PSEB 9th Class SST Notes Geography Chapter 6 Population

This PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 6 Population will help you in revision during exams.

PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 6 Population

→ Human Resource:

  • Humans are considered as resources because they are the ones who actually create natural resources into usable resources.
  • But now humans have the capability even to change their surroundings according to their needs.
  • That’s why it is necessary for us to educate and develop human resources so that they can be used for national development.

→ Census Survey 2011: According to the census survey of 2011, the Indian population was 121 crore which accounted for 16.7% of the world’s population.

→ The density of Population:

  • Most of the Indian population lives in the plains.
  • The density of population in India is 382 persons per sq. km. Punjab’s density of population was 551 in 2011.

PSEB 9th Class SST Notes Geography Chapter 6 Population

→ Population Growth:

  • The population of an area never remains the same.
  • It keeps on changing. When this change comes in a positive manner it is called population growth.
  • Birth rate and death rate play a very important role in changing the population of an area.

→ Sex Ratio:

  • The ratio of males and females in the population is called the sex ratio.
  • It is explained in a way that a number of females are shown in an area behind every 1000 males.

→ Age-structure: Population can be divided into three parts on the basis of age and these are:

  • The age group of 15 years or less
  • The age group of 15-65 years
  • The age group of 65 years and above.

→ This division of population is called age structure.

→ Immigration and Emigration:

  • Immigration and emigration also play an important role in changing the population of a region.
  • The meaning of immigration is when people migrate to other regions or countries to live and emigration is the process when people come to any region or country to live.

→ Migrant Labour in Punjab:

  • Many industries have been established in many cities of Punjab and there is always a need for temporary workers to do work in such industries.
  • In the same way, workers are also required to do work in agricultural fields.
  • That’s why many migrants come to Punjab from the states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, etc.

→ Working Population and Dependent Population: India’s 41.6% is dependent population and 58.4% population is working for the population.

→ Increasing population:

  • The growth of the population depends upon birth rate and death rate.
  • India’s death rate has come down very quickly but the birth rate is coming down quite slowly.
  • The major reason for decreasing death rate is the spread of health services.

PSEB 9th Class SST Notes Geography Chapter 6 Population

→ Literacy: At the time of Indian Independence, India’s literacy rate was 14%. But in 2011, the literacy rate increased upto 74.01%.

→ Health:

  • To know about the level of population, it is must to look into the health of people.
  • During the last few decades, the government has greatly stressed increasing health services in the country and has established many hospitals, dispensaries, and even an increased number of doctors.

→ Occupational Population structure:

  • 53% of India’s population is still engaged in the primary sector i.e. agriculture.
  • 13% of people are engaged in the secondary sector and 20% are in the tertiary sector.

→ Population Distribution of Punjab:

  • There are 12,581 villages and 217 small big cities in Punjab.
  • There is a great difference in their population.
  • Few areas have a density of population around 400 persons per sq. km. and few regions have more than 900 persons per sq. km.

→ Female Foeticide:

  • Female foeticide leads to an imbalance in the population.
  • That’s why the sex ratio in India is 1000 : 943 and in Punjab, it is 1000 : 895.

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