Bhagya

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 16 Playing with Numbers Ex 16.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 16 Playing with Numbers Ex 16.2

1. If 21y5 is a multiple of 9, where y is a digit, what is the value of y?
Solution:
21y5 is a multiple of 9 (given)
∴ Sum of digits of 21y5 = 2 + 1 + y + 5
= 8 + y
Therefore, (8 + y) should be 0, 9, 18, …, etc.
8 + y = 0 is not possible ∴ 8 + y = 9
∴ y = 9 – 8 = 1
Thus, the value of y is 1.

Verification:
21y5 = 2115 (∵ y = 1)
∴ Sum of digits of 2115 = 2 + 1 + 1 + 5 = 9 (9 ÷ 9 = 1, remainder = 0)
∴ 2115 is divisible by 9.
(Note: Here, verification is given to explain you.]

2. If 31z5 is a multiple of 9, where z is a digit, what is the value of z? You will find that there are two answers for the last problem. Why is this so?
Solution:
31z5 is a multiple of 9. (given)
∴ Sum of digits of 31z5 = 3 + 1 + z + 5
= z + 9
Therefore, (z + 9) should be 0, 9, 18, …, etc.
Since, z is a digit, it should be either 0 or 9.
Hence, z = 0 or 9.

Verification:
31z5 = 3105 (∵ z = 0)
∴ Sum of digits of 3105
= 3 + 1 + 0 + 5 = 9
(9 ÷ 9 = 1, remainder = 0)
∴ 3105 is divisible by 9.
31z5 = 3195 (∵ z = 9)
∴ Sum of digits of 3195
= 3 + 1 + 9 + 5 = 18
(18 ÷ 9 = 2, remainder = 0)
∴ 3195 is divisible by 9.

3. If 24x is a multiple of 3, where x is a digit, what is the value of x? (Since 24x is a multiple of 3, its sum of digits 6 + x is a multiple of 3; so 6 + x is one of these numbers: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 …………. But since x is a digit, it can only be that 6 + x = 6 or 9 or 12 or 15. Therefore, x = 0 or 3 or 6 or 9. Thus, x can have any of four different values.)
Solution:
24x is a multiple of 3. (given)
∴ Sum of digits of 24x = 2 + 4 + x = 6 + x
Therefore, 6 + x should be 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, …, etc.
Since, 6 + x is a multiple of 3.
∴ 6 + x = 0, 6 + x = 3, 6 + x = 6, 6 + x = 9, 6 + x = 12, 6 + x = 15, 6 + x = 18, ……….
∴ x = -6, x = -3, x = 0, x = 3, x = 6, x = 9, x = 12, ……………..
Here, x = 0, 3, 6, 9 are possible.
Thus, the value of x can be 0 or 3 or 6 or 9.

4. If 31z5 is a multiple of 3, where z is a digit, what might be the values of z?
Solution:
31z5 is a multiple of 3. (given)
∴ 31z5 is divisible by 3.
Sum of digits of 31z5 = 3 + 1 + z + 5
= 9 + z
∴ 9 + z is divisible by 3.
∴ Value of 9 + z should be 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 or 18.
Since, z is a multiple of 3.
If 9 + z = 0,
∴ z = – 9 which is impossible.
9 + z = 3,
∴ z = – 6 which is impossible.
9 + z = 6,
∴ z = – 3 which is impossible.
9 + z = 9,
∴ z = 0 which is possible.
9 + z = 12,
∴ z = 3 which is possible.
9 + z = 15,
∴ z = 6 which is possible.
9 + z = 18,
∴ z = 9 which is possible.
9 + z = 21,
∴ z = 12 which is impossible.
Thus, the value of z can be 0 or 3 or 6 or 9.

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals Ex 3.2

Question 1.
(a)

Solution:
Sum of all the exterior angles of a polygon = 360°.
∴ x + 125° + 125° = 360°
∴ x + 250° = 360°
∴ x = 360° – 250° (Transposing 250° to RHS)
∴ x = 110°

(b)

Solution:
In this figure, two exterior angles are of 90° each. (one interior angle is 90°)
Sum of all exterior angles of a polygon = 360°.
∴ x + 90° + 60° + 90° + 70° = 360°
∴ x + 310° = 360°
∴ x = 360° – 310° (Transposing 310° to RHS)
∴ x = 50°

Question 2.
Find the measure of each exterior angle of a regular polygon of (i) 9 sides (ii) 15 sides
Solution:
(i) Number of sides (n) = 9
∴ Number of exterior angles = 9
The sum of all exterior angles = 360°.
The given polygon is a regular polygon.
∴ All the exterior angles are equal.
∴ Measure of an exterior angle = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{9}\).
= 40°

(ii) Number of sides of regular polygon = 15
∴ Number of exterior angles = 15
The sum of all the exterior angles = 360°
The given polygon is a regular polygon.
∴ All the exterior angles are equal.
∴ The measure of each exterior angle = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{15}\) = 24°

Question 3.
How many sides does a regular polygon have if the measure of an exterior angle is 24° ?
Solution:
Regular polygon is equiangular.
Sum of all the exterior angles = 360°
Measure of an exterior angle = 24°
∴ Number of sides = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{24^{\circ}}\)
The polygon has 15 sides.

Question 4.
How many sides does a regular polygon have if each of its interior angles is 165° ?
Solution:
The given polygon is regular polygon.
Each interior angle = 165°
∴ Each exterior angle = 180° – 165° = 15°
∴ Number of sides = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{15^{\circ}}\) = 24
The polygon has 24 sides.

Question 5.
(a) Is it possible to have a regular polygon with measure of each exterior angle as 22° ?
Solution:
Each exterior angle = 22°
∴ Number of sides = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{22^{\circ}}=\frac{180^{\circ}}{11^{\circ}}\)
The number of sides of a regular polygon must be a whole number.
But, \(\frac {180}{11}\) is not a whole number.
∴ No, exterior angle of a regular polygon cannot be of measure 22°.

(b) Can it be an interior angle of a regular polygon ? Why ?
Solution:
If the measure of an interior angle of a polygon is 22°, then the measure of its exterior angle = 180° – 22° = 158°.
∴ Number of sides = \(\frac{360^{\circ}}{158^{\circ}}=\frac{180^{\circ}}{79^{\circ}}\)
\(\frac {180}{79}\)is not a whole number.
∴ No, 22° cannot be an interior angle of a regular polygon.

Question 6.
(a) What is the minimum interior angle possible for a regular polygon? Why ?
Solution:
The minimum number of sides of a polygon = 3
The regular polygon of 3-sides is an equilateral triangle.
Each interior angle of an equilateral triangle = 60°.
Hence, the minimum possible interior angle of a polygon = 60°.

(b) What is the maximum exterior angle possible for a regular polygon ?
Solution:
The sum of an exterior angle and its corresponding interior angle is 180°. (Linear pair)
And minimum interior angle of a regular polygon = 60°.
∴ The maximum exterior angle of a regular polygon = 180° – 60° = 120°.

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 16 Playing with Numbers Ex 16.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 16 Playing with Numbers Ex 16.1

Find the values of the letters in each of the following and give reasons for the steps involved:

Question 1.

Solution:
Here, we have two letters A and B, whose values are to be found.

By observing the ones column, we have A + 5 and we get 2 from this.
1. e., a number whose ones digit is 2, for this A has to be 7.
∴ A + 5 = 7 + 5 = 12

Now, for the sum in tens column, we have 1 + 3 + 2 = B
∴ B = 6
Thus,

Thus, A = 7 and B = 6

Question 2.

Solution:
Here, we have three letters A, B and C, whose values are to be found.

By observing the ones column, we have A + 8 and we get 3 from this.
i. e., a number whose ones digit is 3, for this A has to be 5.
∴ A + 8 = 5 + 8 = 13
Now, for the sum in tens column, we have 1 + 4 + 9 = CB
∴ CB = 14
Here, B = 4 and C = 1

Thus, A = 5, B = 4 and C = 1

Question 3.

Solution:
Here, we have A, whose value is to be found.

Since, product of ones digit
A × A = A, so it must be 1, 5 or 6.
When A = 1, then 1 1 But, the product is 9 A, so A = 1 is not possible.

When A = 5, then
But, the product is 9 A, so A = 5 is not possible.

When A = 6, then

Thus, A = 6

Question 4.

Solution:
Here, we have two letters A and B, whose values are to be found.

By observing the ones column, we have B + 7 and we get A from this, i. e., a number whose ones digit is A.
Now, for the sum in tens column, we have A + 3 and we get 6 from this. Therefore, the value of A must be 2. (Keeping in mind that carry over 1 is to be considered.)
If A = 2, then

Then B + 7 gives 2, so B + 37 must be 5 and sum in tens 6 2 column is 1 + 2 + 3 = 6, so it is correct.

Question 5.

Solution:
Here, we have three letters A, B and C, whose values are to be found.

Units digit of 3 × B is B, so B must be either 0 or 5.

When B = 0, then

When B = 5, then

Now, units digit of 3 × A is A. So A must be either 0 or 5, but A cannot be 0, because if A = 0, then AB becomes one-digit number. So A must be 5 and multiplication is either 55 × 3 or 50 × 3.
55 × 3 = 165, here A = 6, so this is not possible.
∴ 50 × 3 = 150

Thus, A = 5, B = 0 and C = 6

Question 6.

Solution:
Here, we have three letters A, B and C, whose values are to be found.

Units digit B × 5 = B, so B must be either 0 or 5.
When B = 0, then

When B = 5, then

Now, units digit of 5 × A = A, so A must be either 0 or 5.
There are three letters as a product. So A ≠ 0, but A = 5.
So multiplication is either 50 × 5 or 55 × 5.
50 × 5 = 250 and 55 × 5 = 275, so 55 × 5 is not correct.
So 50 × 5 = 250

Thus, A = 5, B = 0 and C = 2.

Question 7.

Solution:
Here, we have two letters A and B, whose values are to be found.

Units digit B × 6 = B, so B must be 2, 4, 6 or 8.
∴ Possible values of product BBB are 222, 444, 666 or 888.
If we divide these numbers by 6, then quotient should be A2, A4, A6 or A8.
Now, 222 ÷ 6 = 37, remainder = 0
But, the quotient is not as A2, so B = 2 is not possible.

