This PSEB 6th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 2 Globe – The Model of the Earth will help you in revision during exams.
PSEB 6th Class Social Science Notes Chapter 2 Globe – The Model of the Earth
→ Latitude: Latitude is the angular distance of a place North or South of the Equator.
→ Longitude: Longitude is the angular distance of a place East or West of Prime Meridian.
→ Lines of Latitude: Lines of latitude are imaginary circles drawn parallel to the Equator.
→ Lines of Longitude: Lines of longitude are semi-circles joining the North pole and the South pole.
→ Local Time: Local time is the time provided by Noon Sun at a given place.
→ Standard Time: Standard Time is the local time of the Standard Meridian of a country.
→ G.M.T: Greenwich Mean Time is the local time of Prime Meridian. (0° longitude)
→ I.S.T: Indian Standard Time is the local time of 82½° East longitude passing between Allahabad and Mirzapur (U.P.).
→ Great Circle: A great circle is a circle which passes through the Centre of the earth and bisects it into two equal hemispheres.
→ Geoid: Geoid means Earth-like shape.
→ Equator: An imaginary line (East-West) that bisects the earth into two equal halves.
→ Graticule: Network formed by lines of latitude and lines of longitude.
→ Prime Meridian: It is the main meridian. (Zero meridians)
→ Torrid Zone: Hot Zone (23½° N – 23½° S)
→ Frigid Zone: Cold Zone (66½° – 90°)
→ Globe: Three-dimensional models of the earth
→ Axis: The imaginary line joining the north pole and the south pole.
→ Poles: The two ends of the axis are called poles.
→ Temperate zone: The zone with moderate temperatures.
→ The earth is inclined to the plane of earth’s orbit at an angle of 23½° from the perpendicular.
→ Parallels of latitude are the lines parallel to each other and equator on the globe in an E-W direction.
→ The equator divides the globe into two hemispheres – Northern and Southern. It is an imaginary line.
→ The earth is divided into three temperature zones i.e. the Tropical, the Temperate, and the Frigid zones.
→ 0° Longitude is called Prime Meridian.
→ The earth has been divided into 24 time zones.
→ Indian Standard Time (I.S.T.) is measured from 82½° E Meridian.
→ G.M.T. means Greenwich Mean Time which is used at a global level.
→ Greenwich (0° Longitude) is a town where a laboratory is located near London.
→ 180°E or W is known as the international dateline.
→ Equator: The line that bisects the earth into two equal halves.
→ Hemisphere: The half of a sphere.
→ Sphere: Rolled like a ball.
→ Heat zones: Temperature zones.
→ Meridians: Important to calculate time.
→ Grid: Network of parallel time and Meridians
→ Atlas: A book bound with maps.
→ Chandigarh: Latitude – 31°N, Longitude – 77°E.