This PSEB 7th Class Science Notes Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 7th Class Science Notes Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms
→ Breathing is a part of the process of Respiration during which the living beings take in (inhale) oxygen and give out (exhale) carbon dioxide into the air.
→ The oxygen we take in when we breathe breaks down glucose into water and carbon dioxide and also releases the energy that is necessary for the existence of living beings.
→ During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down in the cells of an organism.
→ During Aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen.
→ During Anaerobic respiration, the breakdown of glucose occurs in the absence of oxygen.
→ During hard physical activities such as heavy exercise, fast running, and cycling, etc, energy demand is high but oxygen to produce energy is limited so anaerobic respiration takes place.
→ The breathing rate also increases during heavy physical activity.
→ Different organs are present in different organisms for respiration.
→ Lungs expand when oxygen is inhaled and contract again when exhaled.
→ The blood contains haemoglobin which carries oxygen to different parts of the body.
→ In cows, buffaloes, dogs, cats, and other mammals, the respiratory organs are similar to the human respiratory organs and the respiratory function is similar to that of humans.
→ In earthworms, gases in the gut are exchanged through moist skin.
→ In fish, this action takes place through the gills and in insects through the respiratory tract.
→ The breakdown of glucose in plants is similar to that in other organisms.
→ The roots of plants take air from the soil.
→ The leaves have small pores or holes called stomata, through which gases are exchanged.
→ Respiration: It is a biochemical reaction in organisms that involves the oxidation of complex organic foods. This results in the formation of carbon dioxide and water and releases energy.
→ Aerobic Respiration: Respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration.
→ Anaerobic Respiration: Breathing that occurs in the absence of oxygen is called Anaerobic Respiration.
→ Stomata: A special type of pores are present on the top layer of leaves for the exchange of air and water vapours, called stomata.
→ Respiration: This is a simple mechanical activity in which oxygen-rich air is pulled and goes into the lungs (respiratory organs). This action is called breathing. Carbon dioxide, rich air is released into the atmosphere after respiration called exhalation. This complete process is called Respiration.
→ Breathing: The act of filling the respiratory organs (lungs) with oxygen-rich air from the atmosphere is called breathing.
→ Exhalation: An activity in which carbon dioxide-rich air is expelled out of the lungs.
→ Cellular Respiration: The process that takes place inside a cell in which energy is produced after the chemical decomposition of food is called cellular respiration.
→ Breathing rate: The number of times a person breathes in a minute is called breathing rate.
→ The average person’s breathing rate is 12 to 20 breaths per minute.
→ Gills: These blood vessels are special wing-like organs that are present in some aquatic organisms, such as fish, breathe with help of gills. The water and blood flow in opposite directions which increases the diffusion of oxygen.