Thus, A = 7 and B = 4

Question 8.

Solution:
Here, we have two letters A and B, whose values are to be found.

By observing the sum in unit column, we have 1 + B = 0. So here is a number whose unit digit is 0, so B must be 9.
Now, for sum in tens column, we have 1 + A + 1 = 9.
So A must be 7.

Thus, A = 7 and B = 9

Question 9.

Solution:
Here, we have two letters A and B, whose values are to be found.

By observing the sum in units column, we have B + 1 = 8.
∴ B must be 7.
Now,

By observing the sum in tens digit column, we have A + 7 = 1, i.e., whose unit’s digit is 1, so A must be 4.

Thus, A = 4 and B = 7

Question 10.

Solution:
Here, we have two letters A and B, whose values are to be found.

By observing the sum in tens column, we have 2 + A = 0, so A must be 8.
Then,

Now, by observing the sum in units column, we have 8 + B = 9, so B must be 1.

Thus, A = 8 and B = 1.

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class English Book Solutions English Letter/Application Writing Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 8th Class English Letter/Application Writing

पत्र लिखना एक कला है। एक अच्छा पत्र लिख कर आप शत्रु का दिल भी जीत सकते हैं। पत्र मुख्यतः तीन प्रकार के होते हैं-व्यक्तिगत, व्यावसायिक अथवा अधिकारियों को लिखे गए पत्र।

व्यक्तिगत पत्र (Personal Letters)-व्यक्तिगत पत्र वे पत्र होते हैं जो हम अपने मित्रों या सगे-सम्बन्धियों को लिखते हैं। ऐसे पत्र प्रायः समाचारों से भरे होते हैं। इन पत्रों में हम अपने घर, परिवार, स्कूल या किसी अनुभव का वर्णन करते हैं। ये पत्र एक विशेष विधि द्वारा लिखे जाते हैं। इन्हें ऐसे लिखा जाता है जैसे कि आप किसी व्यक्ति से बातचीत कर रहे हों। पते के अतिरिक्त इन पत्रों के छ: भाग होते हैं।

1. लिखने वाले का पता (The address of the sender)
2. तिथि (Date)
3. सम्बोधन या अभिवादन (The salutation or greeting)
4. विषय-वस्तु (The body of letter)
5. विधिवत् अन्त (The subscription or complimentary close)
6. हस्ताक्षर (Signature)

प्रत्येक भाग को लिखने की अपनी अलग विधि होती है। आओ हम एक-एक करके इनका अध्ययन करें-
1. The Address of the Sender. पहले पत्र भेजने वाले का पता पृष्ठ पर सबसे ऊपर दायें कोने में लिखा जाता था। प्रत्येक लाइन में अन्त में Comma और आखिरी लाइन के अन्त में Full Stop लगाया जाता था।

परन्तु अब पता लिखते समय विराम चिन्ह लगाने की विधि में अन्तर आ गया है। अब पंक्तियों के अन्त में Commas और Full Stop का प्रयोग नहीं होता। इसके अतिरिक्त अब Sender’s Address दाहिने कोने की बजाये बाएं कोने में लिखा जाता है।

15 Model Town
Rajpura
2. Date. तिथि लिखने वाले के पते के बिल्कुल नीचे लिखी जाती है। तिथि लिखने की कई विधियां हैं, जैसे-
15 Model Town
Rajpura
March 12, 20……
या
12th March 20…..
या
12 March 20……
3. The Salutation or Greeting. (i) मित्र को पत्र लिखते समय उसे उसके नाम से सम्बोधित कीजिए; जैसे-Dear Mohan, जहां तक हो सके मित्र को उसी नाम (संक्षिप्त) से संबोधित कीजिए जिस नाम से आप बातचीत करते समय उसे सम्बोधित करते हैं; जैसे,
Dear Monu
Dear Sonu

(ii) माता-पिता, भाइयों, बहनों अथवा घनिष्ठ सगे सम्बन्धियों को आप यूं सम्बोधित कर सकते हैं-
My dear Father or Daddy/Dad
My dear Mother or Mamma/Mom
My dear Brother My dear Gopal
My dear Kamla
नोट-यदि आप Address में विराम चिन्ह नहीं लगाते तो आप सम्बोधन में भी इनका प्रयोग न करें।

4. The Body of the Letter-यह पत्र का सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण भाग है। एक अच्छा पत्र वह माना जाता है जो सरल हो और जिसमें पाठक की रुचि बनी रहे। पत्र की प्रत्येक पंक्ति अर्थपूर्ण एवं रोचक हो। पत्र ऐसे लिखना चाहिए मानो आपका सम्बन्धी आपके सामने बैठा हो और आप से बातें कर रहा हो। पत्र का यह भाग लिखते समय विराम चिन्हों और Grammar के अन्य सभी नियमों का पूरा पालन करें।

5. The Subscription or Complimentary Close-(i) मित्र को लिखे गए पत्र का अन्त इस प्रकार करें
Yours sincerely
या
Your sincere friend

(ii) सगे-सम्बन्धियों को लिखे गये पत्रों का अन्त इस प्रकार करें-
Yours affectionately

(iii) निम्नलिखित phrases के साथ भी व्यक्तिगत पत्रों का अन्त किया जा सकता है- . Ever sincerely yours
या
Your loving son/Love
या
Lovingly yours
नोट-यदि आपने सम्बोधन के समय comma नहीं लगाया तो आप पत्र का अन्त करने वाले phrase के साथ भी comma न लगायें।

6. Signature-व्यक्तिगत पत्र में आप को अपने पूरे हस्ताक्षर नहीं करने चाहिएं। आपको या तो नाम का पहला हिस्सा लिखना चाहिए या फिर वह नाम लिखें जिस नाम से आप अपने सगे-सम्बन्धियों या मित्रों द्वारा पुकारे जाते हैं। जैसे-
Sohan
या
Sonu आप Sohan Lal Gupta अर्थात् पूरा नाम न लिखें।

Salutation and Subscription at a Glance

Official Letters या Business Letters.
(i) ऐसे पत्रों में कोई विशेष अन्तर तो नहीं होता। अन्तर केवल इतना है कि इन पत्रों के प्राय: छ: की बजाए सात भाग होते हैं।

(ii) ऐसे पत्रों में पत्र लिखने वाले का पता और तिथि व्यक्तिगत पत्रों की तरह ही लिखे जाते हैं।’

(iii) ऐसे पत्रों में उस फर्म (Firm) या व्यक्ति का पूरा पता भी पत्र में लिखा जाता है जिसे पत्र लिखा जा रहा हो, जैसे-
Messrs Malhotra Book Depot
(Producers of Quality Books)
Railway Road
Jalandhar City

(iv) ऐसे पत्रों में सम्बोधन की विधि इस प्रकार होती है
Dear Sir
या
Dear Sirs
या
Madam
या
Sir
नोट-यदि व्यक्ति आप से परिचित है तो आप उसे यूं भी सम्बोधित कर सकते हैं-
Dear Mr. Sharma

(v) ऐसे पत्रों की विषय-वस्तु संक्षिप्त, स्पष्ट और विनम्र-भाषी होनी चाहिए।

(vi) ऐसे पत्रों का अन्त यूं करना चाहिए
Yours truly
या
Yours faithfully

(vii) आप माननीय व्यक्तियों अथवा उच्च पद पर आसीन व्यक्तियों को पत्र लिखते हुए Yours respectfully या Yours obediently का प्रयोग भी कर सकते हैं। नाम से सम्बोधित पत्रों का अन्त Yours sincerely से ही करना चाहिए।

(viii) ऐसे पत्रों में हस्ताक्षर पूरे होने चाहिएं और हस्ताक्षर के पश्चात् लिखने वाले का नाम या पद लिखा जाना चाहिए, जैसे-
Yours faithfully
Mohan Lal Sharma
Manager

Important Applications and Letters

1. Application for Marriage Leave
Write an application to the Headmistress of your school for marriage leave.

The Headmistress
Khalsa Public School
Nawanshahr
Madam

I beg to say that the marriage of my elder brother/sister takes place next week. I am to help my parents in making marriage arrangements. So I cannot come to school. Kindly grant me leave for five days. I shall be very thankful to you for this.

Yours obediently
Jaspinder Kaur
Roll No. 25
23. VIII A
March 15, 20 ………….

Word-Meanings-Marriage = विवाह, Takes place = होगी, Arrangements = व्यवस्थाएं, Much = अधिक.

2. Leave for Urgent Work
Write an application to the Principal of your school for leave for a day.

The Principal
A.B. Sen. Sec. School
Patiala Sir

I beg to say that I have an urgent piece of work at home. So I cannot come to school. Kindly grant me leave for today. I shall be thankful to you for this.

Yours obediently
Raman
Roll No. 25
VIII C
February 5, 20 ……

Word-Meanings-Urgent piece of work = आवश्यक कार्य, Grant = प्रदान करो

3. Application for a Testimonial
Imagine you are Kavita, a student of Govt. Sen. Sec School, Ludhiana. Write an application to the Principal of your school requesting him to send a testimonial as you are applying for the post of a clerk.

11 Happy House
Model Town
Jalandhar
The Principal
Govt. Sen. Sec. School
Ludhiana
Sir

I beg to say that I am an old student of your school. I have to apply for the post of a clerk in a bank. I need a testimonial from you for that. I am writing down the following details for reference.

I passed my Sen. Sec. Examination in 2001 with 600 marks. I stood first in the district. I was a member of the school hockey team. I took part in the debates also and won many trophies and cups for the school. I was in the good books of my teachers.

Kindly send me the testimonial as soon as possible and oblige.

Yours obediently
Kavita
March 14, 20……

Word-Meanings-Testimonial = अचरण पत्र, In the good books of = नजरों में अच्छा, Oblige = कृतार्थ करें।

4. Application for Change of Section
Write an application to the Principal of your school requesting him to change your section.

The Principal
Govt. Sen. Sec. School
Sirhind
Sir

I am a student of VIII B of your school. I live in Main Bazaar. All my friends are in VIII A Section of the school. So I feel very lonely in VIII B.

