Punjab State Board PSEB 11th Class Biology Important Questions Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants Important Questions and Answers.
PSEB 11th Class Biology Important Questions Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Very short answer type questions
Question 1.
The product of photosynthesis is transported from the leaves to various parts of the plant and stored in some cells before being utilised. What are the cells/tissues that store them?
Answer:
Parenchyma.
Question 2.
What is the function of phloem parenchyma? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
It takes part in lateral conduction of food and supply of water from xylem.
Question 3.
What is the epidermal cell modification in plants which prevent [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Cuticularised trichoblasts or epidermal hair which produce a stationary layer of air over the surface that reduces isolation and rate of transpiration.
Question 4.
The cells of this tissue are living and show angular wall thickenings. They also provide mechanical support. The tissue is: [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) xylem
(b) sclerenchyma
(c) collenchyma
(d) epidermis
Answer:
(c) The collenchyma is a simple permanent tissue, which provide mechanical support.
Question 5.
In which vascular bundles, phloem lies on the outer side and xylem towards the inner side or central axis?
Answer:
Collateral vascular bundles.
Question 6.
What is present on the surface of the leaves which helps the plant prevent loss of water but is absent in roots? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Cuticle layer and wax.
Question 7.
What constitutes the cambial ring? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Fusion of interfascicular and intrafascicular cambium strips.
Question 8.
The cross-section of a plant material showed the following features when viewed under the microscope (a) Vascular bundles were radially arranged (b) Four xylem strands with exarch condition of protoxylem. To which organ should it be assigned? [ NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Dicot root.
Question 9.
What do hardwood and softwood stand for? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Hardwood contains xylem vessels, i.e., dicot wood. Softwood contains tracheids only, i. e., gymnospermous wood.
Question 10.
Give one basic functional difference between phellogen and phelloderm.
Answer:
Phellogen is meristematic and divides to produce new cells. Phelloderm stores food materials.
Short answer type questions
Question 1.
Differentiate among parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma.
| Parenchyma | Collenchyma | Sclerenchyma |
| 1. Living cells. | 1. Living cells. | 1. Dead cells. |
| 2. Forms | 2. Found below epidermis. | 2. Usually found in epidermis. |
| 3. Chloroplast present. | 3. Chloroplast present sometimes. | 3. Chloroplast absent. |
| 4. Performs many vital functions. | 4. Provides mechanical support to growing parts. | 4. Provides mechanical support to organs. |
Question 2.
Mention key differences between xylem and phloem.
Answer:
Differences between xylem and phloem
| Xylem | Phloem |
| 1. Composed of tracheids, vessels and xylem parenchyma. | 1. Composed of sieve tubes, companion cells and phloem parenchyma. |
| 2. Facilitate conduction of water and minerals from roots. | 2. Facilitate conduction of food from leaves. |
Question 3.
What is the difference between simple tissue and complex tissue in plants?
Answer:
Simple tissues are composed of similar cells. Complex tissues are composed of dissimilar cells. Simple tissues provide bulk and mechanical support to plants. Complex tissues are meant for transportation of substances and they also provide mechanical support.
Question 4.
What is the difference between monocot and dicot leaves?
Answer:
Stomata are found on both surfaces in monocot leaves, while they are found on ventral surface only, in dicot leaves. In monocot leaves venation is parallel, which is evident by similar size of vascular bundles. In dicot leaves venation is reticulate, so vascular bundles are of various sizes.
Question 5.
What are the differences between meristematic tissues and permanent tissues?
Answer:
Differences between meristematic tissues and permanent tissues
| Meristematic Tissues | Permanent Tissues |
| 1. Cells keep on dividing. | 1. Cells stop dividing. |
| 2. Growth is the basic function. | 2. Protection is the basic function. |
| 3. Found in tips of roots and stem. | 3. Found in girth and periphery. |
Long answer type questions
Question 1.
Distinguish between following:
(i) Exarch and endarch condition of protoxylem
(ii) Stele and vascular bundles
(iii) Protoxylem and metaxylem
(iv) Interfascicular cambium and intrafascicular cambium
(v) Open and closed vascular bundles
(vi) Stem hair and root hair [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(i) In exarch condition protoxylem towards the periphery. In endarch
condition protoxylem towards the centre.
(ii) Stele is the arrangement of vascular tissues and vascular bundle is a group of xylem and phloem.
(iii) Protoxylem is an early formed xylem and metaxylem is late formed xylem.
(iv) Interfascicular cambium is formed by permanent tissues. Intrafascicular cambium is present in between the primary xylem and primary phloem of a vascular bundle.
(v) Open vascular bundles have intrafascicular cambium and show secondary growth. Closed vascular bundles do not have intrafascicular cambium.
(vi) Stem hair are multicellular, whereas root hair are unicellular.