This PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life
→ Four Spheres of Earth: Earth is a planet where life exists. It has four spheres – Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere.
→ In the Biosphere, many species live.
→ All the species living in an area are called Fauna and the vegetation of an area is called Flora.
→ Natural Vegetation: Vegetation grown without human interference is called natural vegetation. It grows automatically in its region.
→ Geographical Factors Responsible for Natural Vegetation: Many factors are responsible for the growth of natural vegetation in an area and these are soil, land, temperature, duration of sunlight, rainfall, etc.
→ Diversity of Plants: Forests, pasture lands, and bushes are included in the natural vegetation in India. More than 45,000 plants are available in India.
→ Types of Natural Vegetation: Indian natural vegetation is mainly divided into five parts as Tropical Evergreen forests, Tropical Deciduous forests, Scrubs, and Thorny forests, Tidal or Mangrove forests, and Mountainous forests.
→ Types of Vegetation in Mountainous Region: In the mountainous region, many types of vegetation are available such as tropical evergreen forest and polar natural vegetation. All these types are available only upto the height of 6 km.
→ Fauna: More than 89,000 species of animals and birds exist in India. 2546 types of fish are there in the fresh and salty water of India. Around 2000 types of birds are also there in India.
→ Protection of Biodiversity: To protect the biodiversity in India, a number of wildlife sanctuaries, biodiversity parts, and zoos are made in India.
→ Soils in Punjab: Many types of soil are available in Punjab such as Alluvial soil, Sandy soil, Clayey soil, Loamy soil, Hill soil, or Kandi soil, Sodic, and Saline soil, etc.
→ Natural Vegetation in Punjab: Due to the availability of many types of soils in Punjab, many types of vegetation are also available over here such as Himalayan type Moist Temperature Vegetation, Subtropical Pine Vegetation, Subtropical Scrub Hill Vegetation, Tropical Dry Deciduous vegetation, and Tropical Thorny Vegetation.
→ Soil: Soil is formed by the broken parts of basic rocks. It is helped by many factors such as temperature, flowing water, rainfall, etc.
→ Importance of Forests: Forests are very much important for us such as they provide us wood, they help in rains and stop soil erosion. They give us oxygen and make our environment healthy.
→ Migrated Birds: Many birds migrate to India during a particular season such as Siberian crane, Black-winged still, Bar-headed goose, Demoiselle, Crane, Greater flamingo, etc.
→ Medicinal Plants: Many plants in India are helpful in the making of medicines such as amla, sarpgendha, tulse, neem, chanden, bill, Jamun, etc.