Besides, I have to do my home task alone at home. Whenever I am unable to attend the school, I cannot do my homework. There is none to tell me about the homework given by the class teacher. The boys of my street can help me in other ways also. I hope you will appreciate my problem and change my section.
Thanking you

Yours obediently
Kirpal Singh
Roll No. 46
VIII B
March 15, 20……

Word-Meanings- Feel = अनुभव करना, Ways = ढंग, Lonely = अकेला, Appreciate = समझना।

5. For Admission to the Next Class
Write an application to the Headmaster of your school requesting him for admission to the next class.

The Headmaster
Govt. High School
Phagwara
Sir

I beg to say that I am a student of 7th class of your school. I fell ill in March. Still I appeared in the annual examination. I failed but my class-fellows went to the next class.

I am a good student. I got first division in the half-yearly examination. Kindly give me a test on any day and admit me to the 8th class. I assure you that I shall get first division in Middle Standard Examination.
Thanking you

Yours obediently
Mohan Lal
VIII C
March 5, 20…….

Word-Meanings- Annual = वार्षिक, Division = श्रेणी.

6. Application for Late Fee
Write an application to the Headmaster of your school requesting him to permit you to pay your fee for the month late by ten days.

The Headmaster
Govt. High School
Hoshiarpur
Sir

I beg to say that I am a student of VIII A of your school. Tomorrow is fee day and I am unable to pay it. My father has gone to Delhi. He will come back in ten days. Kindly allow me to pay my fee late by ten days.

Thanking you

Yours obediently
Sohan Lal
VIII A
March 9, 20……..

Word-Meanings- Unable = असमर्थ, Allow = अनुमति देना

7. Permission to take part in Games
Write an application to the Headmaster of your school requesting him to permit you to take part in the evening games.

The Headmaster
A.B.C. High School
Moga
Sir

I am a student of VIII D of your school. Our school is preparing for the Distt. Sports Meet. There are regular games in the school in the evening. I am also fond of games. I am a good player of football. Last year I was a member of the school football team. But this year my name is not in the players’ list because I could not perform well in the final trial. I request you to give me another chance and permit me to take part in the evening games. I assure you that I will try my best to improve my performance.
Thanking you

Yours obediently
Vijay Kumar
Roll No. 25
VIII D
Dated : March 9, 20…………

Word Meanings-Take part = भाग लेना, Permit = अनुमति देना, Assure = विश्वास दिलाना।

8. Permission to go on a Historical Tour
Write an application to your Principal requesting him/her to permit you to go on a historical tour.

The Principal
Govt. Sen. Sec. School
Ladowal
Madam

We, the students of class VIII, beg to seek your permission for a historical tour. The school will close for the summer vacation next week. We want to see the Taj Mahal. We also want to go to Fatehpur Sikri. On our way back, we want to visit Delhi. The trip will be very useful for us. It will give us first hand knowledge of History. The trip will cost two hundred rupees per head. Our teacher of History has agreed to take us to these places. We are 30 girls in all. I hope you will arrange this trip.
Thanking you

Yours obediently
Manjit Kaur
VIII A
April 30, 20……

Word-Meanings- Summer = गर्मी, Trip = भ्रमण, Useful = उपयोगी, Knowledge = ज्ञान

11. On Recovery From Illness
Write a letter to your friend congratulating him on his recovery from long illness.

135 New Road
Nawanshahr
March 18, 20…..
Dear Mohan

I am glad to know that you have recovered from long illness. I congratulate you on your recovery. You worked very hard. So you fell ill. Now please take care of your health.

Take long walks in the morning. Drink milk and eat fruit. All this will make you healthy soon.
With best wishes.

Yours sincerely
Hardeep

Word-Meanings-Glad = प्रसन्न, Recovered = ठीक हो गये हो, Take care of = ध्यान रखो, Congratulate = बधाई देना

12. Invitation on Brother’s Marriage
Write a letter to your friend inviting him to your brother’s marriage.

Govt. High School
Amritsar
March 4, 20………
My dear Kamlesh

You will be glad to know that the marriage of my elder brother comes off on March 9, 20……. The marriage party will leave Amritsar for Delhi the same day. We invite you to join us in our joys.

You know that Delhi is a historical city. There are many buildings worth-seeing. You will see the Red Fort, the Qutab Minar and Jantar Mantar. Rina and Tina have also been invited. They will reach here on Sunday. We will have good time together.
I hope you will reach in time.

Yours sincerely
Mitlesh
Address:
Kumari Kamlesh
45 Mall Road
Shimla

Word-Meanings-Comes off = पड़ती है, Marriage party = बारात, Worth-seeing = दर्शनीय

13. Inviting a Friend to the Birthday Party
Suppose you are Harish. You live at 38 Manavta Park, Hoshiarpur. Invite your friend to come to your birthday party.

38 Manavta Park
Hoshiarpur
February 22, 20……
My dear Surinder

You will be glad to know that my birthday falls on next Monday. There will be a tea party in the evening. I have invited all my friends to the party. I cannot forget you on this day. Please reach here on Sunday evening. We will have a good time together.
Thanking you

Yours sincerely
Harish

Word-Meanings-Falls on = पड़ता है, Invited = आमन्त्रित किया है, Forget = भूलना।

14. To Uncle for a Birthday Gift
Suppose you are Poonam. You live at 232, Phase IX, Mohali. Your uncle has sent you a wrist-watch on your birthday. Write a letter of thanks to your uncle.

232 Phase
IX Mohali
March 8, 20……
My dear Uncle

It is very kind of you to remember me on my birthday. You have sent me a beautiful wrist-watch as a gift. It shows your love for me. I received many gifts that day but I liked your gift the most. Everybody praised it.

The watch will help me a lot. It will make my life regular. I shall never be late for school now. I thank you for this lovely gift. I assure you thar I shall keep this watch with great care.

With regards
Yours lovingly
Poonam
Address :
Shri Manohar Singh
Joginder Nagar
Rohtak

Word-Meanings-Gift = उपहार, The most = सबसे बढ़कर, Praised = प्रशंसा की, A lot = बहुत ज्यादा, Regular = नियमित, Care = ध्यान.

15. To Younger Brother to Take Interest in Studies
Write a letter to your younger brother/sister scolding him/her for neglecting studies.

18 Mohan Nagar
Batala
February 18, 20…….
My dear Suman

I received your progress report yesterday. You have failed in all the subjects. You are not working hard. You are neglecting your studies. It is very bad. Final examinations are drawing near. Be careful. Do not waste your time. Work hard. Finish your syllabus in time.
I hope you will act upon my advice.

Yours affectionately
Mohan

Word-Meanings Subjects = विषय, Neglecting = उपेक्षा कार रहे, Waste = नष्ट करना, Avoid = दूर रहना, Act upon = अमल करना।

16. Invitation for Summer Vacation
Write a letter to your friend asking him to spend a part of his summer vacation with you.

1407 Green Avenue
Amritsar
February 18, 20 ……
My dear Gopal

Your school has closed for the summer vacation. You are free now. I invite you to come to Amritsar. Amritsar is a holy city. Here are many places worth-seeing. You will see Sri Harmandar Sahib, the Durgayana Mandir, the Jallianwala Bagh and other important places.

We shall also study together. I hope you will reach here soon.

Yours sincerely
Ramesh

Word-Meanings-Invite = बुलाना, Holy = पठित्र, Worth-seeing = देखने योग्य।

17. To a Friend on his Failure
Write a letter to your friend who has failed in the examination, asking him not to lose heart but try again.

15 New Colony
Kotkapura
March 18, 20 ……
Dear Raman

Your result is out today. It is very sad that you have failed. It is your own fault. You never worked hard. You moved in a bad company. The result is before you.

Please act upon my advice. Don’t lose heart. Give up bad company and work hard. You will pass next time.

Yours sincerely
Kamal
Address:
Mr. Raman
370 Nai Basti
Ambala

Word-Meaning-Moved = घूमते रहे, Act upon = अमल करना, Lose heart = धैर्य छोड़ना।

18. Condolence Letter.
Suppose you are Satish. You live at 6 Soni Street, Khanna. Your friend has lost his mother. Write a letter of condolence to him.

6 Soni Street
Khanna
Feb. 20, 20 ……
My dear X

I got your letter yesterday. I was shocked to read it. The sudden death of your mother is. a great loss. I share your sorrow.

I met your mother last month. She looked healthy. Her death is untimely. It is the will of God. We must bow before His will. Please have courage.

Yours sincerely
Satish
Address:
Mr. X
15-New Chowk
ABC

Word Meanings-Shocked = आघात पहुंचा, Sudden = आकस्मिक, Great loss = बहुत बड़ी क्षति, Share = बांटना, Sorrow – दुःख, Untimely death = अकाल मृत्यु, Will = इच्छा।

19. To Avoid Bad Company
Write a letter to your younger brother, advising him to avoid bad company. Examination Hall

………City
March 15, 20…….
My dear Mukesh

I received a letter from your headmaster. I gather that you move in a bad company. Ramesh and Dinesh are your friends these days. Both of them smoke. They go to pictures everyday. You, too, have started smoking in their company. You have become a film-fan. Your headmaster is worried about you.

Dear brother, we have high hopes on you. You are the light of our home. The examinations are drawing near. Please give up your bad company.
I hope you will act upon my advice.

With love
Yours affectionately
Kamleshwar
Address:
Mr. Mukesh Verma
Boys’ Hostel
A.B.C. Sen. Sec. School
…….. City

Word-Meaning-Film-fan = फिल्म देखने के शौकीन, Draw near = निकट आना, Act upon = अमल करना।

20. To Father about Your Success in the Examination
You have passed the Middle Standard Examination. Write a letter to your father telling him about your good result.

36 Raj Nagar
Khanna
July 3, 20 ……
My dear Father

Our result was out yesterday. You will be glad to know that I have stood second in the state. I have secured 85% marks. My teacher and headmaster came to our house in the morning. They blessed and patted me. They congratulated the mother. All missed you badly on the occasion. When are you coming home?

Your loving son
Amit

Word-Meanings-Secure = प्राप्त करना, Missed = याद आई, Occasion = अवसर।

21. Letter about Hostel Life
You are Anil, a student of class VIII. You are residing in hostel. Write a letter to your mother about your hostel life.

