle and the mirror is equal to the distance between the image of the candle and the minor.
  • The image formed by a plane mirror is laterally inverted. That is, the left side of the object appears to the right side of the image and the right side of the object is to the left side of the image.

Question (ii)
What is meant by dispersion of the light ? Explain by using a Prism. Which natural phenomenon is associated with dispersion of light ?
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 4
Dispersion of Light.
It is the phenomena of spliting the white light into its seven colours. The process of its separation into seven colors is characterized by a white ray of light passing through the prism as shown in the figure.

Place a white screen on the other side of prism. You will see that the white light will be splited in seven colors. These colors form a band of the seven colors received on the screen called the spectrum. Due to the different wavelengths of the seven colors, these seven colors diverge at different angles. These seven colors are: (1) Violet, (2) Indigo, (3) Blue, (4) Green, (5) Yellow, (6) Orange, (7) Red.

We can remember these names with the word VIBGYOR formed from their first letters. You may have seen rainbows forming in the sky after rain. It causes the rays of the sun’s white light to be dispersed from the water droplets hanging in the atmosphere. Here the water droplets act like a prism and split up the white sunlight into its seven colours.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Light Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) An image that cannot be obtained on a screen is called …………………..
Answer:
virtual image

(ii) Image formed by a convex …………………. is always virtual and smaller in size.
Answer:
mirror

(iii) An image formed by a ………………….. mirror is always of same size as that of an object.
Answer:
plane

(iv) An image which can be obtained on a screen is called a ………………. image
Answer:
real

(v) An image formed by a …………………. lens cannot be obtained on a screen.
Answer:
concave

2. Match the Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Convex lens (a) Rainbow
(ii) Real, inverted and equal image (b) Concave mirror
(iii) Alphabetical process (c) Magnifying glass
(iv) Virtual image (d) Convex lens
(v) The reflecting surface is inward (e) Cannot be obtained on screen

Answer:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Convex lens (c) Magnifying glass
(ii) Real, inverted and equal image (d) Convex lens
(iii) Alphabetical process (a) Rainbow
(iv) Virtual image (e) Cannot be obtained on screen
(v) The reflecting surface is inward (b) Concave mirror.

3. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
Light travels in:
(a) Straight lines
(b) Curved lines
(c) Circles
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(a) Straight lines.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

Question (ii)
Erect, virtual and diminished image is formed in:
(a) plane mirror
(b) concave mirror convexo.
(c) convex mirror
(d) concave mirror
Answer:
(c) convex mirror.

Question (iii)
To see an object it is necessary:
(a) Source of light
(b) Source of light and an object
(c) Source of light, object and an eye
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Source of light, object and an eye.

Question (iv)
After passing through a prism, light is split up into:
(a) two colours
(b) five colours
(c) seven colours
(d) six colours.
Answer:
(c) seven colours.

Question (v)
To see magnified view of teeth, dentists use:
(a) plane mirror
(b) concave mirror
(c) convex mirror and convex mirrors.
(d) combination of concave
Answer:
(b) concave mirror

Question (vi)
Which mirror is used to get magnified and real image ?
(a) convex mirror
(b) plane mirror
(c) concave mirror
(d) none of the above.
Answer:
(c) concave mirror.

Question (vii)
Convex lens is:
(a) thick at the centre and thin at the edges
(b) thick at the edges and thin at the centre
(c) uniformly thick
(d) irregularly thick.
Answer:
(a) thick at the centre and thin at the edges.

Question (viii)
When Newton disc is rotated fast which colour is seen ?
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 5
(a) Black
(b) White
(c) Blue
(d) Yellow.
Answer:
(b) White.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Give one property of light.
Answer:
Light travels in a straight line.

Question 2.
Which surface acts as a mirror ?
Answer:
Any smooth and polished surface.

Question 3.
If you are standing in front of a plane mirror and observing your own image what is the relation
Answer:
Distance of the object from the mirror = Distance of the Image from the mirror.

Question 4.
What are spherical mirrors ?
Answer:
Spherical Mirrors. Spherical mirrors are the part of hollow spherical reflecting surface of which the mirror is a part. The spherical mirrors are of two types:

  1. Concave mirrors
  2. Convex mirrors.

Question 5.
One wants to get an enlarged image of an object in a mirror. What type of mirror should one use ?
Answer:
Concave mirror.

Question 6.
What type of mirror is used in automobiles for the benefit of drivers ?
Answer:
Convex mirror.

Question 7.
What type of mirrors are used in search-lights and head lights of cars ?
Answer:
Concave mirror.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

Question 8.
Name the mirror in which the image of object is always diminished and virtual.
Answer:
Convex mirror.

Question 9.
Name the kind of mirror which produces a diminished real image.
Answer:
Concave mirror.

Question 10.
Write a note on convex lens.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 6
Convex lens.
A convex lens is thick in the centre and thin at the edges. This lens has the capability to converge a beam of light. So this lens is also called a converging lens.

Question 11.
What is a concave lens ?
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 7
Concave lens.
A concave lens is thin at the centre and thick at the edges. This lens has a capacity to diverge a beam of light. So this lens is also called a diverging lens.

Question 12.
Name the seven constituent colors of light.
Answer:
Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.

Question 13.
Describe a natural phenomenon in which seven colors of light are displayed.
Answer:
View of the rainbow after rains.

Short Answer Type Qucstions

Question 1.
Why should not we see towards sun through a convex lens ?
Answer:
A convex lens is a converging lens. It converges a beam of parallel rays coming from the Sun at the focus. If a piece of paper or cloth is placed at the focus of a convex lens from the sun, these catch fire. So, if we see towards the sun through a convex lens, large amount of heat will be produced which is very harmful for the eyes. Hence we should not see the sun through a convex lens.

Question 2.
What is a virtual image ? Give one situation where a virtual image is formed.
Answer:
Virtual image. An image which cannot be obtained on a screen, is called a virtual image.
Image formed in a plane mirror is always virtual.
Image in a concave mirror is virtual when object is placed very close to the mirror.
Image formed in a convex mirror is always virtual.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light

Question 3.
State two differences between a convex and a concave lens.
Answer:
Differences between a Convex and a Concave lens:

Convex lens Concave lens
1. It is thick at the centre and thin at the edges.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 8

 It is thin at the centre and thick at the edges

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 9
2. The image is generally formed on the other side of the lens (except when the object is between F and optical centre). The image is formed on the same side of the object.
3. It converges a beam of light to a It diverges a beam of light as coming from a point.

Question 4.
Give one use each of a concave and a convex mirror.
Answer:
Use of concave mirror. It is used as reflector in a searchlight or car head-light.
Use of convex mirror. It is used in cars and other vehicles as a rear view mirror.

Question 5.
Which type of mirror can form a real image ?
Answer:
A concave mirror forms a real image.

Question 6.
Which type of lens forms always a virtual image ?
Answer:
Concave lens.

Question 7.
Give the conditions necessary for seeing an object.
Answer:
Conditions for seeing an object. To see an object the following three conditions are required to be satisfied:

  1. Source of light to make the object visible.
  2. The object.
  3. Eye.

Question 8.
What are the uses of mirrors ?
Answer:
Uses of Mirrors. We use mirrors in our daily life for one or the other purpose.
(i) Plane Mirror. Plane mirrors are used in the barber’s shops and in homes as looking glass. It is also used in periscope and other optical instruments.

(ii) Concave mirror.

  1. It is used as reflector in a search light or in a car head light.
  2. It is used in the solar cookers to converge the radiations coming from the sun.

(iii) Convex mirror.

  1. It is used in the cars and other vehicles as a rear view mirror to have look at the vehicles coming behind.
  2. It is used in amusement parks for showing strange looking images of people who stand in front of them.

Long Answer Type Question

Question 1.
Give an experiment to show that white light is made up of seven colours.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 15 Light 10
White light is a mixture of seven colours. To prove that white light is a mixture of seven colours, the following activity is performed.

Make a small top with a rotating disc. Paint the upper surface of the disc with sectorial area proportionately to the seven colours of the rainbow. Now rotate the disc when a white colour will appear on the disc. Light helps us to see the objects around us.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Science Guide for Class 7 PSEB Respiration in Organisms Intext Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 117)

Question 1.
How long were you able to hold your breath?
Answer:
Up to 35 seconds.

Question 2.
Why can we not hold our breath for a long time?
Answer:
We need oxygen all the time within our body, by holding breath for too long the amount of Carbon dioxide will increase which can be fatal.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Think and answer (Textbook Page No. 118)

Question 1.
In which condition the rate of breathing is slowest ?
Answer:
After resting, the respiratory rate is at least 12 to 20 breaths per minute. A lower rate is a sign of a physical problem.

Question 2.
What is your normal breathing rate ?
Answer:
20 breaths per minute.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 121)

Question 1.
What does the rubber sheet represent ?
Answer:
The Diaphragm represents the rubber seat.

Question 2.
Which organs are represented by balloons ?
Answer:
The two lungs represent the balloons.

Question 3.
Can you explain the mechanism of breathing with the help of this model ?
Answer:
Yes, because it is working model of breathing. Therefore, this will explain that action completely.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 118)

Question 1.
Why does lime water turn milky ?
Answer:
When we blow in lime water the exhaled carbon dioxide reacts with lime water to make lime water milky.

Question 2.
What is the formula of lime water ?
Answer:
Chemical formula of Lime water: Ca(OH)2

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

PSEB 7th Class Science Guide Respiration in Organisms Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) Lactic acid is produced during ………………….. respiration.
Answer:
Aerobic

(ii) Taking in of air rich in oxygen is called ………………… .
Answer:
Breathing

(iii) The number of times a person breathes in a minute is termed as ……………………. .
Answer:
Breathing rate

(iv) Exchange of gases in the leaves of plants takes place through ……………….. .
Answer:
Stomata

(v) The skin of an earthworm is …………….. to touch.
Answer:
Wet and slippery

2. State True or False:

(i) Frogs breathe through their skin as well as lungs.
Answer:
True

(ii) We cannot feel breathing movements in our body.
Answer:
False

(iii) Aerobic respiration produces more energy than anaerobic respiration.
Answer:
True

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

(iv) During heavy exercise the breathing rate of a person slows down.
Answer:
True

(v) Insects have organ, called trachea for respiration.
Answer:
True

3. Match the Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Lenticels (a) Gills
(ii) Yeast (b) Old stem
(iii) Fish (c) Skin
(iv) Stomata (d) Alcohol
(v) Earthworm (e) Leaves

Answer:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Lenticels (b) Old stem
(ii) Yeast (d) Alcohol
(iii) Fish (a) Gills
(iv) Stomata (e) Leaves
(v) Earthworm (c) Skin

4. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
The earthworms respire through:
(a) Trachea
(b) Gills
(c) Lungs
(d) Skin.
Answer:
(d) Skin

Question (ii)
Respiration helps in:
(a) Digestion
(b) Energy production
(c) Locomotion
(d) Chromosomes.
Answer:
(b) Energy production.

Question (iii)
In cockroaches, air enters the body through:
(a) Skin
(b) Lungs
(c) Spiracles
(d) Gills.
Answer:
(c) Spiracles.

Question (iv)
In old and woody stem gaseous exchange take place through:
(a) Stomata
(b) Lenticels
(c) Root hair
(d) Do not respire.
Answer:
(b) Lenticels.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Question (v)
During heavy exercise we get cramps due to:
(a) Glucose
(b) Oxygen
(c) Lactic acid
(d) Alcohol.
Answer:
(c) Lactic acid.

5. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Define the term breathing rate.
Answer:
Breathing Rate. The number of times a person breathes in a minute, is called the breathing rate. Breathing once means inhaling once and exhaling once.

Question (ii)
What is respiration ? Name two types of respiration.
Answer:
Respiration. This is a simple physical activity during which oxygen-rich air from the atmosphere is drawn into the respiratory organs (lungs in humans). This part of the respiratory system is called breathing and after breathing, carbon dioxide-rich air is expelled from the respiratory tract into the atmosphere.
There are two types of respirations:

  1. Aerobic respiration.
  2. Anaerobic respiration.

6. Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Why do we get muscle cramps after heavy excercise ?
Answer:
After exercise we feel tired due to Anaerobic respiration. In the absence of oxygen, lactic acid is formed due to the partial oxidation of glucose. Lactic acid builds up in the muscles causing fatigue and stiffness.

Question (ii)
Why does an over watered potted plant die ?
Answer:
When we water the plants more than what plants need, they die. This is because more water fills the air spaces between the soil particles. As a result, the roots of the plants do not get enough oxygen.

Question (iii)
Why do we often sneeze when we inhale a lot of dust-laden air ?
Answer:
When we inhale in a dusty environment, the unwanted dust particles get trapped in the nasal passage, nasal hair and mucus causing irritation or itching in the nose which makes us sneeze. With the onset of sneezing, those unnecessary dust particles are expelled and clean air begins to enter our lungs.

7. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
How respiration is different from breathing ?
Answer:
Differences between Respiratory and Breathing.

Respiration Breathing
(1) This action takes place in cells. (1) This action takes place outside the cells.
(2) Energy is produced in this action. (2) This action does not produce energy.
(3) It is a chemical reaction. (3) It is a physical activity in which gases are exchanged.
(4) Respiratory organs are not required in this activity. (4) The respiratory organs (lungs) are required.
(5) It requires enzymes. (5) Enzymes are not required in this activity.
(6) This action produces carbon dioxide and energy. (6) It releases carbon dioxide.
(7) It involves oxidation of glucose. (7) It draws in oxygen.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Question (ii)
Draw a labelled diagram of human respiratory system.
Answer:
Labelled diagram of human Respiratory System:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms 1

Question (iii)
List similarities and differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Answer:
Difference between Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration :

Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration
(1) This action occurs in the presence of oxygen. (1) This action takes place in the absence of oxygen.
(2) This action takes place in both the biological fluid and the mitochondria biological fluid. (2) This action takes place only in the of the cells.
(3) In aerobic respiration, complete oxidation of glucose occurs. (3) In anaerobic respiration incomplete oxidation of glucose takes place.
(4) In this action CO2 and water are formed. (4) Alcohol and carbon dioxide are formed in this process.
(5) In this action from a molecule of glucose 38 ATP molecules are free. (5) From a molecule of glucose in this action 2 ATP molecules are free.
(6) Complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose releases 673 kcal of energy. (6) Partial oxidation of one molecule of glucose releasing 21 kilo calorie of energy.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Respiration in Organisms Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) Organisms that do not require oxygen for respiration are called ………………..
Answer:
Anaerobic organisms

(ii) Accumulation of ………………….. causes stiffness in muscles.
Answer:
Lactic acid

(iii) Our breathing rate ………………… when we do exercise or work hard.
Answer:
Increases

(iv) The leaves of plants use ……………….. for the exchange of gases.
Answer:
Stomata

(v) Fishes breathe through …………………..
Answer:
Gills

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

2. Match the Column ‘I’ with Column ‘II’:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(a) Yeast (i) Earthworm
(b) Diaphragm (ii) Gills
(c) Skin (iii) Alcohol
(d) Leaves (iv) Chest Cavity
(e) Fish (v) Stomata
(f) Frog (vi) Lungs and skin

Answer:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(a) Yeast (iii) Alcohol
(b) Diaphragm (iv) Chest Cavity
(c) Skin (i) Earthworm
(d) Leaves (v) Stomata
(e) Fish (vi) Gills
(f) Frog (vii) Lungs and skin

3. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
Which one of the following is an anaerobic organism ?
(a) Cow
(b) Yeast
(c) Frog
(d) Butterfly.
Answer:
(b) Yeast.

