PSEB 9th Class SST Notes History Chapter 2 Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji and Contemporary Society

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This PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes History Chapter 2 Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji and Contemporary Society will help you in revision during exams.

PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes History Chapter 2 Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji and Contemporary Society

Birth:

  • Guru Nanak Dev Ji was the founder of the Sikh religion.
  • According to the Sakhi of Bhai Meharban and old Sakhi of Bhai Mani Singh, he was born at Talwandi on April 15, 1469 A.D.
  • At present his place of birth is called Nankana Sahib.

Parentage:

  • The name of the mother of Guru Nanak Dev Ji was Mata Tripta.
  • His father’s name was Mehta Kalu.
  • He was a Patwari (a revenue officer).

The Ceremony of Sacred Thread (Janeu):

  • Guru Nanak Dev Ji was strongly opposed to useless ceremonies and empty rituals.
  • He, therefore, refused to wear the thread of cotton, considered as a sacred thread.

PSEB 9th Class SST Notes History Chapter 2 Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji and Contemporary Society

The Pious Deal (Sacha Sauda):

  • The father of Guru Nanak Dev Ji gave him twenty rupees for starting some business.
  • Guru Nanak Dev Ji spent this money to serve food to the saints, beggars, and the needy and this made a Pious Deal (Sacha Sauda).

Enlightenment:

  • Guru Nanak Dev Ji attained enlightenment during his bath at a rivulet called ‘Bein’.
  • One morning he took a dip in the river and reappeared after three days as an enlightened being.

Udasis (Travels):

  • The Udasis refer to those travels which Guru Nanak Dev Ji undertook as a selfless pious wanderer without any care for his social bindings.
  • The aim of his Udasis or Travels was to end the prevalent superstitions and guide humanity on the path of true faith.
  • Guru Ji went on three Udasis in different directions.

Stay at Kartarpur:

  • Guru Nanak Dev Ji founded the city of Kartarpur in 1521 and started residing there.
  • He composed “Var Malhar’, ‘Var Manjh’, ‘Var Assa’, ‘Japji Sahib’, ‘Patti’, ‘Barah Maha’ etc. at Kartarpur.
  • He also established the traditions of Sangat and Pangat there.

Guru Sahib Merged with the Supreme God:

  • On September 22, 1539, he merged with the Ultimate Supreme God.
  • Before he breathed his last, he had appointed Bhai Lehna as his successor.

Teachings about God:

  • The teachings of Guru Nanak Dev Ji were that God is formless, Self-created, Omnipresent, Omnipotent, Compassionate, and Great.
  • He can be easily achieved with the blessings of a True Guru and self-surrender.

Sangat and Pangat:

  • The congregation of the followers of the Guru is called Sangat.
  • They sit together to learn the real meaning of the Guru and sing in praise of God.
  • In the Pangat system, all the followers of the Guru sit together on the floor to partake food from a common kitchen (langar).

Lodhi Rulers:

  • Punjab was under the rule of the Lodhis.
  • The rulers of the dynasty were Bahlol Lodhi, Sikander Lodhi, and Ibrahim Lodhi.

PSEB 9th Class SST Notes History Chapter 2 Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji and Contemporary Society

Punjab under Ibrahim Lodhi:

  • Punjab was the centre of conspiracies during the reign of Ibrahim Lodhi.
  • The Subedar of Punjab, Daulat Khan Lodhi invited Babur, the ruler of Kabul, to invade India.

Daulat Khan Lodhi and Babur:

  • During the fifth invasion of Babur on India, Daulat Khan Lodhi, the Subedar of Punjab, fought against Babur.
  • Daulat Khan Lodhi was defeated.

Political Condition:

  • Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born in 1469 A.D.
  • The political condition of Punjab was not good at the time of his birth.
  • The rulers of Punjab were weak and fought among themselves.
  • Punjab was passing through a phase of chaos and disorder.

Social Condition:

  • The social condition of Punjab during this period was miserable.
  • The Hindu society was divided into castes and sub-castes.
  • The condition of women was pitiable.
  • The people were of low moral character and were superstitious.

The Victory of Babur on Punjab:

  • The First Battle of Panipat was fought in 1526 A.D.
  • In this battle, Ibrahim Lodhi was defeated and Babur occupied Punjab.

Muslim Society:

  • The Muslim society was divided into three classes namely, the upper class, middle class, and the lower class.
  • The leading military commanders, Iqtadars, Ulemas, and Sayyids were included in the upper class.
  • In the middle class, the traders, farmers, soldiers, and low-ranking government officers were included.
  • The lower class was comprised of artisans, slaves, and household servants.

PSEB 9th Class SST Notes History Chapter 2 Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji and Contemporary Society

Hindu Society:

  • At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Hindu society was divided into four main castes i.e. the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras.
  • The goldsmiths, ironsmiths, weavers, carpenters, tailors, potters were a few of the castes and sub-castes.

→ 1469 A.D. – Birth of Guru Nanak Dev Ji

→ 1499 A.D. – Attainment of True Knowledge

→ 1499-1510 A.D. – First Udasi

→ 1510-1515 A.D. – Second Udasi

→ 1515-1517 A.D. – Third Udasi

→ 1517-1521 A.D. – Fourth Udasi

→ 1522 A.D. – Foundation of Kartarpur

→ 22 September 1539 – Guru Nanak Dev Ji merged with the Supreme God

→ 1526 A.D. – First battle of Panipat.

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