Boys’ Hostel
A.B.C. Sen. Sec. School
Chandigarh
My dear Mother

Our new session has started. I have got a good room in the school hostel. My hostel life is well disciplined. There are fixed hours for study, meals and games. We get up in time and go to bed in time. Our hostel warden is kind as well as strict to us. He does not allow us to go out of the hostel after the main gate is closed.
Dear Mother, I miss you very badly. I wish I got wings to fly home.

With regards
Yours lovingly
Anil

Word-Meanings- Session = सत्र, Disciplined = अनुशासित, Fixed = निरिचत, Strict = सख्त

22. To Father About Your Papers
You are appearing in the Middle Standard Examination. Write a letter to your father telling him about your progress in the examination.

8 The Mall
Jalandhar Cantt
March 18, 20…….
My dear Father

I am taking my Middle Standard Examination these days. The English paper was very easy. I hope to get 80 marks in it. The paper in Mathematics was a little tough. But I did all the sums.

Punjabi and Social Studies are easy subjects. I hope to do well in them. I am sure that I shall get good marks. I may win a scholarship.
With regards to dear mother

Your loving son
Arun Kumar

Word-Meanings- Taking = दे रहा हृं, Over = समाप्त, Tough = कठिन, Do well = अच्छ करना

23. To Father for Change of School
Write a letter to your father asking him to allow you to change school.

512 Naya Nagar
…….. City
March 10, 20……..
My dear Father

I feel sad to tell you about my school. Once it was a great school. It was considered one of the best schools in the town. Now it is not. We have no Principal these days. We have no English teacher even. So I do not feel good at studies. I want to change my school. Jain High School is a good school. Kindly allow me to join it.

Your loving son
Raj Kumar
Address:
Mr. Mohan Lal Sharma
1 New Road
Patiala

Word Meanings-Considered = समझा जाता था, Feel good = मन लगना, Allow = अनुमति देना।

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class English Book Solutions English Grammar Sentence and its Types Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 8th Class English Grammar Sentence and its Types

A sentence is a well arranged group of words which makes complete sense.
शब्दों का वह सुव्यवस्थित समूह जिससे पूरा अर्थ निकले कहलाता है, जैसे-

1. Lakhi Mal was very rich.
2. Where does the koel sit ?
3. Please bring him milk and fruit now.
4. Hurrah ! We have won the match.

Kinds of Sentence

वाक्य पांच प्रकार के होते हैं-

1. Assertive Sentences (साधारण वाक्य)
2. Interrogative Şentences (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य)
3. Imperative Sentences (आजसयक वाक्य )
4. Exclamatory Sentences (विस्मया दिसूचक वाक्य)
5. Optative Sentences (इच्छासूचक वाक्य)

Parts of a Sentence

वाक्य के दो भाग होते है-

1. Subject (उद्देश्थ)
2. Predicate (विधेय)

1. वाक्य में जिस व्यक्ति पशु स्थान अथवा वस्तु के बारे में कुछ कहा जाता है उसे Subject कहते हैं।
2. Predicate. Subject के बारे में जो कुछ कहा जाता है उसे Predicate कहते हैं।

Sentence	Subject	Predicate
1. Amar lives in Allahabad.	Amar	lives in Allahabad.
2. How does a fish swim ?	a fish	How does swim.
3. May you live long !	you	May live long.
4. Mr. Verma is my teacher.	Mr. Verma	is my teacher.

विशेष- Imperative Sentences का Subject प्राय लुप्त रहता है जैसे-

1. Thank you. (I thank you.)
2. Come in. (You come in.)

Simple and Complex Sentences

What is a Simple Sentence?
(साधारण वाक्य की परिभाषा)

जिस वाक्य में केवल एक Finite Verb हो, वह Simple Sentence कहलाता है। साधारण वाक्य में एक Subject (उद्देश्य) और एक Predicate (विधेय). होता है; जैसे,-

1. Mohan loves his country.
2. Ram plays hockey.
3. Dogs bark.

Note. 1. जिस क्रिया का अपना subject (उद्देश्य) हो, वह Finite Verb (परिमित क्रिया) कहलाती है।
2. ऊपर के प्रत्येक वाक्य में एक-एक Finite Verb (loves, plays, bark) है।
3. प्रत्येक का अपना Subject (Mohan, Ram, Dogs) है और अपना Predicate (loves his country, plays hockey, bark) है।

What is a Complex Sentence?
(मिश्रित वाक्य की परिभाषा)

Complex Sentencé को जानने से पहले Clauses (उप-वाक्य) को समझ लेना आवश्यक है, क्योंकि Clauses के मेल से ही Complex Sentence बनता है।

Clause. शब्दों के ऐसे समूह को Clause (उप-वाक्य) कहते हैं जिसका अपना Subject तथा अपना Predicate हो और साथ में किसी अन्य वाक्य का उप-भाग भी हो।

Kinds of Clauses. Clauses के प्रकार को समझने के लिए हमें नीचे लिखे वाक्य को ध्यान से पढ़ना चाहिए-
I like him because he is brave.
नोट-1. इस वाक्य के दो भाग हैं।
2. प्रत्येक भाग में Subject और Predicate दोनों हैं। इसलिए दोनों ही clause हैं।

पहली Clause (I like him). पहली clause का पूरा अर्थ निकलता है। इसका अर्थ समझने के लिए दूसरी clause की आवश्यकता नहीं है। ऐसी clause को Principal Clause या Main Clause (प्रधान उप-वाक्य) कहते हैं।

दूसरी Clause (because he is brave). दूसरी clause का पूरा अर्थ नहीं निकलता। पूरा अर्थ देने के लिए यह Principal Clause पर depend (आश्रित) है। इसलिए इसे Dependent या Subordinate Clause (आश्रित उप-वाक्य) कहते हैं।

Complex Sentence की परिभाषा-जिस वाक्य में एक Principal Clause (प्रधान उप-वाक्य) तथा एक या एक से अधिक Subordinate Clauses (आश्रित उप-वाक्य) हों, उसे Complex Sentence कहते हैं।

Exercise (With Hints)

Pick out the complex sentences:
1. Rani is a nice girl.
2. I know that Mohan is a good boy.
3. He is the boy whom I saw in the market.
4. The man (who was) on the platform was my brother.
5. I met the girl with blue eyes.
6. I met the old man who had grey hair.
7. I went wherever he went.
8. I want to know where you found my watch.
9. He is the teacher of my choice.
10. Those whom the gods love, die young.
Hints:
2. I know that Mohan is a good boy.
3. He is the boy whom I saw in the market.
4. The man (who was) on the platform was my brother.
6. I met the old man who had grey hair.
7. I went wherever he went.
8. I want to know where you found my watch.
10. Those whom the gods love, die young.

Change of Sentences

A–Affirmative to Negative
नियम- (1) साधारणतया निर्षधात्मक (Negative) वाक्य बनाते समय not का प्रयोग होता है: जैसे-

Affirmative	Negative
1. I am a girl.	1. I am not a girl.
2. We are farmers.	2. We are not farmers.
3. You are a student.	3. You are not a student.
4. He was tall.	4. He was not tall.
5. They were proud.	5. They were not proud.
6. Radha was a fat girl.	6. Radha was not a fat girl.
7. I shall write a letter.	7. I shall not write a letter.
8. You will help me.	8. You will not help me.
9. I am reading a book.	9. I am not reading a book.
10. You are weeping.	10. You are not weeping.
11. I was buying a pen.	11. I was not buying a pen.
12. We were playing cards.	12. We were not playing cards.
13. He was swimming.	13. He was not swimming.
14. She had gone there before.	14. She hadn’t gone there before. Or She had not gone there before.
15. We should finish this job.	15. We should not finish this job.

(ii) Present Indefinite (पहली फार्म) में do not/does not + पहली फार्म तथा Past Indefinite (दूसरी फार्म) में did not + पहली फार्म का प्रयोग होता है: जैसे-

Affirmative	Negative
1. I like mangoes	1. I do not like mangoes.
2. We play hockey.	2. We do not play hockey.
3. You take exercise.	3. You do not take exercise.
4. She speaks the truth.	4. She does not speak the truth.
5. I do it.	5. I do not do it.
6. I took tea.	6. I did not take tea.
7. He read the book.	7. He did not read the book.
8. He sold milk.	8. He did not sell milk.
9. She lived in Delhi.	9. She did not live in Delhi.

(iii) Has, have, had यदि अधिकार (possession) अर्थात् किसी चीज़ का होना व्यक्त करते हों तो प्रायः negative sentences में ‘no’ का प्रयोग होता हैै परन्तु यदि संख्या दी हो तो not का प्रयोग होता है।

1. He has a coat.
He has no coat.

2. He had a book
He had no book.

3. Ram has three books.
Ram has not three books.

विशेष नोट-1. Negative बनाने के लिए isnt, wasn’t, haven’t, shan’t आदि का भी प्रयोग किया जा सकता है। इन छोटे रूपों का अध्ययन इस प्रकार करें

2. Can का Negative cannot में किया जाता है। cannot एक शब्द के रूप में लिखा जाता है।

3. Not का प्रयोग पहले शब्द के तुरन्त बाद करना चाहिए, जैसे, shall have been = shall not have been तथा shall be = shall not be.

4. Everybody का Negative nobody तथा either का neither होता है। जैसे,
Affirmative. Everybody is coming.
Negative. Nobody is coming.
Affirmative. Either he or his friend is coming.
Negative. Neither he nor his friend is coming.

मिश्चित वाक्य (Mixed Sentences)

Affirmative	Negative
1. He is a player.	He is not a player.
2. They were happy.	They were not happy.
3. He has many books.	He does not have many books.
4. We have four toys.	We do not have four toys.
5. The boys had a garland.	The boys had no garland.
6. I read a book.	I do not read a book.
7. He writes a letter.	He does not write a letter.
8. He does his work.	He does not do his work.
9. He went there.	He did not go there.
10. Mohan will tell a lie.	Mohan will not tell a lie.