Question (ii)
The percentage of CO2 in exhaled air is:
(a) 0.4%
(b) 4%
(c) 4.4%
(d) 14.4%.
Answer:
(c) 4.4%.

Question (iii)
The products of anaerobic respiration are:
(a) Carbohydrate and O2
(b) Ethylalcohol and CO2
(c) Carbohydrate and CO2
(d) Ethylalcohol and O2
Answer:
(b) Ethylalcohol and CO2

Question (iv)
Respiratory organs of fish are:
(a) Skin
(b) Lungs
(c) Gills
(d) Stomata.
Answer:
(c) Gills.

Question (v)
Plants carry out photosynthesis only during:
(a) Night
(b) Day
(c) Day and Night
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Day

Question (vi)
Respiratory organs of frog are:
(a) Lungs and Skin
(b) Gills
(c) Only skin
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Lungs and Skin.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Question (vii)
The Vital biological system of organisms is:
(a) Digestion
(b) Reproduction
(c) Excretion
(d) Respiration.
Answer:
(d) Respiration.

Question (viii)
Which organism uses more than one organ for respiration?
(a) Fish
(b) Cockroach
(c) Human
(d) Frog.
Answer:
(d) Frog.

Question (ix)
Air enters ¡n the body of cockroach:
(a) Through lungs
(b) Through gilds
(e) Through spricales
(d) Through skin.
Answer:
(e) Through spricals.

4. State True or False:

(i) During heavy exercise the breathing rate of a person slows down.
Answer:
False

(ii) Plants carry out photosynthesis only during the day and respiration only at night.
Answer:
False

(iii) Frogs breathe through their apart from skin.
Answer:
True

(iv) The fishes have lungs for respiration.
Answer:
False

(v) The size of the chest cavity increases during inhalation.
Answer:
True

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Very Short Answer Type Qucstions

Question 1.
Name the energy giving processes.
Answer:
Nutrition and respiration.

Question 2.
What are the end products of aerobic respiration ?
Answer:
Carbon dioxide, water and energy.

Question 3.
What are the end products of anaerobic respiration ?
Answer:
Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

Question 4.
Define breathing.
Answer:
Breathing. The process by which organisms take oxygen from environment and release carbon dioxide, is called breathing.

Question 5.
What are the two main processes in respiration ?
Answer:
The two main processes in respiration are:
(i) Breathing i.e. taking in O2 and giving out CO2.
(ii) Using O2 in the cells (internal respiration).

Question 6.
What are anaerobes ?
Answer:
Anaerobes. Organisms which can survive in absence of free air are called anaerobes.

Question 7.
Give an example of anaerobe.
Answer:
Yeast.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Question 8.
What is cellular respiration ?
Answer:
Cellular respiration. Respiration taking place in living cells is called cellular respiration.

Question 9.
Which functions of cell need energy ?
Answer:
Nutrition, transport, excretion, reproduction.

Question 10.
What is the reason of cramps in legs ?
Answer:
Formation of lactic acid.

Question 11.
How can the muscles of legs be relieved ?
Answer:
By massaging or taking hot water bath.

Question 12.
When does breathing rate increase ?
Answer:
During exercise or running.

Question 13.
What is diaphragm ?
Answer:
Diaphragm. It is a large muscular sheet forming the floor of chest cavity.

Question 14.
What happens to chest cavity during inhalation ?
Answer:
During inhalation, the space in chest cavity increases.

Question 15.
When does the space in chest cavity decrease ?
Answer:
During exhalation.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is anaerobic respiration ?
Answer:
Anaerobic respiration. Some cells like bacteria and yeast release energy by breaking down glucose into ethyl alcohol and CO2 in the absence of oxygen. This process is called anaerobic respiration.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Question 2.
What are stomata ? Give two functions of stomata.
Answer:
Stomata. These are the small holes (pores) present on the lower surface of leaves. It is guarded by two kidney-shaped guard cells. The light affects its opening.
Functions. (i) Exchange of gases, (ii) Control of transpiration.

Question 3.
Explain respiration in plants.
Answer:
Respiration in plants. Plants, during the process of photosynthesis, give off oxygen which is utilized during respiration.
Stomata are the openings located on the lower surface of the leaves which are guarded by two kidney-shaped guard cells. Through stomatal opening exchange of gases takes place.

Question 4.
Is respiration the same as breathing ?
Answer:
Resiration and breathing are not the same processes. During respiration oxidation of food occurs along with the release of energy. It is purely a chemical process. Breathing is purely a physical process. It mainly occurs by inhalation and exhalation. In breathing simply exchange of gases occurs, where O2 is drawn in and carbon dioxide is thrown out.

Question 5.
Give chemical equation for Aerobic respiration.
Answer:
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + energy.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

Question 6.
Give an account of movement of ribs during inhalation and exhalation processes.
Answer:
Movement of Ribs

  1. During inhalation. Ribs move up and outwards to increase space in chest cavity.
  2. During exhalation. Ribs move down and inwards to decrease space in chest cavity.

Question 7.
Describe the importance of respiration in plants. .
Answer:
Importance of respiration in plants. During respiration the energy rich foodstuffs (glucose and fructose) are changed into water and carbon dioxide accompanied by the release of usable energy which is necessary for the sustenance of plant life. The carbon dioxide so released is made use of in the manufacture of food by the plant during the process of photosynthesis.

Question 8.
Give an account of respiration in fishes.
Answer:
Respiration in fishes. Fishes live in water and breathe through gills which is their breathing organ. Fishes take in water through their mouth and force is out through the gills. In gills water and blood flow in opposite direction to increase diffusion of oxygen.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms 2

Long Answer Type Question

Question 1.
Show by an experiment that CO2 is present in the exhaled air.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms 3
We can prove by the following experiment that CO2 is present in the exhaled air:
Experiment. Set up the apparatus as shown in the figure. Exhale air through your mouth into the tube provided for this purpose. You will notice that the lime water is kept in test B. Through which exhaled air is passing has turned milky.

On the other hand, test tube A through which exhaled air is not passing has shown slight milkiness due to atmosphere air entering from the side tube. It proves that carbon dioxide is present in exhaled air which has turned lime water present in test tube B milky and milkiness is due to the formation of calcium carbonate in the figure.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms 4

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Science Guide for Class 7 PSEB Transportation in Animals and Plants Intext Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 131)

Question 1.
What is pulse rate ?
Answer:
Pulse rate. The number of times a person’s heart beats per minute, called pulse rate.

Question 2.
Where can we feel the pulse ?
Answer:
We can feel the pulse on the neck, behind the knee and near the ankle and wrist joints.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 134)

Question 1.
What is a stethoscope ?
Answer:
Stethoscope. Doctors use a stethoscope to hear the sounds of the heart and lungs inside the patient’s body while examining his condition. The stethoscope has a chest piece at one end and an ear piece at the other end. The two pieces are connected by a rubber tube.

Question 2.
Is there any relationship between heart beat and pulse rate ?
Answer:
Both the pulse rate and the heart rate are the same because the contraction of the heart increases the blood pressure in the arteries which is detected by the pulse rate. Therefore, a pulse test is a direct measure of the heart rate.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 137)

Question 1.
Define osmosis.
Answer:
Osmosis. This is the process by which a solvent passes through a semi-permeable membrane from a low-concentration solution to a solution of high concentration so that the concentration of solutions on both sides of the membrane become equal.

Question 2.
Define semi-permeable membrane.
Answer:
Semi-permeable membrane. It is a type of organic or organic polymer membrane through which some molecules or ions (charged particles) can pass through diffusion.

PSEB 7th Class Science Guide Transportation in Animals and Plants Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) In plants, water and minerals are transported by ………………. .
Answer:
Roots

(ii) Doctors use …………………. to listen the internal sounds of the body.
Answer:
stethoscope

(iii) Sweat contains water and …………………
Answer:
salts

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

(iv) The blood vessels having thick elastic walls are called ………………….
Answer:
artery

(v) The rhythmic contraction and expansion of heart is called …………………..
Answer:
heartbeat

2. State True or False:

(i) Phloem vessels transport food materials in plants.
Answer:
False

(ii) Deoxygenated blood is carried back to heart by veins.
Answer:
True

(iii) The veins have thick walls.
Answer:
True

(iv) Blood plasma is the solid component of blood.
Answer:
False

(v) The red colour of blood is due to the presence of plasma.
Answer:
False

3. Match the Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Transport of water (a) Stomata
(ii) Red in colour (b) Xylem
(iii) Exchange of gases (c) Haemoglobin
(iv) Blood clotting (d) Phloem
(v) Transport of food (e) Platelets

 Answer:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Transport of water (b) Xylem
(ii) Red in colour (c) Haemoglobin
(iii) Exchange of gases (a) Stomata
(iv) Blood clotting (e) Platelets
(v) Transport of food (d) Phloem

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

4. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
Blood cells responsible for clotting are:
(a) Plasma
(b) WBC’s
(c) RBC’s
(d) Platelets
Answer:
(d) Platelets.

Question (ii)
The lower chambers of heart are called:
(a) Atria
(b) Valves
(c) Veins
(d) Ventricles
Answer:
(b) Valves.

Question (iii)
The excretory system consists of:
(a) Kidney
(b) Bladder
(c) Urethra
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.

Question (iv)
The muscular organ which beats continuously to act as a pump
(a) Auricles
(b) Kidney
(c) Heart
(d) Veins.
Answer:
(c) Heart.

Question (v)
Blood contains:
(a) Plasma
(b) WBC’s
(c) RBC’s
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.

5. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Why is blood red in colour ?
Answer:
Red colour of blood is due to a pigment called haemoglobin which is a protein. It combines with iron molecules to form a complex compound and carries oxygen to different parts of the body. Due to the high amount of iron in it, it reflects the red color, which makes the colour of blood red.

Question (ii)
Define translocation.
Answer:
Translocation. The process of transmitting food materials from the leaves to other parts of the plant is called translocation.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Question (iii)
What is dialysis ?
Answer:
Dialysis. If a person’s both kidneys are damaged, the blood does not get filtered properly, causing harmful solids and fluid to pile up in the body. Such person cannot live long unless his blood is filtered regularly through an artificial kidney. The process of removing toxins from the blood with the help of a machine (artificial kidney), is called dialysis.

6. Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
State three functions of blood.
Answer:
Functions of blood:

  1. Oxygenated blood transfers nutrients to the lungs and tissues.
  2. The blood carries the waste products to the kidneys.
  3. The blood carries antibodies to fight infection.
  4. Blood controls body temperature.

Question (ii)
Name the parts of excretory system in humans.
Answer:
Parts of Excretory System in humans. The following are the main components of the humipi excretion system :

  1. Kidneys
  2. Ureters
  3. Urinary bladder
  4. Urethra.

Question (iii)
Why do veins have valves ?
Answer:
The main function of the valves in the veins is to stop the blood from coming back because they have low blood pressure. That is, it is ensured that the blood is flowing in one direction. The valves in the veins help the blood to flow to the heart in the opposite direction of gravity.

7. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Write and explain the components of blood.
Answer:
Components of Blood. Blood is a fluid connective tissue, made up of four main components :
(1) Red blood cells,
(2) White blood cells,
(3) Platelets and
(4) Plasma.

(1) Red blood cells (R.B.C.). These contain proteins called haemoglobin which carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in the respiration process.

(2) White Blood Cells (W.B.C.). They destroy harmful bacteria and dead cells from the body and protects from infection.

(3) Platelets. They help build blood clotting. Thus stop the loss of precious blood.

(4) Plasma. It is also part of the blood, which contains proteins, hormones, glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, mineral salts, digestible and excretory substances. It is a major component of blood.

Question (ii)
Describe the function of Heart.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants 1
Function of the Heart. The heart is an organ which beats continuously to act as a pump for the transportation of blood. The arteries receive oxygenated blood from the heart and supply it throughout the body. Whereas, the veins carry the deoxygenated blood from the body parts to the heart for oxygenation.

The right atrium receives blood from veins and pumps it to the right ventricle.
The right ventricle pumps the blood received from the right atrium to the lungs.
The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood throughout the body.
The valves in the heart allow blood to flow in only one direction and prevent the blood from flowing backwards.

Question (iii)
Draw a labelled diagram of excretory system.
Answer:
Diagram of Human Excretary System.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants 2

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Question (iv)
Differentiate between Arteries and Veins.
Answer:
Differences between the Arteries and Veins:

Arteries Veins
(1) The arteries carry blood from the heart to different parts of the body. (1) Veins collect blood from different parts of the body and carry it to the heart.
(2) They do not have valves. (2) They have valves.
(3) Their walls are thick. (3) Their walls are thin.
(4) All the arteries except the pulmonary artery carry pure blood. (4) Veins other than lung veins carry impure blood containing Carbon dioxide.
(5) These are present deep under the skin. (5) These are present at shallow depths under the skin
(6) Blood flow is fast and jerky. (6) Blood flow is slow.

Question (v)
Explain the transportation of substances in plants.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants 3
Transport of substances in plants. Plants take water and carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere to prepare their food with the help of chlorophyll in the presence of sunlight. Water and mineral salts are absorbed by the roots and transported to the leaves where photosynthesis takes place.

Transport of water and minerals in plants. Plants get water and minerals from the soil. This is usually done by the roots. The roots have root hairs which increase the surface area of the roots which helps the roots to absorb water and the minerals dissolved in it. The emission of water in the leaves creates a force of attraction which helps water and nutrients to reach the top of plant. Plants have pipe-like vessels to transport water and nutrients from the soil. Veins are made up of a special type of dead cell called a Xylem.

Transportation of Food. Food produced by photosynthesis in plant leaves needs to be transported to every part of the plant. The tissue responsible for transporting food to plants is called the Phloem. The phloem carries the glucose produced in the leaves to all parts of the plant. The process of transfer of food prepared in the leaves to other parts of the plant is called transport.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Transportation in Animals and Plants Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) The blood from heart is transported to all parts of the body by …………….. .
Answer:
Arteries

(ii) Haemoglobin is present in ………………. cells.
Answer:
Red blood

(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of ……………………….
Answer:
Capillaries

(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of heart is called ………………….
Answer:
Heart beat

(v) The main excretory product in human beings is ……………….. .
Answer:
Urine

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

(vi) Sweat contains water and ………………….
Answer:
Salts

(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called ………………. .
Answer:
Urine

(viii) Water reaches great height in the trees because of sunction pull caused by …………………….. .
Answer:
transpiration

2. Match the Column T with Column ‘II’:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(i) Stomata (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem (d) Transport of water

 Answer:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(i) Stomata (b) Transpiration
(ii) Xylem (d) Transport of water
(iii) Root hairs (a) Absorption of water
(iv) Phloem (c) Transport of food.

3. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
How many chambers are there in human heart ?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four.
Answer:
(d) Four.

