PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and His Martyrdom

This PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and His Martyrdom will help you in revision during exams.

PSEB 12th Class History Notes Chapter 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and His Martyrdom

Early Career:

  • Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was born on April 1, 1621 A.D. at Amritsar.
  • The name of his father was Guru Hargobind Ji and the name of his mother was Nanaki.
  • Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was imparted education by Baba Buddha Ji and Bhai Gurdas Ji.
  • Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was married to Gujari, the daughter of Lai Chand, a resident of Kartarpur.
  • On the instructions of his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji lived at Bakala for 20 years.
  • It was Makhan Shah Lubana who found him out and the Sikhs accepted him as their Guru.
  • He assumed Guruship in 1664 A.D.

Chapter 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and His Martyrdom

Travels of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji:

  • After assuming Guruship, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji undertook the travels of several areas within and outside Punjab.
  • The main objective of these travels was to propagate Sikhism and spread the message of truth and love.
  • First, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji travelled to Aipritsar, Walla, Ghukewali, Khadur Sahib, Goindwal Sahib, Tarn Taran, Khemkaran, Kiratpur Sahib, Bilaspur, etc. in 1664 A.D.
  • After this, he travelled to Eastern India i.e. Saifabad, Dhamdhan, Delhi, Mathura, Brindaban, Agra, Kanpur, Banaras, Gaya, Patna, Dhaka, and Assam.
  • In 1673 A.D. Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji travelled to the Malwa and Bangar regions of Punjab for the second time.
  • These travels led to the glory of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib and Sikhism.

Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji:
The main facts associated with the martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji are as follows:

Causes:

  • The enmity between the Sikhs and Mughals was increasing.
  • Aurangzeb was an orthodox Sunni Muslim.
  • Naqshbandis tried to instigate Aurangzeb against the Sikhs.
  • Ram Rai was using all measures to get hold of Guruship.
  • Kashmiri Pandits pleaded help from Guru Sahib for their defence.

Chapter 9 Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and His Martyrdom

Martyrdom:

  • Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji along with his three companions.
  • Bhai Mati Das Ji, Bhai Sati Das Ji, and Bhai Dayala Ji were brought before the court of Delhi on November 6, 1675 A.D.
  • They were asked to embrace Islam which they outrightly refused.
  • After his three companions were martyred, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was also martyred on November 11, 1675 A.D. at Chandni Chowk in Delhi.

Importance:

  • The martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji sent a wave of hatred and revenge in the whole of Punjab against the Mughal empire.
  • Hinduism was protected against extinction.
  • Guru Gobind Singh Ji was inspired to establish the Khalsa Panth.
  • It marked the beginning of the tradition of sacrifice among the Sikhs for the protection of Sikhism.
  • It sounded the death knell of the Mughal Empire.

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