B-Assertive to Interrogative

Assertive	Interrogative
1. I do my duty.	Do I do my duty ?
2. He can help you.	Can he help you?
3. They laughed at us.	Did they laugh at us ?
4. She is a girl.	Is she a girl ?
5. You are late.	Are you late ?
6. He was happy.	Was he happy?
7. We shall come soon.	Shall we come soon?
8. We built a house there.	Did we build a house there?
9. It may rain today.	May it rain today?
10. We must go there	Must we go there?
11. She does her work.	Does she do her work?

Exercise for Practice

Change the following sentences into Interrogative:
1. They can swim.
2. She has a gold ring.
3. These birds are pretty.
4. We have seen the Taj.
5. She helped me in my work.
6. The carpenter makes furniture.
7. This pen costs ten rupees.
8. The child fell from a tree.
9. He was brushing his teeth.
10. Our soldiers fought bravely.

C-Exclamatory to Assertive

Exclamatory	Assertive
1. What a lovely flower!	It is a very lovely flower.
2. Long live our king!	We wish that our king may live long.
3. Alas ! I shall never be able to meet her again.	It is very sad that I shall never be able to meet her again.
4. Hurrah ! I have won a scholarship.	I am very happy that I have won a scholarship.
5. What a pity you have lost everything!	It is very sad that you have lost everything.
6. Fie ! A soldier and afraid of death!	It is shameful for a soldier to be afraid of death.
7. How cold it is today!	It is very cold today. I am very glad to see you.
8. How glad I am to see you!	It is a very shameful act on your part.
9. What a shameful act on your part !	The traitors must be punished with death.
10. Death to the traitors!	Assertive

Exercise for Practice

I. Change the following Exclamatory sentences into Assertive sentences:
1. Bravo ! You have killed the enemy.
2. Alas ! I am undone.
3. How sweet the child is!
4. Alas ! How stupid I had been !
5. What a terrible noise !
6. How difficult the paper is !
7. May God bless you with a son!
8. What a beautiful wrist-watch!
9. Splendid ! You have won the day!
10. Alas! You have failed.

II. Change the following Affirmative (Declarative) sentences into Interrogative sentences (Questions):

1. He is clever.
2. He was simple.
3. Ram was feeling tired.
4. Sita was angry.
5. They were good friends.
6. I have two books.
7. She has three pencils.
8. We had a good time there.
9. I have to do it.
10. Sohan had finished his work.
11. I shall go there tomorrow.
12. He will play a match.
13. I can do it.
14. He may help you.
15. You could write.
16. The sun does not shine at night.
17. He beats his donkey with a stick.
18. He sees another dog.
19. The horse runs very fast.
20. They play a match.
21. He waited here for an hour.
22. The train started at ten.
23. He never lost heart.
24. I did not find him there.
25. The rose smelt sweet.
Answer:
1. Is he clever ?
2. Was he simple ?
3. Was Ram feeling tired ?
4. Was Sita angry?
5. Were they good friends ?
6. Have I two books ?
7. Has she three pencils ?
8. Had we a good time there ?
9. Have I to do it?
10. Had Sohan finished his work ?
11. Shall I go there tomorrow?
12. Will he play a match ?
13. Can I do it?
14. May he help you ?
15. Could you write ?
16. Does the sun not shine at night ?
17. Does he beat his donkey with a stick ?
18. Does he see another dog?
19. Does the horse run very fast ?
20. Do they play a match ?
21. Did he wait here for an hour ?
22. Did the train start at ten ?
23. Did he ever lose heart?
24. Did I not find him there ?
25. Did the rose smell sweet?

III. Convert the following Interrogative sentences into Assertive (Declarative) sentences:

1. Are you on leave today?
2. Was the train late ?
3. Were the boys not lazy ?
4. Am I strong?
5. Is your sister ill?
6. Has it been raining since morning ?
7. Have you fulfilled your promise ?
8. Had he a pen?
9. Have you a horse ?
10. Has she a lovely voice ?
11. Should I stick to my promise ?
12. Does your father like you?
13. Did she not sing a sweet song?
14. Did he paint the door blue?
15. Can you help me ?
16. Does she sing well ?
17. Do we love our country?
18. Did you have a nice holiday ?
19. Do birds build nests ?
Answer:
1. You are on leave today.
2. The train was late.
3. The boys were not lazy.
4. I am.. strong.
5. Your sister is ill.
6. It has been raining since morning.
7. You have fulfilled your promise.
8. He had a pen.
9. You have a horse.
10. She has a lovely voice.
11. I should stick to my promise.
12. Your father likes you.
13. She did not sing a sweet song.
14. He painted the door blue.
15. You can help me.
16. She sings well.
17. We love our country.
18. You had a nice holiday.
19. Birds build nests.

IV (a) Change the following Positive sentences into their Negative form:

1. Lotus is a very lovely flower.
2. His neighbour was quite well yesterday.
3. Sham has a garland of flowers in his hand.
4. I have a horse.
5. You had corrected me.
6. The cattle graze in the pasture.
7. I get up early in the morning.
8. We saw a snake in the grass.
9. Sit down.
10. Let him die.
Answer:
1. Lotus is not a very lovely flower.
2. His neighbour was not quite well yesterday.
3. Sham has not a garland of flowers in his hand.
4. I do not have a horse.
5. You had not corrected me.
6. The cattle do not graze in the pasture.
7. I do not get up early in the morning.
8. We did not see a snake in the grass.
9. Do not sit down.
10. Let him not die. (Or) Do not let him die.

(b) Change the following Negative sentences into their Positive form:

1. Sohan is not an idle boy.
2. We had not a book.
3. I do not have an umbrella with me.
4. He may not play well today.
5. She cannot tell a lie.
6. Do not bring me a second book of Hindi.
7. Do not let him go there.
8. Do not touch my chair.
9. I did not take the test.
10. You did not attend the class.
Answer:
1. Sohan is an idle boy.
2. We had a book.
3. I have an umbrella with me.
4. He may play well today.
5. She can tell a lie.
6. Bring me a second book of Hindi.
7. Let him go there.
8. Touch my chair.
9. I took the test.
10. You attended the class.

V. Change the following Exclamatory sentences into Assertive sentences:

1. Bravo! You have done well.
2. Alas! I have failed.
3. How beautiful the scenery is!
4. Alas! How foolish I had been!
5. What a disaster the earthquake is!
6. How stiff the paper is!
7. May God reward this act of yours!
8. What a terrible storm it is!
9. Wonderful! I have never seen the like of it earlier.
10. May God pardon this sinner!
Answer:
1. You have done very well.
2. It is very sad that I have failed
3. The scenery is very beautiful.
4. It is very sad that I had been very foolish.
5. The earthquake is a terrible disaster.
6. The paper is very stiff.
7. It is prayed that God may reward this act of yours.
8. It is a very terrible storm.
9. It is surprising that I have never seen the like of it earlier. (or) I wonder if I have ever seen the like of it.
10. It is prayed that God may pardon this sinner.

VI. Pick out the Subject and the Predicate in the following sentences:

1. The sun shines brightly.
2. You speak very hastily.
3. He plays cricket.
4. The rose smells sweet.
5. Children take after their parents.
6. Send it at once.
7. Tell me a story.
8. The old man was listening to the wireless.
9. Slow and steady wins the race:
10. Time and tide wait for nobody.
11. He did his work efficiently.
12. Barking dogs seldom bite.
Answer:

Subject	Predicate
1. The sun	shines brightly.
2. You	speak very hastily.
3. He	plays cricket.
4. The rose	smells sweet.
5. Children	take after their parents.
6. You	send it at once.
7. You	tell me a story.
8. The old man	was listening to the wireless.
9. Slow and steady	wins the race.
10. Time and tide	wait for nobody.
11. He	did his work efficiently.
12. Barking dogs	seldom bite.

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 14 Data Handling MCQ Questions with Answers.

PSEB 6th Class Maths Chapter 14 Data Handling MCQ Questions

Multiple Choice Questions.

Question 1.

(a) 30
(b) 40
(c) 50
(d) 5.
Answer:
(c) 50

Question 2.

(a) 1
(b) 14
(c) 21
(d) 28.
Answer:
(c) 21

Question 3.

(a) 6
(b) 1
(c) 5
(d) 8.
Answer:
(b) 1

Question 4.

(a) 200
(b) 2000
(c) 20
(d) 2.
Answer:
(a) 200

Question 5.
……….. represents data through picture of objects.
(a) Bar Graph
(b) Histogram
(c) Pictograph
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Pictograph

Question 6.
Which tally marks represents 14?

Answer:

Question 7.

(a) 5
(b) 10
(c) 12
(d) 160.
Answer:
(b) 10

Question 8.
……………. is method of representing the data in uniform width size horizontal or vertical box with equal spacing.
(a) Histogram
(b) Bar Graph
(c) Pictograph
(d) Tally Marks.
Answer:
(b) Bar Graph

Question 9.
A …………… is a collection of numbers gathered to give some information:
(a) Frequency
(b) Data
(c) Tally mark
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Data

Question 10.
If on a scale 1 unit = 200 then how much quantity does 5 units will represent?
(a) 100
(b) 1000
(c) 300
(d) 600.
Answer:
(b) 1000

Question 11.
In the adjoining bar graph the growth of population of India from 1951 to 2001 is shown. Observe the graph and find in which two consecutive years the population growth is maximum?

(a) Year 1951 to year 1961
(b) Year 1971 to year 1981.
(c) Year 1981 to year 1991
(d) Year 1991 to year 2001.
Answer:
(d) Year 1991 to year 2001.

Question 12.
The bar graph given alongside shows the amount of wheat purchased by government during the year 1998-2002. Read the bar graph and find in which year was the wheat production maximum?

(a) 1998
(b) 1999
(c) 2001
(d) 2002.
Answer:
(d) 2002

Question 13.

(a) 5
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 8.
Answer:
(c) 7

Question 14.

