This PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 6 Minerals and Power Resources will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 6 Minerals and Power Resources
→ Minerals (Types of Minerals) – Natural chemical compounds.
→ Metallic – Ferrous: Iron ore, manganese, chromite, tungsten, nickel, and cobalt.
→ Non-Ferrous: Gold, silver, copper, lead, bauxite, and magnesium.
→ Non-metallic – Limestone, nitrate, dolomite, potash, gypsum.
→ Mineral Fuels – Coal, petroleum, and gas.
→ Iron ore – Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, and Goa are the main producers.
→ Manganese (Second in world reserves):
- Orissa is the major producer of Manganese.
- Karnataka, M.P., Maharashtra, and Goa are other states.
→ Mica – India leads the world with 60% of world production.
→ Bauxite (Source of aluminium) – Jharkhand, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, and M.P. are the main producers.
→ Conservation – Reduction of wastage in mining, Fewer exports, Substitutes, Recycling.
→ Conventional Sources of Energy – Thermal coal, petroleum, and gas 70.6%, Hydro 25.5%, Nuclear 2.6%, Wind 1.3%.
→ Power Generation Capacity – 1400 MW in 1947; 1,02,000 MW in 2011.
→ Coal – Per capita consumption 400 kg in 2011.
→ Petroleum:
- Estimated Reserves: 4000 million tonnes,
- Production: 33 million tonnes (63% Mumbai High, 18% Gujarat, 16% Assam).
→ Natural Gas:
- Consumption: 23 billion cubic metres
- Recoverable Reserves: 700 bIllion cubic metres
- Production: 27,860 million cubic metres per year.
→ Electricity:
- Installed capacity: 1,04,917 MW
- Per capita consumption: 379 KW (lowest in the world).
→ Non-conventional sources – 95000 MW (Solar, wind, biogas)