This PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes Civics Chapter 3 The State Government will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes Civics Chapter 3 The State Government
State Legislature:
- There are two Houses-State Legislatures of some states have two Houses while in others there is only one House.
- The Lower House is called Legislative Assembly and the Upper House is called Legislative Council.
- In the states where there is one House, it is called Legislative Assembly.
Legislative Assembly:
- The maximum number of members of the Legislative Assembly is 500 and the minimum number is 60.
- The minimum qualification of membership for the Legislative Assembly is 25 years or more.
- He should not be holding any office of profit.
- Its term is 5 years.
Legislative Council:
- Legislative Council is a permanent House.
- One-third of its members retire every two years.
- The term of a member is six years.
- One-third of the members of this House are elected by Legislative Assembly, one more by Municipal Corporations and
- Councils, one-twelfth by men of graduates, and the other one-twelfth by the teachers of schools, colleges, and universities.
- The rest of the members are nominated by Governors.
State Executives:
Governors, Chief Ministers, and Council of Ministers.
Governor:
- The Governor is appointed by the President for five years.
- All the executive actions of the state are taken in his name.
- But in actual practice, these powers are exercised by the Chief Minister.
- All important decisions are taken in the name of the Governor.
- Any bill passed by State Legislature becomes law only after it has been signed by the Governor.
- He can also issue ordinances in the absence of Legislature.
- He also enjoys some executive powers.
President Rule:
- On the recommendation of the Governor, the President can declare an emergency in the state.
- In the time of Emergency in the state, the Governor can exercise all the executive powers at his discretion.
Chief Minister and Council of Ministers:
- The Governor appoints the leader of the majority party as the Chief Minister.
- He appoints other Ministers on his recommendation.
- The Council of Ministers is jointly responsible to the Legislature.
High Court:
- In every state, there is one High Court.
- Sometimes two or more two states can have jointly one High Court.
Jurisdiction of High Court:
Original, appellate, and administrative jurisdiction.
Original Jurisdiction:
Any case regarding the fundamental rights can be brought directly to the High Court.
Appellate Jurisdiction:
High Court hears appeals against the decision of the lower court in most of the revenue and criminal cases.
Administrative Jurisdiction:
The High Court has the power to supervise and control the Lower House in its jurisdiction.
Subordinate Courts:
- Subordinate courts are supervised by the High Court.
- These include District and Sessions Courts and Lower Courts.
Lok Adalat:
The Lok Adalats have been set up in the states with a view to providing speedy and cheap justice to the poor.