(a) 5
(b) 7
(c) 9
(d) 10.
Answer:
(d) 10

Question 15.
There is a circus in a village. The number of children came to see circus from Monday to Friday are shown by a pictograph. Read the following pictograph carefully and answer the questions below:

How many children came to see circus on Tuesday?
(a) 25
(b) 50
(c) 75
(d) 100.
Answer:
(c) 75

Fill in the blanks:

Question (i)

Answer:
Seven

Question (ii)
A data is a collection of …………… gathered to give some information.
Answer:
Numbers

Question (iii)
A diagram that represents stastieal data in the form of pictures is called …………….. .
Answer:
pictograph

Question (iv)
The initial step of any investigation is the ……………. of data.
Answer:
collection

Question (v)
The data can be arranged in a ……………. form using tally marks.
Answer:
tabular

Write True/False:

Question (i)
Pictograph represents the data in form of pictures. (True/False)
Answer:
True

Question (ii)
There are three types of data. (True/False)
Answer:
False

Question (iii)
The primary data is collected directly from of source. (True/False)
Answer:
True

Question (iv)

Answer:
False

Question (v)

Answer:
True

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 14 Data Handling Ex 14.3 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 14 Data Handling Ex 14.3

1. Read the following bar graph showing the number of students in a particular class of a school:

Answer the following questions:

Question (i)
What is the scale of this graph?
Solution:
Scale used 1 unit = 10 students

Question (ii)
How many students are there in 2016?
Solution:
Number of students in year 2016 = 50

Question (iii)
Is the number of students in the year 2017 twice the year 2014?
Solution:
Yes:
Number of students in year 2014 = 30
Number of students in year 2017 = 60.

2. Read the bar graph and answer the following questions:

Question (i)
(i) What is the information given by the bar graph?
(ii) Which scale is used in this bar graph?

(iii) What is the maximum age? How many students have maximum age?
(iv) How many students have minimum age?
(v) How many students are 13 years old?
Solution:
(i) Age of different students is represented by bar graph
(ii) Scale used : 1 unit = 4 students
(iii) Maximum age =15 years Number of students of maximum age = 24 student.

3. Read the given bar graph and answer the following questions:

Question (i)
What information does the bar graph represent?
Solution:
The bar graph represents number of shoes sold in different days.

Question (ii)
What is the scale chosen for this graph?
Solution:
Scale chosen : 1 unit = 6 shoes sold

Question (iii)
On which day were the maximum number of shoes sold and how many?
Solution:
The day on which maximum shoes sold = Tuesday
Maximum shoes sold = 42 shoes

Question (iv)
On which day were the minimum number of shoes sold and how many?
Solution:
The day on which minimum shoes sold = Wednesday
Minimum shoes sold = 18 shoes

Question (v)
How many shoes were sold on Thursday?
Solution:
Shoes sold on Thursday = 36 shoes.

4. Read the bar graph which shows the number of books of different subjects in a library:

Answer the following questions:

Question (i)
What information does the bar graph gives?
Solution:
The bar graph gives the information of number of books of different subjects in the library.

Question (ii)
What is the scale chosen for this graph?
Solution:
Scale chosen : 1 unit = 20 books

Question (iii)
Which subject has maximum number of books and how many?
Solution:
Subject which has maximum number of books = Computer
Maximum number of books = 200 books

Question (iv)
Which subject has minimum number of books and how many?
Solution:
Subject which has minimum number of books = Social Science
Minimum number of books of social science = 60 books.

5. The number of Mathematics books sold by a shopkeeper on the different days are shown below:

Days	Number of books sold
Sunday	65
Monday	40
Tuesday	30
Wednesday	50
Thursday.	20
Friday	70

Question (i)
Draw a bar graph to represent the above information choosing the scale of your choice.
Solution:

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 14 Data Handling Ex 14.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 14 Data Handling Ex 14.2

1. The colour of refrigerators preferred by number of people living in a locality are shown by the following pictograph:

Question (i)
Find the number of people preferring blue colour?
Solution:
Number of people preferring blue colour = 50

Question (ii)
How many people liked red colour?
Solution:
Number of people who liked red colour = 55.

2. A survey was carried out on 30 students of class VI in a school. Data about different modes of transport used by them to travel to school was displayed through pictograph.

Observe this pictograph and answer these questions?

Question (i)
How many students come on foot?
Solution:
Number of students who come on foot = 9

Question (ii)
By which mode of transport, less students come?
Solution:
Mode used by less student = Private car.

3. Following is the pictograph showing books on different subjects kept in school library. Observe the pictograph and answer the following questions:

Question (i)
How many math books are there in the library?
Solution:
Number of mathematics books = 18

Question (ii)
Which books are minimum in number?
Solution:
Minimum number of books = Math and English

Question (iii)
Which books are maximum in number?
Solution:
Maximum number of books = Punjabi.

4. The number of desks in rooms of classes VI to X are given below:

Class	VI	MI	VIII	IX	X
No. of desks	30	50	40	35	45

Draw the pictograph by using any suitable scale.
Solution:

5. In the half-yearly examination, the marks scored by a student in each subject out of 100 are given below:

Subject	English	Hindi	Maths	Science	Social Science
Marks scored	70	85	80	65	75

Draw a pictograph taking the scale in which one picture = 10 marks and answer the following questions:

Question (i)
In which subject the maximum marks are obtained?
Solution:

Subject in which, maximum marks obtained = Hindi

Question (ii)
In which subject the student has to do more hard work?
Solution:
Subject in which minimum marks obtained = Science

Question (iii)
What is the difference between the maximum and minimum marks?
Solution:
Difference in maximum and minimum numbers = 85 – 65 = 20.

Read the following information and choose the correct answer for given questions:

6. The marks received by Harjeet in different subject are as follows:

Subject	Punjabi	English	Hindi	Math	Science
Marks	43	40	45	48	37

Question (i)
In which subject, Harjeet scored maximum?
(a) Science
(b) Hindi
(c) Math
(d) Punjabi.
Answer:
(c) Math

Question (ii)
In which subject, Harjeet scored minimum?
(a) Science
(b) Hindi
(c) Math
(d) Punjabi.
Answer:
(a) Science

Question (iii)
HOW many marks he scored in Math?
(a) 40
(b) 45
(c) 48
(d) 43.
Answer:
(c) 48

Question (iv)
How many marks he scored in English?
(a) 40
(b) 45
(c) 48
(d) 43.
Answer:
(a) 40

Question (v)
In how many subjects, he scored more than 45?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 1.
Solution:
(d) 1

7. The number of books sold by a shopkeeper on the different days are shown below:

Days	No. of books sold
Monday	250
Tuesday	280
Wednesday	190
Thursday	175
Friday	220
Saturday	300

Question (i)
On which day, the sale is maximum?
(a) Saturday
(b) Friday
(c) Thursday
(d) Wednesday.
Answer:
(a) Saturday

Question (ii)
On which day, the sale is minimum?
(a) Saturday
(b) Friday
(c) Thursday
(d) Wednesday.
Answer:
(c) Thursday

Question (iii)
On Friday, how many books are sold?
(a) 280
(b) 220
(c) 175
(d) 300.
Answer:
(b) 220

Question (iv)
On Tuesday, how many books are sold?
(a) 220
(b) 175
(c) 280
(d) 300.
Answer:
(c) 280

Question (v)
How many books are sold on Saturday?
(a) 220
(b) 175
(c) 280
(d) 300.
Answer:
(d) 300

Punjab State Board PSEB 8th Class English Book Solutions English Creative Writing Exercise Questions and Answers, Notes.

PSEB 8th Class English Creative Writing

(A) Picture Composition

Now write some sentences on a bicycle. You can take help from the picture.
1.

Answers:
I have a bicycle. Its colour is black. It has a shining strong rims with tyres on them. There are spokes in the rims. Its tongs are tightly fitted to the wheels. Its chain is very light and runs smoothly. I sit on the saddle on my bicycle. Catches its handle and moves its paddles. My bicycle runs very fast.

2.

1. This picture shows the protection of forest trees.
2. A little girl has put her loving arms around a tree.
3. He does not want it to be cut down.
4. Her love for trees has inspired many other women too.
5. They all try to stop people from cutting trees.
6. Whenever people come to their village to cut trees they reach there crying ‘Chipko ! Chipko !” Hug the trees.
7. It has now become a big movement called ‘Chipko Movement’.
8. They cling to the trees till the tree fallers go back.
9. They tell them the great benefits of trees.
Trees, for example, give us fruits, firewood, medicines and many other things.
10. They check air pollution and supply us with fresh oxygen.
11. Above all our forest trees along with various birds and animals living in the forests are the beauty of our earth.

3. Family Picnic

1. The picture depicts (Gericht) a family picnic.
2. Three children with their parents and grand parents have come to enjoy the day.
3. It is bright morning.
4. They have spread a mat near a tree.
5. They have brought some food in g big box. There is another dish in a steel container.
6. The house wife is giving some slikes to the old lady to eat.
7. Her grand-daughter is also giving her something.
8. Father and the son are enjoying the game of chakri/chakti.
9. The grandfather is busy in playing some other game with his grandson.
10. The scene is a feast to the eyes.
11. All look happy and carefree.

4.

1. It is a kids party-five, kids are celebrating it in a beautiful hall outside.
2. The hall is open and is decoated with colourful balloons.
3. The outside panorama (figga) is adding new colours to the scene.
4. The children are in fancy dresses.
5. They have clown caps on their heads.
6. The have a big table in front of them.
7. The cake with candles on it suggest that it is a birthday party of the girl standing near the table.
8. Other kids have brought different gifts for her.
9. There is an arrangement of cold drinks too.
10. The cake will be cut with clappie and cheers
11. The hall will echo with the merry songs of ‘Happy Birthday to ……….

(B) Guided Composition

Write a paragraph with the help of the given, hints:

1. My Best Friends
Hints : True friends rare……….. name……….. classmate……….. tall, smart, hard-working,: intelligent………..family……..one of the best students………. kind, gentle, helpful.

True friends are rare in the world. But I am very lucky to have a true friend. His name is Mohan. He is my classmate. He is tall and smart. He is hard-working and intelligent. He is one of the best students of our school. He comes of a noble family. His father is a doctor. His mother is a teacher. He has many good habits. He gets up early and goes for a walk. He wears neat and clean dress. He is never late for school. He obeys the school rules. He respects his teachers. He is a good player of hockey. He is very kind and gentle. He helps the poor and the needy. He is like a rose among flowers.