Question (ii)
Name the instrument used to measure heart beat.
(a) Stethoscope
(b) Horoscope
(c) Microscope
(d) Telescope.
Answer:
(a) Stethoscope.

Question (iii)
Which is excretory organ of man ?
(a) Lung
(b) Kidney
(c) Stomach
(d) Heart.
Answer:
(b) Kidney.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Question (iv)
What are the components of blood ?
(a) R.B.C.
(b) W.B.C.
(c) Blood platelets
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
(d) All of the above.

Question (v)
What is heart beat rate per minute of a healthy human being ?
(a) 72-80
(b) 52-60
(c) 92-100
(d) 62-70.
Answer:
(a) 72-80.

Question (vi)
Which of the following is not a part of excretory system ?
(a) Kidney
(b) Lungs
(c) Urinary bladder
(d) Urethra.
Answer:
(b) Lungs.

4. State True or False:

(i) The transport of substances in Spirogyra occurs by diffusion method.
Answer:
True

(ii) Platelets are not required for blood clotting.
Answer:
False

(iii) Emissions in Hydra are not by diffusion method.
Answer:
False

(iv) Xylem and phloem are vascular tissues.
Answer:
True

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the main conducting tissues in plants ?
Answer:
Xylem and phloem are the main conducting tissues of plants.

Question 2.
What is the function of valves in heart ?
Answer:
Valves present in heart allow one way flow of blood.

Question 3.
Name the procedure used in the working of an artificial kidney.
Answer:
Haemodialysis.

Question 4.
To which part of body is urine carried through ureter ?
Answer:
Urinary bladder.

Question 5.
What is Urethra ?
Answer:
Urethra. It is a muscular tube which carries urine from urinary bladder to outside through the opening at its end.

Question 6.
Name the substance which is excreted by lungs.
Answer:
Carbon dioxide.

Question 7.
What is dialysis ?
Answer:
Dialysis. The process of removing waste products form blood using artificial kidney in place of natural kidney, is called dialysis.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Question 8.
What is transpiration ?
Answer:
Transpiration. The loss of water in the form of water vapours from the surface of leaves is called transpiration.

Question 9.
What red pigment is present in red blood cells ?
Answer:
Haemoglobin.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are capillaries ? Give their functions.
Answer:
Capillaries. They are blood vessels present in the terminals of artery and vein. They are thin walled and extremely narrow tubes. Exchange of food materials, gases, w ater, hormones etc. take place across the thin walls of capillaries.

Question 2.
Name the parts of the human circulatory system.
Answer:
The circulatory system of the human body consists of:

  1. Heart, centrally located pump.
  2. Blood, liquid tissue.
  3. Arteries. Blood carrying tubes from the heart to different body parts.
  4. Veins. Blood bringing tubes from different body parts to the heart.
  5. Capillaries. Union of arteries and veins.

Question 3.
What are heart beat and pulse rate ?
Answer:
Heart beat. A heart beat consists of one auricular systole, one ventricular systole and then a short pause. At rest, human heart beats 72 times per minute. It can be listened with the help of stethoscope.

Pulse rate. When the ventricles contract, the blood is forced into the aorta and exerts the pressure on the wall of the aorta. The pressure difference between systole (about 120 mm Hg) and diastole (about 80 mm Hg) is known as pulse pressure (about 40 mm Hg). This blood pressure is expressed as 120/ 80. The heart beats 72 times per minute is referred to as the pulse rate.

Question 4.
Give reasons:
(i) Veins have valves at intervals in their inner lining whereas the arteries do not have valves.
(ii) The wall of the ventricles is thicker than that of the auricles.
(iii) The blood from the right ventricle enters the pulmonary artery, but cannot go back from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.
(iv) The left auricle contains oxygenated blood.
(v) The red blood corpuscles cannot divide.
(vi) Pulmonary artery contains deoxygenated blood.
(vii) Auricles are thin walled chambers.
(viii) Left ventricle is much thicker and muscular than the right ventricle of the heart.
Answer:
(i) Veins are thin walled and collapsible. Their lumen is comparatively wide. They take deoxygenated blood from various parts of the body back to heart. To prevent the backflow of blood, valves are present at intervals.

Arteries are thick walled and non-collapsible. Their lumen is narrow. As the blood in arteries flows with jerks the latter do not have valves.

(ii) Since blood is supplied to different organs of the body by ventricles, their wall is thicker than those of auricles because a thick wall exerts more pressure on the blood.

(iii) The opening of right ventricle into the pulmonary artery is guarded by semilunar valves which allow the flow of blood from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery, but not in the reverse direction. Hence blood from the right ventricle enters the pulmonary artery, but cannot go back from pulmonary artery to right ventricle.

(iv) The left auricle contains oxygenated blood, because it receives blood from the lungs where blood is oxygenated.

(v) The red blood corpuscles cannot divide because they lack nuclei.

(vi) Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.

(vii) Auricles are collecting chambers for the blood, so they are thin walled to accommodate large volume of blood.

(viii) Left ventricle has to pump blood all over the body, under pressure, through the dorsal aorta. Hence, more muscular.

Question 5.
Name the different organs of excretory system.
Answer:
Different organs of excretory system:

  1. Kidney
  2. Ureter
  3. Urinary bladder
  4. Urethra
  5. Urinary opening.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Question 6.
Why is transportation of food materials necessary in plants ?
Answer:
Necessity of transportation of food materials. Each and every part of plant needs food for obtaining energy, growth and maintaining body. As the food is prepared in the leaves and water is absorbed by roots from the soil, so, it is necessary to transport the food materials in plants.

Question 7.
Why is transport of materials necessary in plant or an animal ? Explain.
Answer:
Transportation of materials in plants and animals is necessary as each and every part of organism need food for obtaining energy and building and maintaining body. As the food is prepared in leaves and water is absorbed by roots in plants and absorbed by digestive system in living organisms. So it is necessary to transport the materials in the plants and animals.

Question 8.
What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood ?
Answer:
Platelets help in clotting of blood. So, in absence of platelets, blood will not clot. So, if a person gets injured once, the whole blood will flow out and hence a person may die.

Question 9.
What are components of blood ?
Answer:
Components of blood are:

  1. Fluid matrix called plasma.
  2. Red blood corpuscles (RBC)
  3. White blood corpuscles (WBC)
  4. Blood Platelets.

Question 10.
Why is blood needed by all parts of a body ?
Answer:
Need of blood:

  1. It transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  2. It helps in clotting.
  3. It carries nutritive and waste materials, enzymes and hormones etc.
  4. It helps in excretion of wastes.

Question 11.
What makes the blood look red ?
Answer:
Blood is red in colour due to presence of a pigment, haemoglobin in red blood corpuscles.

Question 12.
Describe the function of the heart.
Answer:
Functions of the heart :
The main function of heart is to pump blood to various parts of the body through blood
vessels.

The heart receives blood from the veins and pumps it to arteries. During relaxation both the atria get filled with blood. The left atrium is filled with oxygenated blood and right atrium gets filled with deoxygenated blood collected from different parts of the body.

When atria contracts, the valves open. As a result of this the oxygenated blood enters from the left atrium into the left ventricle while deoxygenated blood from right atrium enters into right ventricle.

When the ventricles contract, the valves get closed. Owing to it, the oxygenated blood is supplied to different parts of the body and deoxygenated blood is carried to lungs for purification.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Question 13.
Why is it necessary to excrete waste products ?
Answer:
Necessity to excrete waste products. As a result of various functions of cells, number of waste materials are formed in the body. Accumulation of these waste products may become toxic. So, these must be removed from the body as soon as these are formed.

Question 14.
Differentiate between Heart beat and Pulse rate.
Answer:
Differences between Heart beat and Pulse rate

Heart beat Pulse Rate
(i) It is the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of heart. (i) It is the rhythmic contraction and relaxation in aorta and its main arteries.
(ii) One complete heart beat consists of one systole and one diastole and lasts for about 0.8 second. (ii) Pulse is a regular jerk of an artery. It depends on the rate of heart beat.

Question 15.
Differentiate between Transpiration and Respiration.
Answer:
Difference between Transpiration and Respiration

Transpiration Respiration
(i) It takes place in plants. (i) It takes place in animals.
(ii) Only water vapour is removed. (ii) Sweat containing urea, uric acid and salts are removed.
(iii) It takes place through the leaves and stem and through the stomata and lenticles. (iii) It takes place through the skin. It takes place through the sweat pores of the sweat glands.

Long Answer Type Question

Question 1.
Describe the structure of the human excretory (urinary) system.
Answer:
The human excretory (urinary) system consists of the following organs:

  • Kidneys
  • Ureters
  • Urinary bladder
  • Urethra.

(i) Kidneys. The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped delicate organs. They are situated one on each side of the mid-dorsal line of the abdominal cavity, just below the level of the stomach.

(ii) Ureters. They are two tubes about 30 cm long, emerging from each kidney with the pelvis of which they are continuous. The ureters run downwards and inwards and open into the urinary bladder.

(iii) Urinary bladder. It serves as a reservoir for the urine. It is a hollow muscular organ lined with stratified epithelium. Its average capacity for storage of urine is about 500 ml.

(iv) Urethra. The urethra in the two sexes differs. The male urethra is about 20 cm in length. While that of females is only 1.5 cm in length.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants 4

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Computer Science Book Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Computer Science Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Computer Guide for Class 7 PSEB Microsoft Word (Part-IV) Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
……………….. key is used to move the cursor in the next adjoining cell of a table.
(a) Ctrl
(b) Shift
(c) Tab
(d) Home.
Answer
(c) Tab

Question 2.
The table button is present on the …………. tab.
(a) Home
(b) Layout
(c) Insert
(d) View.
Answer
(c) Insert

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 3.
We can change the width of the column by selecting the ………….. button in the Table Group.
(a) Select
(b) View Grid lines
(c) Properties
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Properties

Question 4.
A ………………. consists of a number of columns and rows.
(a) Document
(b) Table
(c) View
(d) Data.
Answer:
(b) Table

Question 5.
A ………….. is an intersection of columns and rows.
(a) Cell
(b) Table
(c) View
(d) Data.
Answer:
(a) Cell

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Which key is used to move the cursor to the next cell in a table?
Answer:
Pressing the Tab key or right arrow keys moves the cursor to the next cell.

Question 2.
Intersection of a column and row is called?
Answer:
The intersection area of the row and column is called the cell.

Question 3.
Which group of Layout tab contains the split cells option?
Answer:
The split cell option is in the Merge group of the Layout tab.

Question 4.
Which option can be used to join two or more cells?
Answer:
Two or more cells can be merged using the Merge option.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define Table.
Answer:
A table is a collection of rows and columns where data is grouped together. Rows are placed horizontally and columns are placed vertically in the table and the intersection of a row and column is known as Cell. Cells are small boxes in the worksheet where we enter data.

Question 2.
Write the name of options for inserting a table in Word document?
Answer:
In MS Word, we can create tables in three ways:

  • With the help of Table Buttons.
  • With the help of Insert Table option.
  • With the help of Draw Table option.

Question 3.
What is the use of Split Cells option?
Answer:
Microsoft Word allows cells to be divided into multiple cells. Steps to divide a cell into several smaller sub-cells are as follows:

  • Place mouse pointer inside the cell that you want to split into several cells.
  • Now click on the “Layout” tab and then click on the “Split cells” button from the “Merge” group.
  • A “Split Cells” dialog box will open and ask about the Number of columns/ Number of Rows.
  • Select the required number of rows and columns.
  • Click the OK button.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 4.
What is the use of Merged Cells option?
Answer:
Microsoft Word allows two or more cells to merge to form one large cell. You will often need to combine the columns in the top row to create a table title. You can combine cells row-by-column or column-by-column, you can’t mix cells diagonally.
The steps for merging cells are as follows:

  • Select the cells we want to merge.
  • Click the Merge Cells button from the Merge group on the Layout tab.
  • When clicked, this option will convert all selected cells into one cell.

Question 5.
How will you enter data in Table Cells?
Answer:
The steps for inserting text into a table are given below:
1. Click on the cell in which you want to insert the text.
2. Now type.
Or
You can also add text using copy paste.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How do you insert a table in your document? Explain any method briefly.
Answer:
In MS Word, we can create tables in three ways:
1. With the help of Table Buttons.
2. With the help of Insert Table option.
3. With the help of Draw Table option.

1. Creating a table using the Table Button
The following are the steps to create a table with the help of table button:

  • Place your cursor where you want to create the table.
  • In the Insert tab, click on the “Table” command from the Table group.
  • Now a grid will open.
  • From this grid, select the rows and columns according to your need.
  • The table you selected will now appear on the screen.

2. Creating a table using the Insert Table option
Below are the steps to create a table using the Insert Table option:

  • In the Insert tab, click on the “Table” command from the Table group.
  • A drop-down menu will open. Click on the “Insert Table” option from this menu.
  • The Insert Table dialog box will appear.
  • In this box, specify the number of rows and columns and click on the ok button.

3. Creating a table with the help-of a Draw table option
The steps to create a table with the help of a draw table option are as follows:

  • In the Insert tab, click on the Table command from the Table group.
  • A drop-down menu will open, click on the Draw Table option from this menu.
  • The mouse pointer will turn into a pencil.
  • Draw a rectangle on the page with the help of a pencil.
  • Draw vertical and horizontal lines to form columns and rows as needed.

Question 2.
Explain Properties button of Layout Tab.
Answer:
With the Table Properties dialog box we can adjust the alignment of the table and the size of the row, column or cell.
PSEB 7th ClPSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) 1.1ass Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) 1
In MS Word we can also split or merged the Cells into a table.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

PSEB 7th Class Computer Guide Microsoft Word (Part-IV) Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Tables can be drawn in Word using the…………….and ……………. buttons.
(a) Home, Insert, Design table
(b) Table, Insert, Draw table
(c) Both Options are Correct
(d) Both Options are Incorrect.
Answer:
(b) Table, Insert, Draw table

Question 2.
……………. is called a set of rows and columns.
(a) Cell
(b) Table
(c) Documents
(d) None.
Answer:
(b) Table

Question 3.
The table command is available on the……………. tab.
(a) Home
(b) Design
(c) Review
(d) Insert.
Answer:
(d) Insert.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 4.
With the…………….option we can draw tables as we wish.
(a) Insert Table
(b) Add Table
(c) Draw Table
(d) Quick Table.
Answer:
(c) Draw Table

Question 5.
Clicking the ……………. arrow button moves the cursor to the next cell.
(a) Left arrow
(b) Right arrow
(c) Down arrow
(d) Up arrow.
Answer:
(b) Right arrow

Question 6.
The ……………. option is used to convert text to a table.
(a) Insert Table
(b) Convert Table to Text
(c) Draw Table
(d)Convert Text to Table.
Answer:
(b) Convert Table to Text

Question 7.
Split table is present in ……………. group of Layout tab.
(a) Merge
(b) Clipboard
(c) Style
(d) Design.
Answer:
(a) Merge

Question 8.
The ……………. option adds a new cell to the right of the existing cell.
(a) Auto fill
(b) Insert right
(c) Insert left
(d) Merge cell.
Answer:
(b) Insert right

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 9.
……………. option is used to delete the table.
(a) Merge Table
(b) Split Table
(c) Remove
(d) Delete Table.
Answer:
(d) Delete Table.

