This PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes History Chapter 5 Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s Life, Creation of Khalsa and his Personality will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 10th Class Social Science Notes History Chapter 5 Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s Life, Creation of Khalsa and his Personality
→ Birth and Parentage: Guru Gobind Singh Ji was born on December 22, 1666, at Patna. The name of his father was Guru Teg Bahadur Ji. The name of his mother was Mata Gujri Ji.
→ Childhood and Education: Gobind Dass was the name of Guru Gobind Singh Ji in his childhood. Guru Sahib spent the first five years of his childhood in Patna. Guru Sahib learned Persian from Bhai Mati Dass and Qazi Pir Mohammad. Guru Sahib learned Sanskrit from Pandit Harjas and horse riding and training in arms (military training) from Rajput Bajar Singh.
→ Military Organisation: Guru Gobind Singh Ji decided to raise an army of the Sikhs. Hence Guru Sahib ordained that the Sikhs should donate arms and horses to Guru Gaddi.
→ Creation of the Khalsa: Guru Gobind Singh Ji created the Khalsa in 1699. Guru Sahib achieved three aims by creating the Khalsa viz. freedom from the oppression of the Mughals, a setback to the caste system, and the abolition of the Masand system.
→ Five Ks: The five Ks of the Khalsa are Kesh (unshorn hair), Kangha (comb), Karra (iron bangle), Kirpan (sword) and Kachchera (a pair of shorts).
→ Significance of the creation of Khalsa: A new Sikh community of Sant Sipahis came into existence with the creation of the Khalsa. Gradually, the Sikhs emerged as a political power in Punjab.
→ Literary Achievements of Guru Sahib: Guru Gobind Singh Ji composed Akal Ustat, Krishan Avtar, Sahastra Nam Mala, Chandi di Var, and Zafarnama.
→ Battle of Bhangani (1690): The battle of Bhangani was fought in 1690. It was fought between the Mughals and the Hill Chiefs. Guru Gobind Singh Ji participated in the battle in support of the Hill Chiefs. Guru Sahib defeated the Mughals badly.
→ Battle of Nadaun: The battle of Nadaun was fought between the Mughal forces and hill forces in 1690 A.D. Guru Gobind Singh Ji helped Hill Chiefs. He defeated the Mughal army.
→ First Battle of Anandpur Sahib (1701): The first battle of Anandpur Sahib was fought between Hill Chief Bhim Chand and Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Guru Sahib gave a crushing defeat to the Hill Chief.
→ Second Battle of Anandpur Sahib (1704): In the second battle of Anandpur Sahib, the Confederacy of the Hill Chiefs of Bilaspur, Kangra, and Guler fought against Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Guru Sahib came out victorious in the battle.
→ Final Union with the Divine Power: In 1708 Guru Gobind Singh Ji visited South India. Guru Sahib stayed at Nanded in Maharashtra. On October 3, 1708, Guru Sahib made the final union with Divine Power because of an injury received by him.