Word-Meanings : Rare-दुर्लभ, Classmate-सहपाठी, Habits-आदतें, Needy-ज़रूरतमंद।

2. The Postman:
Hints : Nathu Ram our postman……..to post office……… sorts…….. arranges…….. New bag……. keeps……..letters and parcels……..from house to house………..busy…….. hardworking……….. punctual………..enjoys work………..few holidays……….. brings news………..

Sh. Nathu Ram is our postman. He gets early in the morning. He puts on his dress. He goes to the post office in the morning. He sorts the daak there. He arranges letters and parcels. He has a bag round his shoulder. He keeps letters and parcels in it. He goes from house to house. He gives letters and parcels to the right persons. He is busy from morning to evening. He is very hard-working. He is very regular and punctual. He is never late. He enjoys his work very much. He knows no rest. He has a few holidays. He brings all types of news to us. We wait for him every day.

Word-Meanings : Sorts-छांटता है, Arranges-क्रम में रखता है, Punctual-समय का पाबन्द।

3. My Favourite Teacher
Hints : My teacher……. able and hard-working…….like Sh. K.S. Bedi the most……….tall and handsome………..M.A.; B.Ed……….. noble family………..good habits………..gets up early………. prays to God………..school in time……… well dressed……….polite………. way of teaching………good speaker……….Singer……….. helps the needy.

There are many teachers in our school. They are verable and hard-working. But I like Sh. K.S. Bedi the most. He is my favourite teacher. He is ofr class-in-charge. He is about 42 years old. He is tall and handsome. He is an M.A.; B.Ed. He belongs to a noble family. My teacher has many good habits. He gets up early in the morning He goes out for a walk. He prays to God daily. He always comes to school in time. He is an ays well dressed. He never gets angry.

He is polite to all. He teaches us English. His way of teaching is very simple. He takes part in games. He is a good speaker and fine singer. He is a lover of books. He helps the poor and the needy. All like him very much. May be live long!

Word-Meanings : Handsome – संदर, Belongs-संबंध रखते है, Noble – नेक.

4. Our School Library
Hints : School is a temple of learning………..library an altar……. a big library in my school………..50,000 books………. kept subject-wise………. newspapers and magazines ……….. librarian very helpful and kind……….. really useful.

A school is a temple of learning. A library is an altar ( èÁæ-SÍÜ) in it. My school too has a big library. It is housed in a corner. It has about 50,000 books in it. The books are kept subject-wise. They are kept in almirahs with glass-panes. The library has a number of newspapers and magazines too. They are in Punjabi, Hindi and English. We can borrow books from the library. But no student can keep a book for more than fifteen days. The librarian is very helpful, kind and gentle. But he is very strict. He maintains perfect silence and discipline in the library. We go to the library thrice a week. We read newspapers and magazines. The library is really very useful to all of us.

Word-Meanings : Housed in a corner- एक कोने में स्थित हैं, Magazines- पत्रिकाएं, Perfect silence-पूर्ण खामोशी, Strict-सख्त।

5. A Cricket Match
Hints: We played against the KVM School………..won the toss………. decided to bat……….skipper Abdul made 20 runs………..Surinder and Hira Singh………201 runs………KVM team scored 180 runs………..we won………..dancing.

Last Sunday we played a cricket match against the KVM Sen. Sec. School. It was a 50 over match. Both the teams were equally strong. We won the toss. We decided to bat. Our skipper Abdul opened the innings with his partner Hamid. He made twenty runs. Then came Surinder. He delighted the spectators with five sixes. Hira Singh was the next batsman. He stayed there for two hours and scored seventy runs. The whole team was out for 201 runs. It was now our turn to field. Our bowlers bowled very well. Our opponents were in great difficulty. They were not in a good form. They were all out for 180 runs. As a result we won the match. All of us started dancing in the field. Other students also joined us.

Word-Meanings : Equally-एक समान, Delighted-प्रसन्न किया, Spectators-दर्शक, Opponents-विरोधी

6. A Street Quarrel
Hints : A common sight……….. last night………..studying in my room………..loud noise in the street………..two persons………. hot words exchanged………. blows……….both injured……….had started over a trifle………..pacified by people……….. boys playing……….a ball struck another……….. parents joined………..should be avoided.

A street quarrel is a common sight. Mostly, an ordinary quarrel of children takes an ugly shape. Last night I happened to see a street quarrel. I was studying in my room. Suddenly, I heard a loud noise in the street. I saw a big crowd there. Two persons were exchanging hot words. Soon they came to blows. Both got injured and started bleeding. With great difficulty some people pacified them. The quarrel had started over a trifle. Some boys were playing in the open. By chance a ball struck another boy. They started fighting. Someone informed the parents of both the boys. They came out and started fighting. Thus a big scene was created out of a small thing. Such quarrels should be avoided.

Word-Meanings : Quarrel-झगड़ा, Common sight- आम दृश्य, Ugly shape – गंदा रूप, Exchanging hot words-गुस्से में बोल रहे थे, Blows-मुक्के, Bleeding-खून बहना, Pacified – रांत क्रिया, Trifle – तुच्छ बात

7. A Picnic
Hints : Sunday morning….party of fifteen boys…..carried fruit and cold drinks…. reached bank of a river……splashed water at one another….chatted and laughed…….titbits…….. tea and snacks………. took a bus and reached home ………. remember the day.

“It was Sunday morning. My friends and I decided to go for a picnic. We were a party of fifteen boys. We carried fruit, cold drinks and some snacks with us. We went to a river by bus. We reached the bank of the river at 9 a.m. We took some rest. Then we took off our clothes and jumped into the water. We splashed water at one another. After half an hour we came out of the water. We took fruit and cold drinks. We took rest for some time. Once again we jumped into the water. After half an hour we came out. We were in a cheerful mood. We chatted and laughed. Gurvinder related a few titbits. We had tea and snacks. At 6 p.m. we took a bus and reached our homes at 7 p.m. We remember the day even today.

Word-Meanings : Took off-उतरे, Splashed-छुटि उड़ाए, Related- सुनाये, Titbits – चुटकले, Chatted-बतें की.

8. A Journey by Train
Hints : Travelled from Chandigarh to Delhi by train ……… reached before time ……… bought a ticket ………. the train late, arrived, comfortable seat …….. trees, houses running backwards …….. stopped at Ambala ……. took tea ……… reached Delhi ……. sigh of relief.

Last Sunday, I travelled from Chandigarh to Delhi by train. I reached the railway station before the arrival of the train. I bought a ticket and came to the platform. The train was late. At last the train arrived. The platform was crowded with people. It was very difficult to get a seat. But I was lucky. I got a very comfortable seat near the window. The train started moving. I looked out of the window. The trees, the houses and the electric poles seemed running backwards. The train stopped even at small stations. At Ambala it stopped for half an hour. I came down and took tea. After some time the train started again. I reached Delhi at sunset. I heaved a sigh of relief.

Word-Meanings – Arrival-आगमन, Crowded-मश हुआ था, Seemed- लगता था, Comfortable-आरामदायक, Heaved a sigh of relief-चैन की सांस ली।

9. Going to the Market
Hints : There is a………… in our ……….. Men and women………… Some buy fruit, vegetables, some ……… grains open ………… Sunday ……….. I visited ………… last Sunday ………… many shops………. sari ………. my mother, shirt ……….. book shop …………. a story book ………… my younger sister ………… toys ………… no money left ………… back home.

There is a big market near our town. Men, women and children go there. They buy different things. Some buy fruit and vegetables. Some buy grains. Cloth is also sold there. The market is open on Sunday too. I visited it last Sunday. I went to many shops. First of all I went to a cloth shop. I bought a sari for my mother and a shirt for my brother. Then I visited a book shop. It had all types of books. I bought a story book for my younger sister. I saw a beautiful toy at toy shop. I wanted to buy it. But I had spent all the money. So I came back home.

Word-Meanings : Market- बाजर, Different- भिन्न-भिन्न, Grains-अनज, Bought-खरीदी, Types-प्रकार, Spent-खर्च कर दिए.

10. A Morning Walk
Hints : A morning walk …………. useful ………… fit and healthy ………… I get up ….. friend’s house ………… to the canal ……….. meet people ………… scene very beautiful …………. birds ……… dew-drops ……….. everything fresh ……….. cool breeze ……….. refreshes mind………… reach canal ………… Some people bathing ………… praying………. return home.

A morning walk is very useful. It is a light exercise. It keeps us fit and healthy. Therefore, I go for a morning walk daily. I get up at 5 a.m. and go to my friend’s house. We go out for a walk together. We go to the canal. We meet many people on the way. They are also going for a walk. The morning scene is very beautiful. The birds are chirping. There are dew-drops on the grass. They shine like pearls. Everything looks fresh. A cool breeze is blowing. It refreshes our mind and body. We feel very happy. We reach the canal at about 6 a.m. We walk along the bank. Many men are there. Some are praying. Others are bathing. We also take our bath in the canal. The sun rises and we come back home.

Word-Meanings : Light Exercise-हल्का व्यायम, Canal-नहर, Dew-drops-ओस की बूंदें, Pearls-मोती, Refreshes-ताज़गी देती है।

11. Our Neighbour
Hints : Mohan Babu our neighbour ………… a shopkeeper ………… goes out for a walk ……. returns ………… vegetable market ………… buys vegetables ………… temple ………… devotee of goddess Lakshmi ……….. back from temple ……….. breakfast ……….. leaves for shop ………… a cloth merchant ……….. clever ………. comes home with money ……….. hearty meal with family sleeps early ………. a happy life.

A neighbour is a person who lives near us. Mohan Babu is our neighbour. He is a happy person. He is a shopkeeper. He gets up early in the morning. He goes out for a walk. He comes back after an hour. Then he goes to the vegetable market. He buys vegetables for the family. He goes to the temple daily. He is a devotee of Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth. He takes his breakfast and leaves for his shop. He is a cloth merchant. He is very clever. He deals with his customers well. He returns home late in the evening. His purse is full. He enjoys his meal with his family. He goes to bed early. Thus he leads a real happy life.

Word-Meanings : Neighbour-पड़ोसी, Vegetable market-सब्जी मंडी, Devotee-उपासक, Wealth-धन दौलत, Customers-ग्रहक

12. My Father-A Farmer Hints : Father a farmer ………… not well-educated ………… hard-working ………. truthful and honest ………… respected in village ………… proud of him ………… an open minded man ………… ready to accept things ………… a pleasant person………… settles village quarrels ……….. the wisest man of the village ………… simple and clean life ………… does not lose temper ………… respected by all.