Question 10.
The ……………. option is used to add a new row at the above of insertion point.
(a) Insert Row
(b) Insert Below
(c) Insert Above
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(c) Insert Above

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

2. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the steps to covert text into table.
Answer:
Steps to convert text into table are as follows:

  • Select the text which you want to convert into table.
  • Click on the “Table” command in the ‘Table” group of the Insert tab.
  • Select the command “Convert Text To Table”.
  • The “Convert Text to Table” dialog box opens.
  • Select the desired option in the Separate text at section.
  • Click OK button.

Question 2.
With which tabs we can modify the table?
Answer:
Design and layout tabs are used to modify the tables.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 3.
Write the steps to add a row into the table.
Answer:
In MS Word we have 2 ways to add row into the table. Which are as follows:
Method 1.
Below are the steps to add rows to the table:

  • Place the cursor in the table where you want to add the new row.
  • Now right click on the mouse, a drop-down menu will appear on the screen.
  • Click on the Insert option from this menu.
  • If you want to add a new row above the insertion point, click on the “Insert Row Above” option.
  • If you want to add a new row below the insertion point, click on the “Insert Row Below” option.
  • A new row will appear above the insertion point.

Method 2.
The step of adding rows to the table is given below:

  • Place the cursor in the table where you want to add the new row.
  • From the “Rows & Columns” group of the “Layout tab”, click on the “Insert Above/Insert Below” option.
  • A new row will appear below/above the insertion point

Question 4.
Write the steps to add columns from right click.
Answer:

  • Place the insertion point where you want to add new column.
  • Right-click on the mouse. A menu will appear.
  • Click on the Insert option from this menu.
  • If you want to add a new column to the left of the insertion point, click on the “Insert Column to the left” option.
  • If you want to add a new column to the right of the insertion point, click on the “Insert Column to the right” option.
  • A new column will now appear to the right or left of the cursor.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 5.
Write the steps to remove a column.
Answer:
Here are the steps to delete a row or column from the table:

  • Select a row or column.
  • Right click your mouse. A menu will appear.
  • Click on the Delete Cells option.
  • A Delete Cell dialog box will now open.
  • Click “Delete entire column” option to delete the column.
  • The appropriate column will be deleted.

Delete columns using the Layout tab

  • Select the row or column you want to delete.
  • Click the “Delete” button from the Rows & Columns group of the Layout tab.
  • A drop-down menu will open.
  • From this menu, click the “Delete Column” option to delete the column.

3. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How can a table be converted into text and text into a table?
Answer:
Below are the steps for inserting text into a table:
1. Click on the cell in which you want to insert the text.
2. Now type
Or
You can also add text using copy paste

To Convert Text to a Table
Steps to convert text into table are as follows:

  • Select the text which you want to convert into table.
  • Click on the “Table” command in the “Table” group of the insert tab.
  • Select the command “Convert Murine of rows: Text To Table”.
  • The “Convert Text to Table” dialog box opens.
  • Select the desired option in the Separate text at section.
  • Click OK button.

Convert Table into Text:
Steps to convert table into text are as follows:

  • Select the rows of tables you want to convert to text.
  • On the Layout tab, in the Data section, click “Convert To Text”.
  • In the Convert Table box, under Separate Text With, click on the different character you want to use instead of the column boundaries. Rows will be separated by paragraph symbols.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 2.
Write about the inclusion of a cell in a table.
Answer:
Adding Cells to Tables:
In MS Word, you can add a new cell around the selected cell, such as right, left, up or down. The steps to add a new cell are as follows:

  • Click in the cell.
  • Press the right mouse button inside the cell.
  • From this menu click “Insert” and then click “insert cell” option.
  • Choose which side of the selected cell you want new cell.
    PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) 2

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV)

Question 3.
What are table properties and how they can be used?
Answer:
Properties of Tables
With the Table Properties dialog box we can adjust the alignment of the table and the size of the row, column or cell.
In MS Word we can also split or merged the Cells into a table.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) 4

Question 4.
What is ‘Splitting’ and how to split a table, a cell?
Answer:
Splitting the Cell:
Microsoft Word allows cells to be divided into multiple cells. Steps to divide a cell into several smaller sub-cells are as follows:
1. Place mouse pointer inside the cell that you want to split into several cells.
2. Now click on the “Layout” tab and then click on the “Split cells” button from the “Merge” group.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) 7
3. A “Split Cells” dialog box will open and ask about the Number of columns/ Number of Rows.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) 8
4. Select the required number of rows and columns
5. Click the OK button.

Splitting the Table:
Microsoft Word allows a table to be split into multiple tables but a single operation always splits the table into two tables.
The following are simple steps to split a table into two tables in a World Document.
1. Place the cursor in the row that you want to be the first row of the second table.
2. Click the Split Table button ‘ from the Merge group on the Layout tab.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 6 Microsoft Word (Part-IV) 9

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

Science Guide for Class 7 PSEB Electric Current and Its Effects Intext Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 175)

Question 1.
How many terminals are there in an electric cell? Name them.
Answer:
There are two terminals in an electric cell : (1) Positive and (2) Negative terminal.

Question 2.
What is the role of the switch in the electrical circuit?
Answer:
In electrical circuit the switch completes and breaks the circuit i.e. the switch is there to make the current flow in the complete electrical circuit and to stop the flow of current by breaking the circuit when required.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 176)

Question 1.
When switch is in ‘ON’ position then bulb …………………. and feels ……………… .
Answer:
Glows, hot.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 176)

Question 1.
When switch is OFF the wire feels hot. (True/False)
Answer:
False.

Question 2.
When switch is ON the wire feels cold. (True/False)
Answer:
False.

Question 3.
If you take any other wire, will you feel the same effect.
Answer:
Because the current heats up the wire because of thermal effect of electricity. It will feel the same when you take any other wire.

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 178)

Question 1.
Why a magnetic needle point in NS direction when there is no magnetic substance near it ?
Answer:
A magnetic needle is a unique magnet with one end as the North Pole and the other as the South Pole. Our earth behaves like a giant magnet with its magnetic north pole coinciding with its geographical south direction and its magnetic south pole coinciding with geographical north direction. The North Pole of a magnetic needle that is a magnet is free to rotate horizontally on its axis is attracted towards the earth’s magnetic South Pole and the south pole of the magnetic needle towards the earth’s magnetic north pole. So even though no magnetic substance nearby, the magnetic needle still points north-south direction.

Question 2.
Why magnetic needle gets deflected when a bar magnet is brought near it ?
Answer:
Similar poles of magnets repel each other and opposite poles attract each other. So when the rod magnet is brought close to the magnetic needle (which is a tight magnet), the magnetic needle, which is free to rotate, disintegrates.

Question 3.
Why a magnetic needle gets deflected when current is switched on ?
Answer:
When the electric current is turned on, the magnetic field indicates that a magnet is located near it as current carrying wire behaves like a magnet.

PSEB 7th Class Science Guide Electric Current and Its Effects Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) Shorter line in the symbol for cell represents …………………. .
Answer:
Negative terminal

(ii) Combination of two or more cells is called …………………. .
Answer:
Battery

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

(iii) When key is in ………………….. position current flows through the circuit.
Answer:
On

(iv) In a battery positive terminal of one cell is connected to ………………….. terminal of next cell.
Answer:
Positive

(v) Electric heater works on the ………………… effect of current.
Answer:
Heating

2. State True or False:

(i) To make a battery of two cells, positive terminal of one cell is connected to negative terminal of another.
Answer:
True

(ii) Electric iron works on the basis of heating effect of current.
Answer:
True

(iii) Magnetic crane is based on magnetic effect of current.
Answer:
True

(iv) When current flows in the circuit then circuit is called open circuit.
Answer:
False

(v) An electric bell works on the principle of electromagnet.
Answer:
True

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

3. Match the Column ‘I’ with Column ‘II’:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(i) Electrical cell (a) Electric component
(ii) Electrical heater (b) Heating effect of current
(iii) Electric fuse (c) Electromagnet
(iv) Magnetic crane (d) Safety device

Answer:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(i) Electrical cell (d) Safety device
(ii) Electrical heater (b) Heating effect of current
(iii) Electric fuse (a) Electric component
(iv) Magnetic crane (c) Electromagnet

4. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
Which appliance is not based on heating effect of current?
(a) Electric toaster
(b) Loudspeaker
(c) Heater
(d) Electric iron.
Answer:
(b) Loudspeaker.

Question (ii)
Which of these devices are not based on magnetic effect of current ?
(a) Room heater
(b) Magnetic crane
(c) Electric bell
(d) Loudspeaker.
Answer:
(a) Room heater

Question (iii)
The amount of heat produced in wire depends on:
(a) Nature of material
(b) Length
(c) Thickness
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.

Question (iv)
The wire used in the bulb is called:
(a) Element
(b) Spring
(c) Filament
(d) Component.
Answer:
(c) Filament.

Question (v)
An electric bell consists of:
(a) Gong
(b) Hammer
(c) Electromagnet
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.

5. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
What is an electromagnet ? How does it work ?
Answer:
Electromagnet. A piece of iron temporarily becomes a magnet when placed inside a current carrying coil of enamel-coated copper wire.
While when the electric current is switched off. it behaves like iron again i.e. it loses its magnetic properties.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

Question (ii)
What is a magnetic crane ? How does it work ?
Answer:
Magnetic Crane. It is a normal crane with a powerful electromagnet attached to one end. When a current is passed, it becomes a powerful magnet which attracts and separates the iron from the garbage and when the electric current is switched off, it loses its magnetic properties.

Question (iii)
Draw an electric circuit with one battery, one bulb and one switch in open position.
Answer:
Diagram of an electrical circuit with a battery, a bulb, and an open switch.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 1

6. Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Define the following:
(1) An Electric cell,
(2) A Battery,
(3) Electric circuit,
(4) Open circuit,
(5) Closed circuit.
Answer:
(1) An Electric Cell. It is a source of energy that converts chemical energy stored in it
into electrical energy. It has two electrodes – (1) positive electrode and (2) negative electrode.

(2) A Battery. This is a combination of two or more cells that are combined in a series order to get current. It is used in flashlights, toys and cars etc. where more current is required.

(3) Electric Circuit. The path that starts from one terminal of the cell through the bulb, reaches the other terminal and in which electric current can flow.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 2
(4) Open Circuit. If there is no current flowing through the electrical circuit, then such a circuit is called open circuit.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 3
5. Closed Circuit. An electrical circuit through which an electric current flows is called a closed circuit.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 4

7. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Explain the principle, construction and working of an electric bell using suitable diagram.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 5
Electric bell. It is a mechanical device that works on the principle of an electro magnet. This produces sound on repeated passing of electric current

Principle. A soft iron piece placed inside a copper coil carrying current behaves like a magnet.
Construction. It consists of the following main components:
1. Electromagnet. It consists of a laminated metal wire which is wrapped around an iron bar. This bar becomes an electriomagnet when an electric current passes through wire.
2. Hammer. It is an iron blade/ leaf with a small metal ball at one end called a hammer. It is placed near the electromagnet. There is a contact screw near the iron leaf.
3. Gong. It is made of a cup shaped metal. When the hammer is attracted it hits the bell and a sound is heard.

Working.
When we turn on the switch, Battery the contact screw comes in contact with the iron leaf due to which an electric current flows in the electric coil and it becomes an electromagnet. This electromagnet attracts the iron leaf, causing the hammer to strike the bell and make a sound but during this operation the contact of the hammer is broken by the screw which breaks the electrical circuit. Due to this the coil now has the same properties as an electromagnet and cannot attract an iron leaf. Now the iron leaf returns to its original position and touches the contact screw again. It again generates an electromagnet and the hammer strikes the bell again. This action is repeated quickly and the bell rings again and again.

Question (ii)
What is an electric fuse ? How does it work ? Why is it an essential component in an electric supply ?
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 6

Electric Fuse.
It is a safety device which prevents damages to electric circuits and prevents electric fires. Sometimes, the two wires of electricity at home and factories come in contact with each other and cause short circuit then the amount of electric current of circuit increases as a result of decrease in resistance and the electric appliances. The circuit catch fire due to production of heat. To Prevent this type of danger, fuse wires are connected to circuit wires.

Working.
In general, the fuse wire is a thin, small wire which is an alloy of copper, tin and lead. It has a very low melting point as compared to copper. This wire is connected between the two terminals of a Porcelain holder. For the circuit which is to keep safe, the two joining wires are connected in series.

The fuse wire has a fixed capacity according to its thickness. The fuse wire, when more current passes through it, melts after getting heated. The circuit breaks with the melting of the wire and the flow of electric current is obstructed. As a result the fault in any instrument or circuit is found out immediately. After removing that fault, a new fuse wire is put in fuse holder and the flow of electric current is started again.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Electric Current and Its Effects Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) An electrical circuit with standard symbols is called ………………….. .
Answer:
Circuit diagram

(ii) When we bring the switch to ‘ON’ position, the hot plate, electric toaster, and electric press get heated up due to ……………….. _ of electricity.
Answer:
Heating effect

(iii) Fuse is a ………………. device.
Answer:
Safety

(iv) Laminated copper wire wound around a wooden cylinder is called ………………. .
Answer:
Coil

(v) Magnet has two poles, one is ……………… pole and other is ……………… pole.
Answer:
North, South

(vi) Long line in the symbol of electric cell represents ……………… terminal.
Answer:
Positive

2. Match the Column ‘I’ with Column ‘II’:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(i) Circuit diagram (a) Making an electromagnet due to current
(ii) Electric bell (b) Electric fuse
(iii) Safety technique (c) Fuse wire
(iv) Melts quickly. (d) An electrical circuit with standard symbols

Answer:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(i) Circuit diagram (d) An electrical circuit with standard symbols
(ii) Electric bell (a) Making an electromagnet due to current
(iii) Safety technique (b) Electric fuse
(iv) Melts quickly. (c) Fuse wire

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

3. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
The device that breaks the electrical circuit:
(a) Electric Cell
(b) Electric Bulb
(c) Switch
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Switch.

Question (ii)
There are ……………… terminals of electric bulbs:
(a) Two
(b) Four
(c) Three
(d) One
Answer:
(a) Two.

Question (iii)
Used to make connecting wires:
(a) Rubber
(c) Plastic
(b) Aluminium
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(b) Aluminium.

Question (iv)
An electric current passed through an electric bulb but the bulb did not light up because:
(a) The filament is broken
(b) The filament is resistant to electricity
(c) The filament is the conductor of electricity
(d) None of these.
Answer:
The filament is broken.

Question (v)
The direction of electric current flowing from the cell in the electrical circuit is:
(a) From the positive terminal to the negative terminal
(b) From the negative terminal to the negative terminal
(c) Negative to positive terminal for the first half and positive to negative terminal for the next half.
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) From the positive terminal to negative terminal.

Question (vi)
Melting point of fuse wire should be:
(a) low
(b) high
(c) neither high nor low
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(a) low.

