This PSEB 8th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 15 The Revolt of 1857 will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 8th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 15 The Revolt of 1857
→ Revolt of 1857: In 1857 A.D, Indian rulers, soldiers, and the public rose in an armed revolt to oust the British from India. This revolt is known as the ‘First War of Indian Independence.
→ Political Causes: Indian rulers (of Jhansi, Nagpur, Sitara, Jaitpur, Bilaspur, etc.) and landlords were annoyed with the British on account of their annexationist policies. They collectively planned to struggle against the foreign rule.
→ Social and Economic Causes: The British ended the Sati practice, permitted widow marriage, and ruined Indian industries.
→ Military Causes: Indian soldiers were paid low salaries and were not treated well. The order to use greased cartridges enraged the Indian sepoys. It was the immediate cause of the revolt.
→ Centres of Revolt: The main centres of revolt were Delhi, Kanpur, Jhansi, Gwalior, Varanasi, and Lucknow.
→ Leaders of the Uprising: The chief leaders of the revolt were Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Jafar, Rani Laxmi Bai, Nana Sahib, Tantaya Tope, etc.
→ Failure of the Revolt: There was no co-ordination among the Indian rulers. The rebels were not trained soldiers and had no means of communication. They had no sound financial resources and modern weapons of war like the British had.
→ Effects of Revolt: The rule of the Company came to an end. The number of Indians in the army was reduced. Differences between the Hindus and the Muslims increased.