My father is an able person. He is a farmer. Though he is not well-educated, he knows his work well. He is very hard-working. He is truthful and honest. All the villagers respect him. They greet him respectfully. They often consult him about their private affairs. My father has an open mind. He accepts things easily. Moreover, he settles the quarrels among the people of the village. He is the wisest man of the village. He leads a simple and clean life. He does not lose temper with anybody. He is respected by one and all. I am proud of my father.

Word-Meanings-Well-educated-सुरिक्षित, Hard-working-परिश्मी, Greet-अभिवादन करना, Respectfully-आदरपूर्वक, Consult-सलाह लेना, Accept things-बात मान लेना/समझ जाना, Private affairs-निजी मामले, Quarrels-झगड़े, Lose temper-क्रोध करना।

Completion of Incomplete Paragraphs

1. My Mother-A Nurse My mother is a nurse. She spends her day according to a set time-table. She gets up early in the morning. She prepares bed tea for all of us…………..

My mother is a nurse. She spends her day according to a set time-table. She gets up early in the morning. She prepares bed tea for all of us. Then she goes out for a walk. On coming back, she prepares breakfast. She then changes her clothes. She goes to the hospital for her duty. She takes care of every patient. She looks after them very nicely. She comes back in the evening. She prepares tea. We all sit together and talk for some time. Then she starts preparing dinner for us. Really, my mother is a noble lady.

Word-Meanings : According to-के अनुसार, Prepares-तैयार करती है, Breakfast- नारता, Take care of-देखभाल करना, Patients-मरीज, Together-इकट्ठे, Noble- नेक

2. A Football Match Yesterday, a football match was played between our school and Khalsa High School. It was final match. It was played on our school playground…. ……….

Yesterday a football match was played between our school and Khalsa High School. It was final match. It was played on our school playground. The students of both the schools had come to see the match. The match started at 4 p.m. Both the teams were equally strong. The match was very brisk from the very start. The players were in high spirits. Both the teams tried hard to score a goal. But there was no score till interval. After the interval, our team attacked hard. Our centre forward got the ball and scored the first goal. The other team tried hard to equalize but in vain. After a few minutes, the referee blew a long whistle and the match was over. Our team won the match by one goal to nil.

Word- Meanings: Equally-सामन रूप से, Brisk-तेज/ शेचक
उत्सहित In high spirits-Jnifen, Score a goal-गोल करना, Equalize-बराबर करना।

3. An Indian Festival
Or
Diwali

The Diwali is a great Indian festival. It comes off in the month of October or November. It has a story behind it. ……….. .

The Diwali is a great Indian festival. It comes off in the month of October or November. It has a story behind it. Rama came back to Ayodhya after 14 years of exile. This festival is held to mark this day. This festival is held with great pomp and show. People whitewash their houses. They hang pictures on the walls. The Diwali day is a happy day. The bazaars look beautiful. A few years ago the sweets were in great demand on Diwali. But today the taste of the people has changed. They prefer dry fruits to sweets. The Diwali night is a beautiful night. Everywhere there is light. There are rows of candles on the roofs. There is a great noise of crackers. Lakshmi Pooja is held. Some people drink and gamble. It is bad. We should celebrate this festival with purity.

Word-Meanings : Festival-त्योहार, Exile-वनवास, Pomp and show-धूमधाम से, Prefer-अधिक पसन्द करना, Crackers-पटाखे, Gamble-जुआ खेलना, Celebrate-उत्सव मनाना, Purity-fastati

4. A Visit To Shimla

I went to Shimla last year. My uncle was with me. We left by the Kalka Mail. …

I went to Shimla last year. My uncle was with me. We left by the Kalka Mail. It left Jalandhar City at 11 p.m. and reached Kalka at 6 a.m. There we changed the train. The train passed through many tunnels. It snaked its way to Shimla. We stayed there in a good hotel. As we were tired, we slept for three or four hours. In the evening we visited the Mall. There was a great rush at the Mall. The next day we visited Kufri. We also visited Jakhoo hill and other places of interest. We stayed at Shimla for a fortnight. We had a nice time there.

Word-Meanings : Changed the train-रेलगाड़ी बदली, Passed through-गुजरी, Tunnels-सुरंगें, Stayed-ठहरे, Snaked-बल खाते हुए चली, Fortnight-पखवाड़ा (पंद्रह दिन)।

5. The Morning Assembly of Our School

Our school begins at half past eight in the morning. All the students and the teachers reach the school in time. The morning assembly begins……….

Our school begins at half past eight in the morning. All the students and the teachers reach the school in time. The morning assembly begins. All the students stand in rows. They stand facing the school building. Four boys stand facing the assembly. They say prayer. The other students say after them. A student from the seniormost class reads out the main news of the day. A teacher gives the thought for the day and explains it. Sometimes our Headmaster makes some important announcement. Then there is roll-call. The assembly ends with the National Anthem and we go to our class-rooms.

Word-Meanings : Morning Assembly–प्राता: कालीन प्रार्थन साभा, Rows-पंक्तियां, Seniormost सबसे ऊंची, Thought-विचार, Explain-व्याख्या करना, Announcement-घोषणा, Rollcall – हाजिरी

6. A Fire Scene
Or
A House On Fire

It was a summer night. I was sleeping on the roof of my house. I was awakened by the cries of Fire ! Fire ! I got up and reached the spot………….

It was a summer night. I was sleeping on the roof of my house. I was awakened by the cries of Fire ! Fire ! I got up and reached the spot. The house of the Mahajans was on fire. I saw flames rising higher. Many people had gathered there. Some were throwing water on the fire. Others were throwing sand. A few people were taking out goods. The youngest son was sleeping in the upper storey. He was crying loudly. I at once took a ladder and climbed up. The boy was safe. I took him down before the fire reached the upper storey. The boy’s mother was very happy. She thanked and blessed me. Soon the fire-brigade arrived. The firemen struggled hard to put out the fire. After an hour, they brought the fire under control. There was a great loss of property. But thank God there was no loss of life.

Word-Meanings: Awaken- नींद से उठना, Spot-जगह, Flames-लपटें, Sand-रेत, Upper storey-ऊपरी मंज़िल, Ladder-सीढ़ी, Blessed-आशीर्वाद दिया, Under control नियन्त्रण में, Property-सम्मत्ति

C-Picture Description

1.

A boy was coming back from the school. He was on a bicycle. He was cycling very fast. A stone was lying on the road. He did not notice it. His bicycle hit it and lost its balance. He fell down and injured his leg.

One of his schoolmates was coming after him. She was on foot. She saw her wounded classmate and a clinic on the road side. Unluckily, the clinic was closed. Soon the girl remembered a piece of bandage in her bag. She bandanged the wound of the boy. The blood stopped and the boy started walking with her. Soon the boy’s parents reached there. They thanked the girl for her timely help.

2.

Some monkeys were playing in a jungle. Suddenly, they heard the loud sound of an elephant’s trumpet. They got afraid. They ran up and down a tree.

Soon the elephant reached very close to the tree. A little monkey looked towards the elephant and smiled.

The elephant picked him up and put him on his back. The little monkey had a joyful ride. The other monkeys saw him and one by one also jumped on to elephant’s back. The elephant started moving. The monkeys had a jolly good elephant ride.

3.

Once there was a donkey. One day he was wandering in the forest. Suddently he found a lion’s skin lying on the ground. He wore it. Animals saw him and ran away with fear. The donkey was very happy. After some time he heard some donkeys braying. He also stared braying. The animals heard his braying and came to know that he was donkey not a lion. They chased him and drove him away from the forest.

4.

A man was going to the market with his son and ass (गंधा). They met a couple (दम्मत्ति पति- पत्नी) on the way. ‘Why walk when you have an ass to ride ?” called out the husband ‘Seat (बिठा दो) at the boy on the ass.” “I would like that,” said the boy. “Help me up. Father.”

Soon they met another couple. How shameful; (शर्म की बात हे) of you !” cried the woman. “Let your father ride. Won’t he be tired ?” So, the boy got down and the father ride the ass.

Again they marched on. “Poor boy”, “said the next person they met. “Why should the lazy father ride while his son is walking ?” So, the boy got onto the ass too. As they went on, they met some travellers (यात्री). “How cruel of them! They are up to kill the poor ass” cried one of the travellers. Hearing this the father and the son got down. Now they decided (फैसला किया) to carry the ass on their shoulders. As they did so, the travellers brake into laughter (जोर से हंसने लगे) The laughter frightened (डरा दिया) the ass. It broke free and ran away.

Punjab State Board PSEB 6th Class Maths Book Solutions Chapter 14 Data Handling Ex 14.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

PSEB Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 14 Data Handling Ex 14.1

1. The heights (in cm) of students of a class 6th were recorded as below:
116, 117, 125, 116, 118, 120, 125, 121, 124, 117, 116, 115, 119, 121, 124, 117, 116, 119, 123, 120, 116, 121, 119, 116, 118, 125, 116, 119, 123,122,121, 120
Arrange the data in a tabular form using tally marks.
Solution:

2. The weight of 25 students (in kg) are given below:
25, 34, 32, 28, 25, 28, 34, 32, 32, 34, 32, 25, 28, 34, 34, 28, 28, 25, 32, 33, 32, 34, 33, 32,25
Arrange the data in a tabular form using tally marks.
Solution:

3. Ekta is asked to collect data for size of shoes of students in her class 6th. Her finding are recorded in the manner shown below:

Arrange the data in a tabular form using tally marks.
Solution:

4. Shweta threw a dice 40 times and noted the number appearing each time as shown below:

Make a table and enter the data using tally marks. Find the number that appeared:

Question (i)
The minimum number of times.
Solution:

4

Question (ii)
The maximum number of times.
Solution:
5.

5. The students of class 6th had a Maths test and scored marks out of 10, which are listed below:

Question (i)
Organize the data using tally marks.
Solution:

Question (ii)
How many students scored less than or equal to 6?
Solution:
15

Question (iii)
How many students scored more than 7?
Solution:
9