Question (vii)
The filament of the bulb is made of:
(a) Iron
(b) Copper
(c) Tungsten
(d) Tin.
Answer:
(c) Tungsten.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

Question (viii)
Fuse wire is made of:
(a) Tin
(b) Aluminium
(c) Lead
(d) Copper.
Answer:
(a) Tin.

Question (ix)
What is the reason for deflection of compass when the switch in ‘ON’ position ?
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 7
(a) Due to heat
(b) Formation of Magnetic Field
(c) Due to Chemical Reaction
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(b) Formation of Magnetic Field.

4. State True or False:

(i) The electromagnet attracts the safety pin when the flow of electric current is stopped.
Answer:
False

(ii) The strength of electromagnet doesn’t depend up on the number of turns of the coil wrapped around it.
Answer:
False

(iii) The direction of flow of electric current in an electrical circuit is from positive terminal to negative terminal.
Answer:
True

(iv) To make a battery, two or more cells have to be joined in series by connecting the negative terminal of the first cell to the positive terminal of the second cell and the negative terminal of the second cell to the positive of third cell.
Answer:
True

(v) The same poles of a magnet attract and opposite poles repel each other.
Answer:
False

(vi) To make battery of two cells the negative terminal to one cell is connected to negative terminal of another cell.
Answer:
False

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
From where does the torch get electricity ?
Answer:
Electric cell.

Question 2.
How many terminals an electric cell has ?
Answer:
Two terminals, one + ve and other – ve.

Question 3.
What is the function of an electric switch ?
Answer:
To make or break the electric circuit.

Question 4.
Which bulb does not glow even if it is connected to the cell ?
Answer:
Fused bulb.

Question 5.
What is the main reason of fused bulb ?
Answer:
A broken filament.

Question 6.
What is an electromagnet ?
Answer:
Electromagnet. A piece of soft iron which acquires magnetic properties on passing electric current, through a solenoid wound around iron piece, is called electromagnet.

Question 7.
On which factor does magnetism produced depends ?
Answer:
The magnetism produced depends on:

  1. Amount of current flowing through the coil.
  2. Number of turns wound on the soft iron piece.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Show how will you connect a bulb and a torch cell to make it glow ?
Answer:
Diagram showing connection of a bulb and torch cell.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 8

Question 2.
How can you test the conductivity of a given material ?
Answer:
To test conductivity of a given material, we connect the two ends of that material to positive (+) and negative (-) terminal of a cell through a bulb. If after connecting the material the bulb lights up, the material is a conductor and if bulb does not light up, the material is an insulator.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 9

Question 3.
Draw in your note book the symbols to represent the following components of an electrical circuit, connecting wires, switch in the ‘OFF’ position, Bulb, Cell, Switch in the ‘ON’ position and Battery.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 10

Question 4.
Name any two effects of electric current.
Answer:
Effects of electric current:

  1. Heating effect
  2. Magnetic effect.

Question 5.
When the current is switched on through a wire, a compass needle kept nearby gets deflected from its north-south position. Explain.
Answer:
On passing current, the wire behaves like a bar magnet and affects the compass needle kept nearby so that it gets deflected from its N – S position.

Question 6.
An electrician is carrying out some repairs in your house. He wants to replace a fuse by a piece of wire. Would you agree ? Give reasons for your suggestion.
Answer:
Fuse wire cannot be replaced by any wire because fuse wire must have low melting point. If any other ordinary wire is used then it may result in fire and destroy other electrical appliances.

Question 7.
What are the basic requirements for an electric circuit.
Answer:
The basic requirements of an electric circuit are:

  • Source of current (cell, battery etc.).
  • Electric device for supplying electric current.
  • Connectivity wires (for providing a path to the flow of current).
  • Switch (for making and breaking the circuit).

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects

Question 8.
Do you think an electromagnet can be used for separating plastic bags from a garbage heap ? Explain.
Answer:
No, plastic bags cannot be separated from garbage heap using an electromagnet because electromagnet can attract only magnetic materials towards it. If these plastic bags have metal / iron handles, only then they can be lifted by using an electromagnet.

Question 9.
Will the compass needle show deflection, when the switch in circuit shown in fig. given below is closed ?
Answer:
The compass needle will show deflection because circuit is complete. It is because when switch is closed, passage of current will produce a magnetic field around the in which causes deflection of compass needle.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 11

Question 10.
Zubeda made an electric circuit using a cell holder shown in fig. a switch and a bulb. When she put the switch in the ‘ON’ position the bulb did not glow. Help Zubeda in identifying the possible defect in the circuit.
Answer:
She may have connected -ve terminal to -ve terminal or positive terminal to the positive terminal in a cell holder.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 12

Question 11.
Fig. given below shows four cells fixed on a board. Draw lines to indicate how will you connect their terminals with wires to make a battery of four cells.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 13
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 14

Question 12.
The bulb in the circuit shown in fig. given below does not glow. Can you identify the problem ? Make necessary changes in the circuit to make the bulb glow.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 15
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 16

Long Answer Type Question

Question 1.
What is an electromagnet ? How can it be prepared ? What are the factors that affect its power ? Also write down the uses of electromagnets.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 14 Electric Current and Its Effects 17
Electromagnet.
A piece of iron wrapped by enamel-coated copper wire forming a coil. This piece of iron temporarily becomes a magnet when an electric current passes through coil. Such a magnet is called Electromagnet.

Making an electromagnet.
Take approximately 6-10 cm long iron nail and a 50 cm plastic coated wire. Wrap the wire around the iron nail in the form of a coil. Connect the independent ends of the wire to the terminals of the power cell through the switch as shown in the figure.

Turn the switch on and now bring some pins closer to the end of the nail. You will notice that the pins are pulled towards the nail, because the coil behaves like a magnet when an electric current passes through it. An iron nail lies in this magnetic field also becomes a magnet. When the flow of electric current ceases the magnetic effect of the coil and then of the nail disappears. This coil-nail setup becomes an electromagnet.

Factors Affecting the Power of Electromagnetism:

  • Strength of electric current.
  • The number of turns of wire wrapped around the iron nail.

Uses of electromagnets:

  • To lift heavy iron objects and to separate the magnetic material from the heap of scrap: a strong electromagnet is placed at one end of the crane.
  • Electromagnets are also used in many toys.
  • Doctors use an electromagnet to remove a small piece of magnetic material that may have entered the eye of a worker accidentally.
  • It is also used in many devices: such as an electric bells, telegraphs, telephones, speakers, etc.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Science Book Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Science Guide for Class 7 PSEB Reproduction in Plants Intext Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Textbook Page No. 147)

Question 1.
What happens in the regeneration method of reproduction?
Answer:
In the regeneration method, the living organisms (plants and animals) repair themselves or grow their lost parts. In this way they replace their old or dead cells with new ones. Plants have a higher capacity of regeneration than animals.

Question 2.
Give two examples of organisms reproducing through binary fission.
Answer:
Asexual reproducing organisms by binary fission method are:

  1. Moss,
  2. Mould.

PSEB 7th Class Science Guide Reproduction in Plants Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) Anther and filament form the ………………. of a flower.
Answer:
Stamens

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

(ii) In …………………….. reproduction seeds are formed.
Answer:
Sexual

(iii) Flowers having, both stamens and pistil are called …………………. .
Answer:
Bisexual

(iv) …………………… is an asexual mode of reproduction.
Answer:
Vegetative propagation

2. State True or False:

(i) Yeast reproduces by sexual and asexual means.
Answer:
False

(ii) Pollen grains are the male gametes of a flower.
Answer:
True

(iii) Ginger is a stem which bears nodes and internodes.
Answer:
True

(iv) Cutting and grafting are natural means of reproduction.
Answer:
False

3. Match the Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Sweet potato (a) Micropropagation
(ii) Potato (b) Bryophyllum
(iii) Leaf buds (c) Artificial propagation
(iv) Grafting (d) Yeast
(v) Tissue culture (e) Spirogyra
(vi) Bud (f) Adventitious root
(vii) Fragmentation (g) Stem tuber

Answer:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Sweet potato (f) Adventitious root
(ii) Potato (g) Stem tuber
(iii) Leaf buds (b) Bryophyllum
(iv) Grafting (c) Artificial propagation
(v) Tissue culture (a) Micropropagation
(vi) Bud (d) Yeast
(vii) Fragmentation (e) Spirogyra

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

4. Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
In which mode of reproduction new plants are formed from only one parent ?
Answer:
By Asexual reproduction method new plants are formed from one parent. The different examples are:

  1. Grafting,
  2. Layering,
  3. Tissue culture.

Question (ii)
Which part of the flower develops into fruit ?
Answer:
After fertilization, the ovaries become fruit.

Question (iii)
How does yeast multiply ?
Answer:
The most common method of reproduction in yeast is asexual reproduction by budding in which a tiny bud forms on the outer surface of parent cell.

Question (iv)
Give one example where air helps in pollination.
Answer:
When the pollen cells ripe, they burst and the pollen grains come out of them. Pollen grains are very light. So when the wind blows, they are blown away by the wind. These pollinators reach the stigma of the flowers of the same plant or of another flower of the same species where the pollination takes place.

Question (v)
Name the reproductive parts of a flower.
Answer:
The reproductive parts of the flower are:

  1. Stamen (male reproductive part)
  2. Pistil (female reproductive part.)

Short Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Name different methods of asexual reproduction in plants.
Answer:
Asexual reproduction method is one in which no seed is required for growing new plants. A single plant produces a new plant. Asexual reproduction occurs in the following ways:

  1. Binary fission,
  2. Budding,
  3. Fragmentation,
  4. Spore formation,
  5. Regeneration.

Question (ii)
What is artificial propagation in plants ?
Answer:
Artificial Propagation. Artificial methods of reproduction are adopted to increase the number of useful plants. In these methods neither the reproductive organ takes part nor the seed is produced. In this artificial reproduction new plants grow through roots, stems, branches or leaves.

Below are some of the artificial methods:

  1. Grafting (stems and roots),
  2. Burying,
  3. Pruning,
  4. Tissue culture.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Question (iii)
What is tissue culture technique or micro propagation ?
Answer:
Tissue culture or micro-reproduction: This method involves taking some percent of the tissue from the tip of a plant branch because it contains rapidly developing, underdeveloped and undifferentiated cells. This mass has essential nutrients and hormones stored in it. Small parts of the tissue are kept in a medium until they begin to regenerate as plantlets. These buds (small plants) are transplanted in moist soil. This process is of reproduction is called tissue culture.

Question (iv)
Describe advantages of seed dispersal.
Answer:
Advantages of Seed dispersal:

  1. Seed dispersal spreads the plant over a large area.
  2. The probability of dense vegetation in one place decreases.
  3. Plants have the right growth.
  4. Plants get proper sunlight, water and minerals as competition for nutrients get reduced.

Question (v)
What is germination ? What are the conditions needed for germination ?
Answer:
After reaching the fertile soil, the seeds absorb water and swell up. Now the embryo
begins to germinate and its radical (root sprout) grows down into the soil and forms a root. The plumule grows upward in the air and develops leaves and shoot. It is a form of young small plant.

Essential conditions for germination:
All seeds need (i) water, (ii) oxygen (air) and (iii) proper temperature for germination. Some seeds also need the right amount of light. When the seed finds the right conditions, it activates and germinates the enzyme by moving water and oxygen inward from the outer layer and forms the seed root which receives water from the ground and forms a stem which moves towards the wind and leaves come out on the trunk from which the sun makes food in the light.

6. Long Answer Type Questions:

Question (i)
Describe different kinds of asexual reproduction with examples.
Answer:
Different kinds of post-asexual reproduction :
1. Fission.
This is the most common method of asexual reproduction in which an organism is divided into new organisms. It is common in plants and some single-celled organisms such as fungi, some mosses. In this method of reproduction the organism is divided into equal parts. The nucleus is divided into two parts and both parts evolve as individual adult.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 1

2. Budding.
The word bud means small outgrowth. In the process of budding, a small bud grows on the body of the parent organism and when it grows to full size individual, it detaches itself to form a new organism.
Budding is commonly seen in hydra and yeast.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 2

3. Fragmentation.
This type of reproduction occurs commonly in Algae. It appears as green spots in ponds, lakes or other standing water bodies. When abundant water and nutrients are available, they are multiplied by fragmentation. In this method an algae is divided into two or more pieces. Each piece develops into new organisms. This process is repeated many times.
Other examples are Star fish, some Worms, Lichens etc.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 3

4. Spore formation.
Spores are very small, round-shaped structures for asexual reproduction. Spores have a hard outer layer and can stay in the air for a long time. Under favourable conditions, each spore germinates to develop into a new organism. Spore formation occurs in both unicellular and multicellular organisms. Rhizopus, a fungus that grows on bread, is produced by asexual reproduction by spores. Plants such as moss and fern also reproduced by spores.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 4

5. Regeneration.
The organism repairs and enhances its broken limbs in one form or another. New cells replace old or dead cells. The ability of living beings to repair themselves and grow their lost parts is called regeneration. Plants have a higher capacity of regeneration than animals.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Question (ii)
Explain different ways with examples in which plants can be reproduced vegetatively by artificial means.
Answer:
Artificial methods of vegetative reproduction.
Humans have adopted artificial methods of vegetative reproduction to increase the number of useful plants. Here are some of the methods:

1. Cutting, (i) (Cutting of stem). Cuttings are small nodules of stems or twigs, when they are pressed in moist soil then under favourable conditions roots germinates to grow as individual plant. As Bougainvillea, sugarcane, cactus and rose can grow by grafting of stem.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 5

(ii) Root Cuttings. When the roots of plants like lemon, tamarind are buried in moist soil new shoots get developed.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 6

2. Layering.
A twig of a plant is twisted so that it touches the ground. The portion of plant in contact of ground is then covered with soil. This buried part develops roots under suitable conditions and upper end of this branch is already in the air. The plant thus developed is cut from the original plant and grown in a new place. Jasmine, Strawberry, Yoganvelia plants are grown by layering.

3. Grafting.
The desired plant is derived from two different individuals. Portion of one plant is called stock while stem portion from the other is called seion. Seion is from the plant that wants to propagate and is, therefore, grafted on the stock. Their ends are obliquely cut and the two are placed face to face. Then the two ends are tied tightly and wrapped with polythene.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 7

4. Tissue culture.
This method involves taking a tissue from the tip of a plant branch as it contains rapidly dividing, underdeveloped and undifferen-tiated cells. This tissue, is cultured and nurtured in a sterilized medium. The mass of tissue develops as an individual plant let. This technique is useful in growing a number of rare and endangered plants which cannot grow under natural conditions.
With this method many plants can be grown in a very short time. This technique is used in disease free orchids, carnations, gladiolus, chrysanthemums, potatoes.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 8

Question (iii)
What is pollination ? What are the two types of pollination ? Discuss the different agents of pollination with examples.
Answer:
Pollination.
It is the act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma. The goal of every living organism, including plants, is to create offspring for the next generation. One of the ways that plants can produce offspring is by making seeds. Seeds contain the genetic information to produce a new plant
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 9

Types of pollination. There are two types of pollination action:

1. Self-pollination.
This type of pollination occur in asexual flowers, when the pollens of the same flower from the pollen cell (Anther) go to the pollen stem (Stigma) of saffron, this action is called self-pollination, because their genes are similar. This type of pollination is seen in Tomato, mustard etc.

