This PSEB 10th Class Agriculture Notes Chapter 5 Plantation of New Orchards will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 10th Class Agriculture Notes Chapter 5 Plantation of New Orchards
→ Fruits contain nutrients that are essential for the health of the body. e.g. vitamins, minerals, protein, etc.
→ The area occupied by fruit trees is 76500 hectares.
→ Punjab is divided into three zones based on climate sub-mountainous zone, central zone, arid-irrigated zone.
→ Depending upon planting time fruit plants are categorized as evergreen fruit plants and deciduous fruit plants.
→ Evergreen fruit plants are planted in February-March and September-October.
→ Deciduous fruit plants are planted in winter when in a dormant stage.
→ Suitable soil for orchards should be deep, well-drained, loamy, and fertile.
→ Fruit plants should not be planted in waterlogged, marshy saline, or acidic soils.
→ The underground water level should be below 3 m of depth for the cultivation of fruits plants. The level should not be fluctuating.
→ Make pits that are 1 m deep and with a diameter of 1 m.
→ To save plants from termites use lindane or chlorpyrifos.
→ The life cycle of fruit plants is many years.
→ Always plant improved and new varieties of fruit plants for orchards as recommended by agricultural experts.
→ Fruit plants should always be planted at proper spacing so that plants can get the proper amount of sunlight, fertilizers, and water.
→ There are three layout patterns (planting system) for establishing orchards -square, filler (diagonal or quincunx), hexagonal system.
→ Obtain plants from P.A.U., Department of Horticulture, government-approved nurseries for establishing orchards.
→ Vegetative growth of fruit plants mainly takes place from February to April.
→ Fruit plants should be trained at the initial years of plantation to give them proper shape and structure.
→ When plants grow pruning becomes necessary.
→ Do not pull the fruits from the branch during harvesting.