This PSEB 8th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 23 India after Independence will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 8th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 23 India after Independence
→ Framing of the Constitution: The Constituent Assembly of India started to prepare the new Constitution in July 1946 A.D. which was completed on 26th November 1949 A.D.
→ Unification of Indian Princely States: India became free on 15th August 1947 but the unification of Princely States was one of the biggest problems for India. This problem was solved by Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel With great intelligence.
→ Reorganization of States: Indian states were reorganized in 1956 A.D. on the basis of language.
→ Development of Agriculture and Industries: A lot of development took place in India after independence in the fields of agriculture and industries.
→ Basis of Foreign Policy of India: The main base of the foreign policy of India is Non-Alignment. It means that India remains away from the military alliances of the world.
→ Another basis of our foreign policy in co-operation with the United Nations and keeping friendly relations with neighbouring countries.
→ Non-Aligned Movement: India, Yugoslavia, and Egypt were primary and main members of the Non-Aligned Movement.
→ Indian Prime Minister, Pt. Jawahar Lai Nehru, President of Yugoslavia Tito, and Egyptian President Nasir supported the policy of Non-Alignment.
→ But now the number of countries adopting this policy has been increased to a great extent.
→ This policy has taken the form of a powerful movement.
→ That’s why a group of Non-Aligned countries is known as ‘Third World Countries’.
→ India and its Neighbouring States: Pakistan, China, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka are our main neighbouring countries.
→ Our other neighbouring countries are Bhutan, Nepal, and Myanmar.
→ India wanted to keep friendly relations with them but our relations with them have some negative aspects as well.
→ India and Pakistan: Mutual relations of India and Pakistan always remain tense.
→ But India wants to keep friendly relations with its neighbouring countries so that peace could be maintained in the Indian sub-continent.
→ India has tried a lot from time to time to keep cordial relations with Pakistan.
→ Panchsheel: Pt. Jawahar Lai Nehru gave 5 principles for world peace.
→ These were given the name of Panchsheel.
→ Its objective was to encourage the feeling of co-existence among neighbouring countries so that their sovereignty and integrity could be maintained.
→ India and United Nations Organisation: India is giving a great contribution to world peace through United Nations Organisation.
→ India has complete faith in the objectives of the United Nations Organisation.
→ That’s why one of the objectives of Indian foreign policy is to cooperate United Nations in maintaining world peace and solve mutual disputes through mutual discussion.