2. Cross-pollination.
In this type of pollination the pollen grains move from the pollen cells (Anther) of one flower to the pollen stalk (Stigma) of another flower. This pollination takes place between the flowers of the same plant or between the flowers of two different plants of same species. In plants cross-pollination is done by air, insects, water and animals.

Various factors of pollination:
1. Air pollination. Many plants are pollinated by wind. With strong winds, pollens of one flower reach the stigma of the other plant. Examples – wheat, cotton, sunflower, millet,

2. Insect pollination. Insects (butterflies and bees) are attracted to flowers because of the color and fragrance of the flowers. Insects help in transferring pollen grains from one flower to another through their feet. Examples are figs, flies, bees etc.

3. Pollination by water. The pollen of the flowers of the plants growing in the water flows with the water and the pollens of the one flower reach the stigma of other flower. Examples are lotus flower, water lily etc.

4. Pollination by animals. Some plants are pollinated with the help of birds and animals like- bats, humming bird and squirrels.

Question (iv)
Explain the process of fertilization.
Answer:
Fertilization action after pollination.
After pollination pollen grains enter a small tube, called the pollen tube. The female pollen reaches the-ovaries through the stigma or vertebrae and then enters the ovule. There is a combination of male and female gametes. The combination of male gamete and female gamete (to form a zygote) is called fertilization.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 10

Question (v)
List the different steps in the formation of seeds and fruits.
Answer:
Fruit and seed formation. The following changes occur in the flower after fertilization:
(1) After fertilization the ovaries get transformed into fruits and ovules get transformed into seeds. The rest of the flowers wither and fall off.

(2) A seed is a developed egg that contains embryos and nutrients. This is covered with a secure layer. This is called seed peel.

(3) Fruits can be fleshy and juicy or dry and hard. Mangoes, apples, oranges are fleshy and juicy fruits while almonds and walnuts are dry and hard fruits.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Question (vi)
What is dispersal ? Explain with examples the different ways in which seeds get dispersed.
Answer:
Seed dispersal. The movement of seeds from one place to another by any means / factor like air, water, insects, birds, human beings and animals so that the seed survives is called seed dispersal.
Different methods of seed dispoersal:
(1) By wind
(2) By water
(3) By animals
(4) By humans
(5) By explosive process.

1. By wind. The seeds to be scattered by wind are small and light. Maple and Drumsticks seeds have wings. So they fly in the air and go far away. Seedlings with light grass seeds, acacia, cactus, cotton seeds and sunflower also fly with wind.

2. By water. Water lilies, lotuses and coconut fruits keep floating on the water so as their pollens. Water waves cany them far.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Science Reproduction in Plants Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks:

(i) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called ……………. .
Answer:
vegetative propagation

(ii) A flower may have either male or female reproductive part. Such a flower is called ……………………
Answer:
unisexual

(iii) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of different flower of the same kind is known as ………………. .
Answer:
self- pollination

(iv) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as ………………. .
Answer:
fertilization

(v) Seed dispersal takes place by means of ……………….. , ………………. , and ……………… .
Answer:
water, wind, animals

2. Match the Column ‘I’ with Column ‘II’:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(a) Bud (i) Maple
(b) Eyes (ii) Spirogyra
(c) Fragmentation (iii) Yeast
(d) Wings (iv) Bread mould
(e) Spores (v) Potato
(vi) Rose.

 Answer:

Column ‘I’ Column ‘II’
(a) Bud (iii) Yeast
(b) Eyes (v) Potato
(c) Fragmentation (ii) Spirogyra
(d) Wings (i) Maple
(e) Spores (iv) Bread mould

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

3. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question (i)
The production of new individuals from their parents is called:
(a) Transportation
(b) Excretion
(c) Reproduction
(d) Respiration.
Answer:
(c) Reproduction.

Question (ii)
Out of the followings which is the vegetative part of a plant ?
(a) Stem
(b) Leaves
(c) Root
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
(d) All of the above.

Question(iii)
Out of the following which is reproductive organ of a plant ?
(a) Root
(b) Flower
(c) Leaf
(d) Stem.
Answer:
(b) Flower.

Question (iv)
Union of male and female garnets is called:
(a) Fertilization
(b) Pollination
(c) Zygote
(d) Reproduction.
Answer:
(a) Fertilization.

Question (v)
Which method is used for reproduction in a unicellular yeast ?
(a) Fragmentation
(b) Budding.
(c) Spore formation
(d) Binary fission.
Answer:
(b) Budding.

Question (vi)
Bryophyllum reproduces by its:
(a) Leaves
(b) Roots
(c) Stem
(d) Flowers
Answer:
(a) Leaves.

Question (vii)
Name the commonest method of vegetative reproduction in rose and sugarcane
(a) Fragmentation
(b) Budding
(c) Binary Fission
(d) Cutting.
Answer:
(d) Cutting.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Question (viii)
Name the factors, which are helpful in cross-pollination ?
(a) Air
(b) Water
(c) Insects
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
(d) All of the above.

4. State True or False

(i) Asexual reproduction is more common than sexual reproduction.
Answer:
False

(ii) Bacteria and yeast reproduce by asexual reproduction.
Answer:
True

(iii) The ability to regenerate in many organisms is through some method,
Answer:
False

(iv) A fertilized organ becomes a seed.
Answer:
True

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is reproduction ?
Answer:
Reproduction. It is the ability of an organism to produce young ones of its own kind.

Question 2.
What is the role of reproduction ?
Answer:

  1. Propagation of species
  2. Evolution of species.

Question 3.
Name the two major kinds of reproduction.
Answer:

  1. Asexual reproduction and
  2. Sexual reproduction.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Question 4.
Name the various methods of vegetative propagation in plants.
Answer:

  1. Cutting
  2. Layering
  3. Grafting.

Question 5.
Name common method for vegetative propagation of Rose and Sugarcane.
Answer:
Cutting.

Question 6.
How do Spirogyra and Mucor reproduce asexually ?
Answer:
Spirogyra – Fragmentation and Regeneration,
Mucor – Spore formation.

Question 7.
Name the mode of vegetative propagation in (i) Begonia (ii) Mint.
Answer:
(i) Begonia – Leaf buds,
(ii) Mint – Runners.

Question 8.
How do yeast, sponges and hydra reproduce asexually ?
Answer:
All the three reproduce by budding.

Question 9.
Which part of bryophyllum can be used for vegetative propagation ?
Answer:
Leaf of Bryophyllum.

Question 10.
Give one example of each : Vegetative propagation by (i) root (ii) stem.
Answer:
(i) Vegetative propagation by root : Sweet potato.
(ii) Vegetative propagation by stem : Potato.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Question 11.
What is pollination ?
Answer:
Pollination. It is the transference of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower.

Question 12.
What term is used if the pollen is transferred to the stigma of same flower ?
Answer:
Self-pollination.

Question 13.
Where are pollens and ovules presents in flower ?
Answer:

  1. Pollens – Anther lobes
  2. Ovules – Ovary.

Question 14.
Which floral part is very attractive and coloured ?
Answer:
Petal.

Question 15.
What is fruit ?
Answer:
A ripened ovary.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is reproduction ? What are it basic types ?
Answer:
Reproduction.
All organisms show characteristic life cycle, involving birth, growth, maturation, reproduction and death. Rerproduction is one of the most important processes by which continuation of the species from one generation to another generation takes place. Older and aged organisms are replaced by new and younger organisms by reproduction.

There are two types of reproduction.

  1. Asexual reproduction
  2. Sexual reproduction.

Question 2.
Define asexual and sexual reproduction.
Answer:
Asexual Reproduction. It is a type of multiplication in which a young one is formed from a specialised or unspecialised part of a parent without the formation and fusion of sex cells, gametes.

Sexual Reproduction. It is a type of reproduction which takes place by the formation and fusion of gametes. It involves two major processes :
(a) Meiosis (reductional division) by which diploid sporophytic cells give rise to haploid gametes, and
(b) Fertilization, which reconstitutes the sporophytic diploid generation through gametic fusion.

Question 3.
Where do the moulds on bread come from ?
Answer:
The spores of the moulds are present in the air. The spores of the moulds under suitable conditions settle on the bread and grow.

Question 4.
Define the term unisexual and bisexual giving one example of each.
Answer:
Unisexual Organism. Male and female sex organs are present in different individuals such organisms are called unisexual. Example : Human.

Bisexual organism. Single individual having both male and female sex organs.
Examples : Most of the plants, Tapeworm, Earthworm.

PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants

Question 5.
Mention the reproductive parts of a flower.
Answer:
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 11
Reproductive parts of a flower:
Stamens. It consists of stalk and a flattened top called anther. Anthers produce pollen grains. The pollen grains produce two male gametes.

Carpels. It has a swollen ovary at the base and an elongated middle style and terminal stigma.
The ovary contains ovules. Each ovule has an egg or female gamete.

Question 6.
Differentiate between ovule and ovary.
Answer:
Ovule. A structure in the ovary of a plant that develops into a seed after fertilization.
Ovary. The enlarged basal portion of a pistil that bears the ovules in angiosperms.

Question 7.
Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.
Answer:
Type of asexual reproduction
(1) Budding
(2) Fragmentation
(3) Spore formation
(4) Vegetative propagation.

(1) Budding. It is a common method of reproduction in Sponges and Hydra. In this process, the new individual develops from a small outgrowth on the surface of parent called bud.

(2) Regeneration. It is a form of fission in which a parent individual divides into a number of parts, each of which regenerates the missing structures to form a complete organism. It occurs in flatworm, ribbon worm and annelids.

(3) Spore formation. An individual produces spores which during favourable conditions give rise to new individuals e.g. Mucor.

(4) Vegetative propagation. A part of plant body other than reproductive organ gives rise to new individual plant e.g. Rose stem cutting gives to new rose plant.

Question 8.
Explain the process of sexual reproduction in plants.
Answer:
Sexual Reproduction in plants. Plants have male and female reproductive organs respectively called stamens and pistil. Stamens produce male gametes. The eggs are produced by ovules of pistil. These two genitals can be in the same or different flowers. Male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. Sexual reproduction in plants takes place by seeds.

Question 9.
State the main difference between Asexual and Sexual reproduction.
Answer:
Differences between Asexual and Sexual forms of Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction
1. The process involves only one cell or one parent. 1. This process involves two cells or gametes belonging to either the same or different parents.
2. The whole body of the parents may act as reproductive unit or it can be a single cell or a bud. 2. The reproductive unit is called gamete which is unicellular and haploid.
3. Only mitotic division takes place. 3. Meiosis and fertilization are essential events.
4. No formation of sex organ. 4. Formation of sex organs are essential.

Question 10.
Explain the differences between Self-pollination and Cross-pollination.
Answer:
Difference between Self-pollination and Cross-pollination.

Self-pollination Cross-pollination
1. It occurs within a flower or between two flowers of the same plant. 1. It occurs between two flowers borne on different plants of the same species.
2. Flowers do not depend on the other factors for pollination. 2. Agents such as insects, water and wind are required for ensuring pollination.

Question 11.
How does the process of fertilization take place in flowers ?
Answer:
Process of fertilization in flowers:

  • Pollination is transfer and deposition of pollen grains on stigma.
  • Pollen grain germinates on the stigma. It gives rise to pollen tube which carries male gametes.
  • A hypodermal cell of the nucleus in ovule enlarges and forms megaspore mother cell,
  • The diploid mega-spore mother cell undergoes meiosis to form four mega-spores.
  • The functional mega-spore enlarges into embryo sac.
  • The process of nuclear fusion (syngamy) of the male nucleus and one egg nucleus is termed as fertilization. It forms diploid zygote. Second male gamete fuses with secondary nucleus to form primary endosperm nucleus.
  • Angiosperms exhibit double fertilization.
  • Fall of the petals, stamens, style and stigma.
  • The ovules develop into seeds.

Long Answer Type Question

Question 1.
Write the various steps involved in the formation of a plant seed, starting from pollination.
Answer:
The transference of pollen grains from anther to stigma is called pollination. The stamens in flower have anthers which produce pollen grains. Gynaecium or pistil bears three parts ovary, style and stigma. After pollination pollen grains from pollen tubes. Inside the pollen tube the nucleus divides into vegetative nucleus and generative nucleus. This generative nucleus gives rise to two male gametes inside the pollen tube. Pollen tube after piercing through the style reaches the ovary. One of which fuses with the egg to form a zygote. The second male gamete fuses with two polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm nucleus which finally gives rise to endosperm. So, the higher plant (angiosperms) shows the process of double fertilization.

Soon after fertilization the petals, stamens, stigma, and style fall off. The sepals wither and hold on to the ovule. The zygote divides in a fixed fashion to form an embryo. It may bear one or two cotyledons, an embryo axis made up of plumule and radicle. Radicle gives rise to root and plumule to shoot after germination of seed. Cotyledons contain food reserves.
PSEB 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants 12

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

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Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Computer Science Book Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Computer Science Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Computer Guide for Class 7 PSEB Microsoft Word (Part-II) Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
To select a whole word, ……….. click on it.
(a) Single
(b) Double
(c) Triple
(d) None.
Answer:
(b) Double

Question 2.
The …………….. group of home tab allows us to change our text font, style, size, color and many other elements.
(a) Font
(b) Paragraph
(c) Styles
(d) Editing.
Answer:
(a) Font

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 3.
…………. means draw a horizontal line underneath the letters.
(a) Bold
(6) Italic
(c) Underline
(d) None.
Answer:
(c) Underline

Question 4.
………………. Option means that the text is shown like it was marked with a highlighter pen.
(a) Font Color
(b) Text Color
(c) Text Highlight Color
(d) All of above.
Answer:
(c) Text Highlight Color

Question 5.
After inserting a shape, a new tab will appear which is called ……………….. .
(a) Drawing Tools Format
(b) Shape Tools Format
(c) Drawing Shapes Format
(d) None.
Answer:
(a) Drawing Tools Format

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

2. Write the Shortcut keys of the following

1. To cut the selected text
Answer:
Ctrl + X

2. To paste the copied/cut contents
Answer:
Ctrl + V

3. To increase the font size
Answer:
Ctrl + >

4. To Underline the Text
Answer:
Ctrl + U

5. To change the case of the Selected Text
Answer:
Shift + F3

6. For Center Alignment
Answer:
Ctrl+ E

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

7. For double line spacing
Answer:
Ctrl + z

8. To Replace the text
Answer:
Ctrl + H

9. To Undo the last operation
Answer:
Ctrl + z

10. To Insert a Page Break.
Answer:
Ctrl + Return.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write about Undo commend.
Answer:
If we have made a mistake while editing the text in the document, we can correct it by clicking on the Undo command from the “Quick access” toolbar and this will undo the last change we made to the document. Or you can press the Ctrl + Z keys from the keyboard.

Question 2.
Which are basic three font styles?
Answer:
Word processor software uses three basic font styles for text, these are as below:
1. Bold:
If you want to thicken the text in your document, then use Bold option, by pressing the “Ctrl + B” shortcut or by clicking “B” button from the font group.

2. Italic:
If you want to italicize the text in your document, then use Italic option by pressing the “Ctrl + I” shortcut or by clicking “I” button from the font group.

