This PSEB 7th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 8 New Kings and Kingdoms (A.D. 700-1200) will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 7th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 8 New Kings and Kingdoms (A.D. 700-1200)
→ States in the early Medieval Age: In the early medieval period, in north India, there were states of Gurjara- Pratiharas, Palas, Rajputs, and in south India, there were Rashtrakutas, Pallavas, Pandayas, and Cholas.
→ Gurjara Partiharas: These rulers ruled the kingdoms in some areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat. The main rulers of this dynasty were Nagabhatta-I, Mihirbhoj, Mahendrapal, and Rajyapala.
→ Pala Dynasty: These rulers ruled over modern Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand. This dynasty was established by Gopal (750 A.D.). Other main rulers were Dharmapala and Devpala.
→ Rashtrakut Dynasty: Established by Dantidurg in 742 A.D. The rulers of this dynasty Taught against Palas and Pratiharas to occupy Kanauj. They gave patronage to art and education.
→ Society, Religion, and Economic Condition: In this period, the caste system was very rigid. The main religions were Hinduism (Vaishnav and Shaiv), Jainism, and Buddhism.
→ Chauhan Dynasty: The most famous ruler was Prithvi Raj Chauhan. He ruled from 1179 A.D. to 1192 A.D.
→ Rajput Period: After the death of Harshvardhana, in north India mainly Rajputs ruled over different states. So this period is known as the Rajput Period.
→ Struggle for Kanauj: Kanauj was very important from its location point, of view. So there was a great struggle among Palas, Pratiharas, and Rashtrakutas to occupy Kanauj.
→ Mahmud Ghaznavi: He was the ruler of Ghazni and attacked India 17 times. He took much of the gold, silver from India to his country.
→ Muhammad Ghori: The ruler of the Gaur kingdom defeated Prithvi Raj Chauhan in the second battle of Tarain (1192 A.D.) and established Turk Empire in India.