This PSEB 7th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 9 Political Developments in South India (A.D.700-1200) will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 7th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 9 Political Developments in South India (A.D.700-1200)
→ States of South India in Medieval Period: Many Rajput states were there.
→ The three most powerful states were Pallavas, Panday’s, and Cholas. These would be fought to exert their own authority.
→ Pallava Rulers: The main rulers of this dynasty were Mahendra Varman I and Narsimha Varman I.
→ They expanded their kingdoms and made Kanchi their capital.
→ Pallava’s Art and Architecture: They were great patrons of art and architecture.
→ The famous chariot temples of Mahabali Puram have been built by them.
→ These have been built by cutting a single rock.
→ These temples are unique specimens of Pallava art.
→ Pandya Kingdom: This state was established in the southern part of Tamil Nadu.
→ Its capital was known as Madura or Madurai. It was the main centre of education.
→ Chola Dynasty: It was established by Vijayalaya. Other famous rulers were Prantaka I, Raj Raja I, (985 – 1014 A.D.), and Rajendra Chola (1014 – 1044 A.D.)
→ Assemblies of Cholas: Under Cholas, there was organisation of village assembly to run the village administration properly.
→ Village assemblies were of two types:
- Ur. It was the assembly of common people.
- Sabha or Mahasabha. It was the assembly of scholarly Brahmins.
→ Functions of Village Assemblies: The village assemblies got their functions performed through different committees.
→ These committees took care of roads maintenance, justice, education, religious festivals, temple maintenance, irrigation, and land-related functions.
→ Mandalam: The Chola provinces were known as Mandalams.
→ Valanadus: Mandalams were divided into Valanadus. Every Valanadus had many villages.
→ Chola Society: It was an ideal society. Brahmins, traders, and craftsmen had a pride of place in society.
→ All the classes of society worked together to fulfill common objectives.
→ The women folk also had great honour in society.
→ Raja Raja I: He was the most important ruler of the Chola dynasty.
→ He invaded the states of the Pandya and Chera dynasty as well as some parts of Mysore.
→ Rajendra I: He was another most ambitious Chola ruler.
→ He kept up the victory policy of his father Raj Raja I and fought many battles in the southern subcontinent.
→ The decline of Chola State: The inheritors of Rajendra I were incapable and weak, so by the end of the 13th century the Chola kingdom declined.