3. Underline:
If you want to underline the text in your document, then use underline option by pressing the “Ctrl + U” shortcut or by clicking “U” button from the font group.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 3.
What are Headers and Footers in MS Word?
Answer:
Header and Footer are parts of a document that contain specific information such as page number and total number of pages, title of the document, company logo, any photo, etc. A header appears at the top of each page, and footer appears at the bottom of each page. To insert the header and footer in your document, click the “Header/Footer” option from the Header & Footer group on the insert tab.

Question 4.
How many change cases options are available in MS Word? Write their names.
Answer:
There are five options available to change the case in Microsoft Word, these are:

  • Sentence case: It capitalizes the first letter of each sentence.
  • Lowercase: It changes the text from uppercase to lowercase.
  • Uppercase: It capitalizes all the letters of your text.
  • Capitalize Each Word: It capitalizes the first letter of each word.
  • Toggle case: It allows you to shift between two case views, e.g. to shift between Capitalize Each Word and Captalized each word.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 5.
How many alignments are available in MS Word? Write their names and shortcut keys.
Answer:
There are four types of alignments available in the paragraph group, which are as follows:

  • Align Text Left: Aligns the selected text with the left margin. Shortcut key is (Ctrl + L).
  • Align Text Right: Aligns the selected text with the right margin. Shortcut key is (Ctrl + R).
  • Center: This aligns the selected text to the center within the margin. Shortcut key is (Ctrl + E).
  • Justify: Aligns text to both left and right margins, adding extra space between words as necessary. Shortcut key is (Ctrl + J).

Question 6.
How can we insert page break in MS Word?
Answer:
This option is used to delete a page at the current cursor position and start a new page. In simple words we can say that it divides the page into two parts.
The steps to insert page break are given below:

  • Place the cursor where you want to insert the break.
  • Click the Page Break Option on the Pages Group from the Insert Tab.
  • Your page will break into two parts.
  • Long Answer Type Questions

(ii) Cut Paste Option:
Cut Paste Option means to move the selected text from one place to another. In Microsoft Word, you can cut text from a document and paste that text into another document or anywhere in the same document. After cutting the text, it is stored in the clipboard.

MS Word offers a variety of ways to cut and paste text. Some popular methods are given below :
Method 1.

  • First select the text you want to cut.
  • Click the Home tab and then click the Cut command.
  • Place the cursor where you want to paste the text.
  • Click on the Paste command in the Home tab.

Method 2.

  • First select the text you want to cut.
  • Now click the right button of the mouse on selected text.
  • A menu will appear; select the “Cut” option from this menu.
  • Now, move the cursor to the desired position and right click on the mouse.
  • A menu will appear; select the “Paste” option.

Method 3.

  • First select the text you want to copy.
  • Now press the Ctrl + X button.
  • Now, move the cursor to the desired position and press the Ctrl + V button.

(iii) Format Painter:
With the help of Format Painter we can copy the format already applied to the text in our document very easily and without wasting time. Below are the steps for copying text formatting :

Method 1.

  • First select the text whose formatting you want to copy.
  • Click the Home tab and click the Format Painter command.
  • The pointer changes to a paintbrush icon.
  • Use the brush and drag it over the text where you want to apply the formatting.
  • To cancel formatting, press the Esc key or click on the Format Painter command.

Method 2.

  • First select the text whose formatting you want to copy.
  • Now press the Ctrl + Shift + C button.
  • Click on the text where you want to apply the copied formatting.
  • Now press the Ctrl + Shift + V button.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 2.
Write about the options available in Font group of Home tab in MS Word.
Answer:
The Home tab’s font group gives us many commands for character formatting. These commands are as follows:

  • Font Style: This button is used to change the font type (Font face) for the entire document or for the selected text within the document.
  • Font Size: This button is used to change the font size for the entire document or for the selected text within the document.
  • Font Color: This button is used to change the font color for the entire document or for the text selected within the document.
  • Bold: This button is used to make the selected text or entire document bold.
  • Italic: This button is used to italicize the entire document or the selected text within the document.
  • Underline: This button is used to underline the entire document or the selected text within the document.
  • Changing the Text Case: This button is used to convert the selected text to lower case or to apply other capitalization.
  • Grow Fonts: With the help of grow fonts we can increase the size of the selected text by one size.
  • Shrink Font: With the help of Shrink font we can reduce the size of selected text by one size.
  • Strike Through: This button is used to draw a line in the middle of the selected text in a document.
  • Subscript: This button is used to create lowercase letters below the text baseline, such as X2.
  • Superscript: This button is used to create lowercase letters above the line of text such as X2.
  • Clear Formatting: This option works to remove the formatting applied to the text document.
  • Text Highlight Color: Used to highlight the selected text.

Question 3.
What is Word Art? How will you insert Word Art in a Word document?
Answer:
Word Art is designed to allow you make your text more attractive. You can format your text to make it look like a picture or 3D art and enhance its appearance in different ways. The steps to insert Word Art are given below:

  • Select the text you want to change.
  • Then click on the Insert tab.
  • Click on the Word Art drop-down arrow in the Text group.
  • A drop-down menu of Word Art style will appear. Click the style you want to use.
  • Word will automatically create a text box for the text.
  • Now click Ok button, the text will appear in the selected style.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

PSEB 7th Class Computer Guide Microsoft Word (Part-II) Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
……………. is used to create documents.
(a) Word processing
(b) DOS
(c) Numbers
(d) Word Art.
Answer:
(a) Word processing

Question 2.
MS Word is an important …………… Processor.
(a) Text
(b) Word
(c) DOS
(d) Number.
Answer:
(b) Word

Question 3.
In Word, there are ………….. types of tool bars.
(a) 2
(6) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5.
Answer:
(a) 2

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 4.
………… is a blinking line.
(a) Mouse
(b) Insertion Point
(c) Command
(d) Instructions.
Answer:
(b) Insertion Point

Question 5.
To Select a …………. double click on it.
(a) Word
(b) Text
(c) Sentence
(d) Paragraph.
Answer:
(a) Word

Question 6.
Cut and Copy commands are available in ………….. menu.
(a) File
(b) Edit
(c) Format
(d) Help.
Answer:
(b) Edit

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 7.
Backspace key is used to delete the alphabet from the ………….. side of Cursor.
(a) Right
(b) Left
(c) Above
(d) Below.
Answer:
(b) Left

Question 8.
color line appears below the wrong word.
(a) Green
(b) Yellow
(c) Red
(d) Blue.
Answer:
(c) Red

Question 9.
The Page number, Page name, date and time are written in the and, which appears on every page of document.
(a) Upper, Lower
(b) Header, Footer
(c) Margin, Footer
(d) Word, Spreadsheet.
Answer:
(b) Header, Footer

Question 10.
Margins and tabs are available in page setup dialog box.
(a) Orientation
(b) Layout
(c) Page
(d) Columns.
Answer:
(b) Layout

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

2. True/False

1. Title bar appears below the Screen of word.
Answer:
False

2. Word Pad is a Word Processing Package.
Answer:
False

3. The small screen that appears on the right side of the window is called task pane.
Answer:
True

4. The text is added to where the insertion point is.
Answer:
True

5. To exit from the word click File Exit.
Answer:
True

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

3. Match the Columns
Table 1
Answer:
Table 2

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

4. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the steps to select a text with the help of mouse.
Answer:
Place the cursor in front of the text and then left click on the mouse button, hold it and drag it over the text and then release it. The text will be selected.

  • Double click on the word to select the same word.
  • To Select the entire paragraph, click within the paragraph three times.
  • To select the complete document, in the Home tab from the editing group, click Select command and then click the Select All button.

Question 2.
Write steps to select the text with the help of keyboard.
Answer:
Press Shift + Arrow keys from the keyboard; Hold down the Shift key and press the arrow button, Word will select the text in the direction of the arrow button. There are three arrow keys in numeric keypad, so you can select text in three different directions.

Question 3.
What do you mean by font?
Answer:
A Font is a graphical representation of the text that may include type, size, design, color, weight of the text.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 4.
Write steps to change case of the text.
Answer:

  • Sentence case: It capitalizes the first letter of each sentence.
  • Lowercase: It changes the text from uppercase to lowercase.
  • Uppercase: It capitalizes all the all letters of your text.
  • Capitalize Each Word: It capitalizes the first letter of each word.
  • Toggle Case: It allows you to Shift between two case views, e.g. to Shift between Capitalize Each Word and CAPITALIZE EACH WORD.

Question 5.
What do you mean by alignment?
Answer:
You can change the text alignment in your document to make it more presentable and readable.
There are four types of alignments available in the paragraph group which is as follows :

  • Align Text Left (Ctrl + L): Aligns the selected text with the left margin.
  • Align Text Right (Ctrl + R): Aligns the selected text with the right margin.
  • Center (Ctrl + E): This aligns the selected text to the center within the margin.
  • Justify (Ctrl + J): Aligns text to both left and right margins, adding extra space between words as necessary.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 6.
Write down the ways to delete page number.
Answer:
If you want to delete the previously, entered page number, click on the Page Number option from the Header & Footer group of the Insert tab and click on the Remove Page Number option from the drop-down list.

Question 7.
How can you format the shapes?
Answer:
Shapes: This button is used to insert the shapes such as circles, squares, arrows and triangles into a document, When the button is clicked. Here are the steps to insert the shape:

  • In the Insert tab, click on the Shapes option from the Illustrations tab.
  • A gallery of different shapes will appear.
  • Click the desired shape and then drag the shape into the document.

If you want to write something in the drawn shape, here are the steps :

  • Right click on the drawn shape.
  • Click Add Text from the pop-up menu.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

5. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What do you mean by Format Painter? How can we use it?
Answer:
Format Painter:
With the help of Format Painter we can copy the format already applied to the text in our document very easily and without wasting time. Below are the steps for copying text formatting :
Method 1.

  • First select the text whose formatting you want to copy.
  • Click the Home tab and click the Format Painter command.
  • The pointer changes to a paintbrush icon.
  • Use the brush and drag it over the text where you want to apply the formatting.
  • To cancel formatting, press the Esc key or click on the Format Painter command.

Method 2.

  • First select the text whose formatting you want to copy.
  • Now press the Ctrl + Shift + C button.
  • Click on the text where you want to apply the copied formatting.
  • Now press the Ctrl + Shift + V button.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 2.
What is Font Color? How can we change it?
Answer:
Font Color:
If you want to change the color of a word or paragraph in your document, you must select a font color for this purpose. Here are the steps to change the color of the text.
1. Select the text you want to change color.
2. Select the appropriate color from the Font dialog box as shown in the picture above.
Or
1. Select the text you want to change the color.
2. Click on the Font Color option from the Font group as shown in thepicture below. Now a pull down menu will open.
PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II) 1
3. Choose your favorite color from this menu. Now your text will change to that color.

Question 3.
What is text highlight color? Write steps to use it.
Answer:
Text Highlight Color:
Just as we can highlight a word or a sentence in our written document with the help of a pen, we can highlight our text with any color in MS Word.

  • Select the text you want to highlight.
  • Click on the Text Highlight option from the Fonts group. Now a pull down menu will open.
  • Now choose your favorite color from this menu. Your text will be highlighted in that color.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II)

Question 4.
What do you mean by Word Art? How can we add it?
Answer:
Word Art:
Word Art is designed to allow you make your text more attractive; you can format your text to make it look like a picture or 3D art and enhance its appearance in different ways. The steps to insert Word Art are given below :

  • Select the text you want to change.
  • Then click on the Insert tab.
  • Click on the Word Art drop-down arrow in the Text group.
    PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II) 2
  • A drop-down menu of Word Art style will appear. Click the style you want to use.
  • Word will automatically create a text box for the text.
  • Now click Ok button, the text will appear in the selected style.

Question 5.
Write steps to change the alignment of the text.
Answer:
You can change the text alignment in your document to make it more presentable and readable.
There are four types of alignments available in the paragraph group which is as follows:

  • Align Text Left (Ctrl + L): Aligns the selected text with the left margin.
  • Align Text Right (Ctrl + R): Aligns the selected text with the right margin.
  • Center (Ctrl + E): This aligns the selected text to the center within the margin
  • Justify (Ctrl + J): Aligns text : to both left and right margins, adding extra space between words as necessary.
    PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 4 Microsoft Word (Part-II) 3

Here are the steps to change the alignment:

  • Select the text.
  • Click the appropriate alignment button from the Paragraph group of the Home tab.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

by

Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Computer Science Book Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Computer Science Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Computer Guide for Class 7 PSEB Microsoft Word (Part-I) Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Ctrl + S used to …………………
(a) Save
(b) Open
(c) New
(d) Close.
Answer:
(a) Save

Question 2.
Below the ruler, the large area is called the ………………..
(a) Text Area
(b) Open Area
(c) Close Area
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(a) Text Area

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 3.
There are two scroll bars in a word document ……………. and …………… .
(a) Horizontal, vertical
(b) Left, Right
(c) Upper Bar, Lower Bar
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Horizontal, vertical

Question 4.
To Open a new document, ……………. Press keys from the keyboard.
(a) Ctrl + O
(b) Ctrl + N
(c) Ctrl + S
(d) Ctrl + 5.
Answer:
(b) Ctrl + N

Question 5.
The view shows the document as it will look when it is printed.
(a) Print Layout
(b) Draft
(c) Outline
(d) Full size.
Answer:
(a) Print Layout

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the name of option that is present at the bottom-right corner of every group.
Answer:
Dialog Box Launcher.

Question 2.
Write the name of the top most bar of the Word window.
Answer:
The top bar of the Word window is the title bar.

Question 3.
Which View of MS Word displays the document in the same way as we get it after printing?
Answer:
Print layout View

Question 4.
Write the shortcut to create a New document.
Answer:
The Ctrl + 0 shortcut key is used to open a new document.

Question 5.
Which layout view shows the outline of a document?
Answer:
Outline view represents the outline of the document.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is a Word Processor?
Answer:
Word processing is a process by which we can create, save, and print any type of document in a computer and it can be used anytime in the future and can be edited if required. The software that is used for word processing process called word processor. For example: MS Word, Note Pad, Word Pad and word perfect all are word processors.

Question 2.
Write the name of some Word Processing Software.
Answer:
The software that is used for word processing process called word processor. For example: MS Word, Note Pad, Word Pad and word perfect all are word processors.

