This PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes Civics Chapter 6 Fundamental Rights of Citizens under Constitution will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 9th Class Social Science Notes Civics Chapter 6 Fundamental Rights of Citizens under Constitution
→ While living in society, people enjoy many facilities such as equality, expression of speech, to move anywhere, to adopt any occupation, to follow any religion, etc. Such facilities are called rights.
→ We can say that the rights are such genuine demands of an individual or group of individuals which are recognized by society and state.
→ To give citizens a happy life and to maintain the dignity of individuals, our Constitution has given us a few rights which are known as fundamental rights.
→ These are given in the 3rd part and under Articles 12-35 of the Constitution.
→ Our rights are quite lengthy and extensive, positive and negative, they are limited but justiceable and they cannot be violated.
→ Initially, the Indian citizens were given seven fundamental rights out of which the right to property was deleted in 1978 through the 44th constitutional amendment and was made a legal right Consequently this number came down to six.
→ In 2002, through the 86th constitutional amendment, children were given the Right to Education (RTE) and it was kept under Article 21A.
→ We are given six fundamental rights and these are:
- Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)
- Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
- Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
- Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
- Cultural and Educational Right (Articles 29-30)
- Right to Constitutional Remedy (Articles 32)
→ In our country, many provisions are kept to maintain the security and independence of the judiciary.
→ This is done so that judiciary must give its decisions without any fear.
→ Our courts (Supreme Court and High Courts) are given the power of judicial review.
→ It means that the judiciary can check any law made by the legislature.
→ If it feels that the law made by the legislature is against the basic structure of the Constitution, it can declare that law illegal (null and void).
→ The power of judicial review is given so that the different organs of government must work according to their jurisdiction and according to the spirit of the Constitution.
→ Fundamental Rights are fundamental because they are very much necessary for the all-round development of an individual.