This PSEB 7th Class Science Notes Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 7th Class Science Notes Chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants
→ Plants reproduce in two ways Sexual reproduction and Asexual reproduction.
→ Asexual reproduction is a method of reproduction by which new plants are bom from a single parent.
→ There are different methods of asexual reproduction like reproduction by sprouting, reproduction by seeds, fragmentation.
→ In the fragmentation reproductive process, the organism is divided into equal parts which grow into two individuals.
→ During sexual reproduction, the male and female reproductive organs of plants produce male gametes and female gametes which fuse together to form zygotes. The zygote develops into a new plant.
→ Sexual reproduction occurs only in flowering plants.
→ Vegetative propagation is a method of reproduction in which new plants grow through organs like roots, stems, or leaves. In this method of reproduction, neither the genitals nor the seed participates.
→ There are also many artificial methods of reproduction in plants. These are grafting, cutting, and burring under the ground.
→ The transfer of mature pollen grains from the anther to the stigma is called pollination. They reach the stigma of the same flower or another flower.
→ Flowerless plants like moss breed through fragmentation, through yeast breed through buds, while fungi and moss breed through spores.
→ The fusion of the male gamete and the female gamete in the ovum is called fertilization.
→ After fertilization of the ovaries, the ovaries develop into fruit and the ovum develops into seeds.
→ In order to move the seeds away from the germinating plants, it is necessary to scatter the seeds so that the seeds can grow into new plants.
→ Reproduction: The ability to live beings to produce new creatures like themselves is called reproduction.
→ Asexual reproduction: A method that does not require seeds to grow new plants. A single parent is required for reproduction.
→ Sexual Reproduction: Sexual reproduction is a method to produce a new organism through the combination of male and female gametes.
→ Vegetative propagation: When a new plant is obtained from any part of the plant except seed, it is called vegetative propagation.
→ Fragmentation: The formation of a new organism by dividing the body of an animal into Two or more parts is called fragmentation.
→ Unisexual Flower: A flower that has only stamens or only pistil is called a unisexual flower.
→ Bisexual flower: A flower in which both stamens and pistil are present is called a bisexual flower.
→ Fertilization: The combination of male and female gametes is called the action of fertilization.
→ Pollination: The transfer of mature pollen from the pollen cell to the stigma is called pollination.
→ Self-pollination: Pollination in flowers, when the pollen grains land on the same flower this action is called self-pollination.
→ Cross-pollination: Pollination action in which the pollen goes from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower. This type of pollination is done by two flowers of the same plant or flowers of the same species.
→ Germination of seeds: Reaching the moist soil, the seeds absorb water and swell. As the embryo begins to germinate, the root sprouts sink into the soil, and the stem sprouts up into the air. The leaves come out. This process is called seed germination.