Question 3.
How to start the MS Word?
Answer:
The steps to start MS Word are as follows:
2. Now click on All Program from the popup menu as shown in the picture below.
3. Now click MS Office→MS Word.
Or
Type ‘Word” in the search bar as shown in the picture below and press Enter key from the keyboard

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 4.
Write the name of different parts of MS word window.
Answer:
Components of MS word window are as follow:

  • File menu/Office button:
    • Home
    • Insert
    • Page layout
    • References
    • Review
    • view
  • Quick access toolbar
  • Title bar
  • Ribbon
    • Tabs
    • Group
    • Commands
  • Ruler
  • Help
  • Document area
  • Status bar
  • Dialog box launcher 10, view Buttons
    • Print layout view
    • Full Screen view
    • Web Layout view
    • Draft view
    • Outline view

Question 5.
Define the Text Area.
Answer:
Right below the ruler, there is a large space called the text area. This is the area where we type our document; the blinking line in this area is called the insertion point which indicates that your typing will start from this place.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the special features of MS Word.
Answer:
Some of the special features of Microsoft word are as follows:

  • MS Word allows us to include text anywhere in the document.
  • We can delete any word, line or page from the document as easily as we erase the words written on paper.
  • We can cut and copy the text and paste it anywhere in the same document or any other document.
  • MS Word allows us to set the page margin and page size according to our needs.
  • We can add Bold, Italic and Underline effects to the text.
  • We can change the size, style, color of the text.
  • We can add header on the top of pages and footer on the bottom of the page.
  • We can add pictures, chart, graphs and smart art.
  • We can convert the text into tables.
  • You can also set different margins in a document and also determine the different locations to start a paragraph.
  • It also provides us with the facility of macro. This is a list of many commands with which our time is saved.
  • MS Word also provides us the facility of spelling checks. It shows a red line below the words that are incorrect.
  • MS Word also provides us the facility of grammar checks.
  • It also provides Find and Replace option.
  • It also provides the facility of dictionary with which we can find many words with the same meaning and use them in our document.

Question 2.
Explain Document views in MS Word.
Answer:
At the bottom right of the window screen is a set of 5 buttons that allow us to view the document in a different view.
1. Print Layout:
This is the default document view in Word. The Print Layout view shows the document as it would appear after printing. Full Screen Layout view: This view opens the document to a full screen. This layout helps us to make our document easily readable above the screen.

2. Web Layout:
This view displays a document on the screen the way it will look when viewed in a Web browser if you saved it as a web page. Out Line view: The outline view shows the document as an outline form.

3. Draft view: This is the most commonly used view, in this view we can edit our document very quickly and easily.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 3.
How to Create and Save a New Document in MS Word?
Answer:
Follow these steps to create a new document:
2. Now click on New option from the drop down menu.
3. A New Document dialog box will appears on the screen.
4. Click Blank Document option from this dialog box and then Click Create Option.
5. Now a blank document will appear on the screen.
Or
You can create a new document by pressing the Ctrl + N keys from the keyboard.
Saving A File:
To save a newly created document follows these steps:
1. Click the File tab or Office Button.
2. Click Save option. The Save dialog box appears.
3. Now type the name of your document in File name box and then click Save button.
Or
You can also save your document by pressing the Ctrl + S keys from Keyboard.
Now your document is safe for future use.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

PSEB 7th Class Computer Guide Microsoft Word (Part-I) Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
……………… is used to open other options in any group.
(a) Open button
(b) New button
(c) Dialog Box Launcher
(d) All these.
Answer:
(c) Dialog Box Launcher

Question 2.
The …………….. tab is used to prepare the thesis or books.
(a) Insert
(b) design
(c) Review
(d) Reference.
Answer:
(d) Reference.

Question 3.
Orientation option is available in …………..tab.
(a) Design
(b) insert
(c) Page Layout
(d) home.
Answer:
(c) Page Layout

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 4.
Which keys are used to secure the work done.
(a) Ctrl + N
(b) Ctrl + S
(c) Ctrl + 0
(d) Ctrl + P.
Answer:
(b) Ctrl + S

Question 5.
The total number of pages and words appears on the …………… bar.
(a) Title
(b) Status
(c) Horizontal
(d) None.
Answer:
(b) Status

Question 6.
Document can be typed in ………………. area in Word window.
(a) Text
(b) font
(c) Format
(d) View.
Answer:
(a) Text

Question 7.
The table option is available in the ……………. menu.
(a) File
(b) home
(c) Insert
(d) design.
Answer:
(c) Insert

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 8.
Prepared documents are called …………………… .
(a) Template
(b) Blank document
(c) Table
(d) Margin.
Answer:
(a) Template

2. True/False

Question 1.
MS-Word is not a word Processing Software.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
We cannot find and replace a word in MS-Word.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Tabs appear on the top of ribbon.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Ctrl+C keys are used to create a document.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
In MS-Word there are three types of ruler.
Answer:
False

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

3. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is Microsoft Word?
Answer:
MS Word is word processor software published by Microsoft Company that works on formatting text and graphics and creating a variety of documents.

Question 2.
Write the names of all the groups available in the Home tab.
Answer:
It consists of clipboard, font, paragraph, styles and editing groups.

Question 3.
Which option is used to check grammatical errors in a document?
Answer:
The grammar check option is used to check the grammatical errors.

Question 4.
Which option is used to check the spellings of words in the document?
Answer:
The Spell check option is used to check the spellings of words.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 5.
What are tabs?
Answer:
Tabs are groups of related commands that appear at the top of the ribbon.

Question 6.
Which view can you use to view the document as an outline form?
Answer:
Outline view is use to view the document as an outline form.

Question 7.
Which option is used for MS-Word related help?
Answer:
Help icon is used for MS-Word related support.

Question 8.
Which option is used to add one document to another document?
Answer:
Mail-Merge option is used to add one document to another document.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

4. Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is word processing? Write down its features also.
Answer:
Wort Processing:
We make a lot of mistakes when typing a document with the help of typewriter, which we can’t correct again, we have to type the document again to make it better, but word processing gives us a facility through which we can easily correct our mistakes in typed documents without having to retype them.

Word processing is a process by which we can create, save and print any type of document in a computer and it can be used anytime in the future and can be edited if required. The software that is used for word processing process called word processor. For example: MS Word, Note Pad, Word Pad and word perfect all are word processors.

Features of Word Processing:
Following are the features of word processor :

  • A word processor provides an easier and faster method to type the text.
  • It offers so many styles, size, color, effects for text.
  • Using a word processor, you can apply editing operations to the text.
  • It stores all your documents for. future use.
  • It allows you to insert photos, music, background etc. into the document.
  • It can move any document from one place to another with the help of cut, copy, and paste option.
  • You can delete, edit, update the data in the pre-created document at any time.
  • It helps us to find and correct mistakes in the typed text.
  • It also provide the facility to check the grammar mistakes in the typed text.

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 2.
How we can open a document in MS Word?
Answer:
Open an Existing Document:
Follow these steps to open an existing document:

  • Click the File tab or Office Button.
  • Click Open option. The Open dialog box appears.
  • As shown in picture below select a document which you want to open and then Click Open button.
  • Now your document will open on the screen.
    Or
    You can open an existing document by pressing the Ctrl + O keys from the keyboard.
    PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I) 1

PSEB 7th Class Computer Solutions Chapter 3 Microsoft Word (Part-I)

Question 3.
Write down all the commands of File Menu.
Answer:
1. File Menu:
This option is available in the upper left corner of the window, it contains many of the following commands:

(a) Home:
It has options like font color, font size, font style, alignment, bullets, line spacing, etc. All the basic elements that someone might need to edit their document are available in the Home option.

(b) Insert:
Tables, sizes, images, charts, graphs, headers, footers, page numbers, etc. are available in insert options.

(c) Design:
The template (pre-created document design) or the design in which you want your document to be created can be selected under the Design tab.

(d) Page layout:
Under the Page Layout tab we can find the options such as Margins, Orientation, Columns, Lines, Indentations, Spacing, etc.

(e) Reference:
This tab is most useful for those who are preparing thesis or writing books or working on a long document. Footnote, table of content, bibliography, captions etc. options can be found under this tab.

(f) Review:
Spell check, grammar, thesaurus, word count, language, translation, comments, etc. can all be tracked under the Review tab.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

by

Punjab State Board PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Book Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 7 Physical Education Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Physical Education Guide for Class 7 PSEB Sports injuries and their Treatment Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What do you mean by Sports Injuries?
Answer:
Injuries are common things in human life. There is a little risk of injury during work. If there is a minor mistake or negligence, there can be an injury. Similarly, players receive injuries in the playground, they receive injuries. There is a difference between the injuries we receive during the general work & the injuries received in the playgrounds.

If a player comes to the ground fully prepared & carefully, there are fewer chances of injuries for him as compared to other players, but we cannot say that he will not receive injuries at all, every player receives some injuries in his sports life. Common injuries received during playing games can be cured within one or two days, but sometimes a player receives a serious injury, as a result he has to be out of the field for a long time.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 2.
What are Exposed Injuries?
Answer:
These kind of injuries are generally received in playground during playing games. These injuries are received on outer parts of the body & these can be seen clearly.
It is of three types-
1. Abrasion:
Under this kind of injury the outer part of the skin is peeled off due to abrasion, even internal part of the. skin is also peeled off. This Injury is received, when a player falls on hard ground.

2. Incision:
Sometimes players strike against each other very hard during the game as a result one player’s sharp body part like elbow, knee or other sharp part hits the other player & his skin gets torn as a result. The player may receive this injury due to striking in some hard objects.

3. Punctured Wound:
This Injury received during game is considered very serious. This injury is caused by some sharp or pointed objects.

Question 3.
Which injuries are called unexposed injuries?
Answer:
These injuries are visible on the outer part of the body. They are called unexposed or invisible injuries. These injuries are received usually on heavy muscles or on joints. The main cause of these injuries is over strain or burden put of the muscles or on Joints. The player feels sharp pain in these injuries and it takes much time to heal the injury.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 4.
What is the difference between dislocation and fracture?
Answer:
Dislocation:
People misunderstand dislocation as fracture whereas there is a great difference between both injuries. The bone dislocates from the joint due to overstrain or sudden jerk. The affected joint stops moving in this injury and the player is unable to play. This injury is received while running fast in the ground, striking hard against other player, hitting a pole or a table or over bending of joint while falling down.

Fracture:
Bone broken into two pieces due to an injury is called fracture. Breaking of the bone is a serious injury. It causes a great pain to the player and takes a long time in healing. There are many kinds of fracture, among these there are common and serious injuries as well.

Question 5.
What is fracture? Write its symptoms & treatments of the fracture.
Answer:
Bone broken into two pieces due to an injury is called fracture. Breaking of bone is a serious injury. It causes a great pain to the player & takes a long time in healing. There are many kinds of fracture, among these there are common & serious injuries as well.

Symptoms:

  • The Injured bone gets deformed.
  • There is severe pain on the injured Spot.
  • There can be cracking sound. If the bone is moved.
  • The injured body parts stops working.

Treatment:
The Injured bone should be supported with iron or wooden plate by tying them up with it, after the fracture even gauge can be used to support the injured bone. It should not be moved at all. One must try to stop bleeding, if it flows from the injury. The player should be taken to the doctor immediately so that X-ray of the injury can be done to know in details of it.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 6.
What are the main causes of sports injuries?
Answer:
(a) Lack of knowledge:
The player should have complete knowledge of the rules & the equipments used in the games. Sometimes the players starts playing without having the complete knowledge of sports equipments and hence, there remain a risk of injury.

(b) Lack of Physical ability:
There is a great importance of training for good performance in games. If a player starts playing without proper training of the game he may receive injuries due to lack of strength, speed and flexibility.

(c) Negligence: A minor negligence may become the reason of an injury received in playground.

(d) Faulty methods of warming up:
Warming up of the body is very necessary before playing a game, so that muscles of a player are able to bear the burden of the game properly.

(e) Improper playgrounds:
Sometime due to unlevelled playground, pits scattering of sharp objects and nails causes injuries. The playground should be checked properly before playing.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Guide Sports injuries and their Treatment Important Questions and Answers

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Types of exposed injury:
(A) Abrasion
(B) Incision
(C) Punctvfred wound
(D) All the above.
Answer:
(D) All the above.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 2.
What is Dislocation?
(A) When bone of joint misplaced
(B) Joint become immovable
(C) Player is unable to play
(D) All the above.
Answer:
(D) All the above.

Question 3.
Causes of Sprain.
(A) Heavy pain on the joint
(B) Swelling on the affected joint
(C) The place of joint become red
(D) All the above.
Answer:
(D) All the above.

Question 4.
What are the main causes of Sports Injuries?
(A) Lack of knowledge
(B) Lack of physical ability
(C) Negligence
(D) All the above.
Answer:
(D) All the above.

Question 5.
Write the symptoms of fracture.
(A) Bone gets deformed
(B) Injured parts stop working
(C) Severe pain in the part of injury
(D) All the above.
Answer:
(D) All the above.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 6.
Causes of Sprain.
(A) Severe pain on injured place
(B) Player can not run
(C) Swelling on the spot
(D) All the above.
Answer:
(D) All the above.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What should not be there in playfield?
Answer:
Pieces of glass and stones.

Question 2.
What Should not be there near the boundary line of field?
Answer:
Wire and Wall.

Question 3.
What types of equipment should be used in play?
Answer:
It should.be of International level.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 4.
In which spirit we should not play?
Answer:
Revenge.

Question 5.
What type of ground is?
Answer:
Even.

Question 6.
Write the type of Injuries of Sports?
Answer:
It is of 2 Types:

  • Exposed injuries
  • Unexposed injuries

Question 7.
What is Sprain?
Answer:
Sprain is the Injury of joints. Tissue which connect the joints are affected in the injury. Pressure is put on joints of the player while running in the playground. Tissues of his joints get strained or broken is called sprain.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 8.
What is Strain?
Answer:
This is an injury of the tissues & generally received on the heavy muscles. A Player’s muscles are pulled under this injury’ as a result he feels a severe pain & he is unable to work, run or to do any other activity properly.

Question 9.
What is dislocation?
Answer:
People misunderstand dislocation as fracture. The bone dislocates from the joint due to over strain. The affected, joint stops moving in this injury & the player is unable to play

Question 10.
What is Fracture?
Answer:
Bone broken into two pieces due to an injury is called fracture.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write down the symptoms of dislocation of bone?
Answer:

  • The joint is deformed
  • There is severe pain
  • There is swelling on the joint & the skin turns red.

Question 2.
Write the Symptoms of Fracture.
Answer:

  • The injured bone gets deformed.
  • The injured body parts stop Working.
  • There is severe pain on the injured spot.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 3.
Write the causes of injuries in the field of sports?
Answer:

  • Lack of Knowledge
  • Lack of Physical ability
  • Negligence
  • Faulty Methods of Warming up
  • Improper Playgrounds.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is Strain? Write its symptoms & treatment.
Answer:
Strain is an injury of tissues & generally received on heavy muscles. A player’s muscles are pulled under this injury as a result he feels a severe pain & he is unable to walk, run to do any other activity properly.

Symptoms:

  • There is a severe pain on the injury spot.
  • The injury spot turns red.
  • There is a Swelling on the spot.
  • There is a huge pain during any movement.

PSEB 7th Class Physical Education Solutions Chapter 4 Sports injuries and their Treatment

Question 2.
What is Fracture? Write its symptoms & treatment?
Answer:
Bone broken into two pieces due to an injury is called fracture. Breaking of the bone is serious injury. It causes a great pain to the player & takes a long time in healing.

Symptoms:

  • The Injured bone gets deformed.
  • There is a severe pain on injured spot.
  • There can be cracking sound, if the bone is moved.
  • The injured body part stops working.

Treatment:
The injured bone should be supported with iron or wooden plate by tying them up with it. Even gauge can be used to support the injured bone. One must try to stop bleeding, if it flows from the injury. The player should be taken to the doctor, so that X-ray of the injury can be done to know the details.